hydrogen fluoride
A
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water 0°C; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
byproducts: CdO; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride pptn. from 7E-3 molar Sc(3+)-soln. in aq. HCl, 90-95°C, pH=2;; no quantitative react. in presence of Zr(4+), Ti(4+), Al(3+) or Fe(3+);,; | >99 |
copper
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2; Sc:NH4F molar ratio was 1:4, heating up to 400 °C with 2 °C/h rate, 6 weeks, in a Cu-ampoule, under Ar; cooling with 2 °C/h rate; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride dissolving Sc2O3 in aq. HCl, addn. of concd. HF-soln., evapn., further addn. of aq. HF and evapn. until complete removal of HCl; addn. of aq. HF, addn. of excess NH4HF, evapn. to dryness;; heating in a dry N2-stream to 700-800°C to remove NH4*HF and moisture (Pt-vessel), pure product;; | |
In hydrogenchloride dissolving Sc2O3 in aq. HCl, addn. of concd. HF-soln., evapn., further addn. of aq. HF and evapn. until complete removal of HCl; addn. of aq. HF, addn. of excess NH4HF, evapn. to dryness;; heating in a dry N2-stream to 700-800°C to remove NH4*HF and moisture (Pt-vessel), pure product;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water on addn. of ScCl3-soln. to excess NH4F;; | 0% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water pptn. with aq. KF;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water pptn. with aq. NaF;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: oxygen; explosive convertion at 330-380°C, starting of fluorination at 210°C; |
A
scandium(III) fluoride
B
tetrafluoroscandate(1-)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In perchloric acid formation in aq. soln.;; |
A
scandium(III) fluoride
B
tetrafluoroscandate(1-)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water in aq. soln.;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water formation in soln., determination of thermodynamic data of formation (enthalpy, free enthalpy, entropy);; not isolated;; | |
In water formation in soln., determination of complex formation constant;; not isolated;; | |
In water formation in soln., determination of thermodynamic data of formation (enthalpy, free enthalpy, entropy);; not isolated;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With water In water byproducts: SiO2, HF; immediate hydrolysis of Sc2(SiF6)3; investigation of react.-mechanism;; | |
With water In water byproducts: SiO2, HF; immediate hydrolysis of Sc2(SiF6)3;; | |
With water In hydrogenchloride addn. of H2SiF6 to concd. soln. in HCl while introduction of H2P-vapor;; | |
In water from the neutral or acidic soln. on addn. of H2SiF6 in the cold or in the warm,; | |
In not given slow, but complete pptn. on boiling in strongly acid soln.; product is free of rare earth compounds;; | >99 |
A
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water pptn. at room temp.;; | A 0% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride pptn. from 7E-3 molar Sc(3+)-soln. in aq. HCl, 90-95°C, pH=2;; no quantitative react. in presence of Zr(4+), Ti(4+), Al(3+) or Fe(3+);,; | >99 |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogen fluoride pptn. from aq. soln. by addn. of HF-soln., separation of ppt., evapn. (water-bath), addn. of HF-soln., cryst. product;; | |
In hydrogen fluoride pptn. with aq. HF;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride pptn. from 7E-3 molar Sc(3+)-soln. in aq. HCl, 90-95°C, pH=2;; no quantitative react. in presence of Zr(4+), Ti(4+), Al(3+) or Fe(3+);,; | >99 |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water at room temp.;; |
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With fluoroplast-4 In neat (no solvent) byproducts: C; High Pressure; shock compression reaction of Sc with fluoroplast-4; X-ray diffraction; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) at increased pressure in an autoclave, 250°C, up to 24h. cooling in the autoclave to 60°C, removal of absorbed HF in vac.;; | |
In neat (no solvent) at increased pressure in an autoclave, 250°C, up to 24h. cooling in the autoclave to 60°C, removal of absorbed HF in vac.;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In gas byproducts: Ca, ScF2, ScF; in the gas phase over the solid mixture at 1410K, Ta-Knudsen-cell;; | |
In neat (no solvent, gas phase) byproducts: Ca, ScF2, ScF; in the gas phase over the solid mixture at 1410K, Ta-Knudsen-cell;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogen fluoride aq. HF; reaction of ScCl3 with aq. HF; evapn. of the liquid at 60°C and drying the solid at 80-100°C on a sand bath; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water byproducts: H(1+); formation in soln., determination of equilbrium constant and thermodynamic data of formation;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
pptn. on hydrofluoric acid addn. to Sc-salt soln.; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride byproducts: CO2; pH 1 to <4, heating to 60-100°C for 4h while stirring, washing with H2O until neutral react.;; | >95 |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogen fluoride aq. HF; gradual addition of oxide to acid under periodical cooling; ppt. filtering off, drying (150-200°C), grinding; thermogravimetric analysis; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride byproducts: CO2, CaCl2; pH 1 to <4, heating to 60-100°C for 4h while stirring, washing with H2O until neutral react.;; | >95 |
