n-Butane supplier | CasNO.106-97-8

Name
n-Butane
EINECS 203-448-7
CAS No. 106-97-8
Article Data1076
CAS DataBase
Density 0.615 g/cm³
Solubility Insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform and other hydrocarbons
Melting Point -138 °C(lit.)
Formula C₄H₁₀
Boiling Point -0.5 °C(lit.)
Molecular Weight 58.1234
Flash Point 45
Transport Information UN 2037 2.1
Appearance a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor
Safety 9-16
Risk Codes 12
Molecular Structure
Hazard Symbols F+, F
Synonyms R 600;R 600 (alkane);A 21(blowing agent);Diethyl;HC 600;HC 600 (hydrocarbon);LPG;Liquefiedpetroleum gas;
PSA 0.