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With HF In water pptn. of aq. soln. of scandium chloride with excess of concd. hydrofluoric acid; ppt. dried and heated in inert atmosphere; chem. anal.; |
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) thermal decompn. at 350-340°C; intermediate formation of NH4ScF4 at 260-350°C;; pure product;; | |
In potassium hydroxide aq. KOH; pptn. on potentiometric titration of a 0.01m aq. soln. with aq. KOH at pH about 7.5 to 7.7;; | |
In hydrogen fluoride byproducts: NH4(+), HF2(-); aq. HF; | |
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: NH3; heating under 1 bar NH3 pressure; detected by powder X-ray diffractometry; |
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: COF2, SO2; thermal decompn. in inert atmosphere (exclusion of moisture);; | |
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: COF2, SO2; thermal decompn. in inert atmosphere (exclusion of moisture);; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
anhydr. fluoride, 220-260°C, 3 to 6 h; | 83% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium chloride; sodium chloride In melt Electrolysis; ScF3 or ScCl3; vac., heating to 300-350°C, filling with Ar, electrolysing at 780-860°C (NaCl electrolyte) or at 720-750°C (NaCl+KCl electrolyte), current density = 0.1-0.5 A/cm**2; detd. by mass spectrography; | 65% |
scandium(III) fluoride
A
tris(η5-cyclopentadienyl)scandium(III)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With (C5H5)Na In tetrahydrofuran refluxing for 12 h; under argon or vac.;; drying by heating at 110°C under vac. for 7 h; extn. with toluene; concn.; recrystn. from toluene/hexane (2/1); elem. anal.; | A 9% B 14% |
scandium(III) fluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With calcium In neat (no solvent) thermal redn, (calcium metal); electrochem. refinement; | |
With calcium In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CaF2; reduction with Ca under Ar, start of react. at 850-900°C; Ta- or Zr-boride-vessel;; heating to 1400°C, distn. in vac.;; | |
With calcium In neat (no solvent) reduction with Ca under Ar, start of react. at 700-800°C, heating to 1500°C at 10E-4 Torr (distn. of Sc); Mo-vessel;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) at 900°C, heating slowly;; detected by thermogravimetric and X-ray-measurements;; | |
With air In neat (no solvent) hydroylsis by moisture in the furnace on heating in dry Ar or He;; | |
In neat (no solvent) hydroylsis in a stream of moist N2 at 800°C;; not pure, contaminated with oxide;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) on fast heating to 300°C;; detected by thermogravimetric and X-ray-measurements;; | |
In neat (no solvent) 975.-+.25°C, streaming H2O-vapor, 4-30min; increase of react.-rate in presence of U3O8 and/or Cr2O3;; | >99 |
In neat (no solvent) at 1040°C, heating slowly;; detected by thermogravimetric and X-ray-measurements;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) solid state reacn. between appropriate amts. of RbF and ScF3 in a sealed Pt tube under Ar; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) solid state reacn. between appropriate amts. of CsF and ScF3 in a sealed Pt tube under Ar; |
xenon difluoride
scandium(III) fluoride
terbium(III) fluoride
terbium tetrafluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: Xe; heating (430-470°C, 0.5-1 h); DTA; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water formation in soln., determination of complex formation constant;; not isolated;; |
Scandium fluoride ,its cas register number is 13709-47-2,is also named as Scadium trifluoride ; Scandium fluoride ; Scandium(III) fluoride ; Scandium fluoride (ScF3) ; Scandiumfluoride(scf3) ; Scandium fluoride, anhydrous, 99.99% ; Scandium (III) fluoride (99.9%-SC) (REO) ; CID83678 ; LS-144616 ,and so on. Scandium fluoride (CAS No.13709-47-2) is usually bright white powder.
IUPAC Name: Trifluoroscandium
CAS: 13709-47-2
Molecular Formula: F3Sc
Molecular Weight: 101.95
Molecular structure:
EINECS: 237-255-4
Melting point: 1515°C
Form: powder
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
H bond acceptors: 0
H bond donors: 0
Freely Rotating Bonds: 0
H-Bond Donor: 0
H-Bond Acceptor: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Scandium fluoride (CAS No.13709-47-2) is commonly used as chemical reagent.
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
mammal (species unspecified) | LD | intraperitoneal | > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 35(8), Pg. 43, 1991. | |
mammal (species unspecified) | LD | oral | > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 35(8), Pg. 43, 1991. |
RTECS: VQ8930000
Hazard Codes: T,Xi
Risk Statements: 23/24/25-32 (R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R32:Contact with acid liberates very toxic gas.)
Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39-45 (S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.))
RIDADR: UN 3288 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
Hazard Note: Irritant
HazardClass: 6.1
PackingGroup: III
Removal in wastewater treatment of Scandium fluoride (CAS No.13709-47-2) can be stated as follows:
Total removal:1.85 percent
Total biodegradation:0.09 percent
Total sludge adsorption:1.76 percent
Total to Air:0.00 percent
(using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)
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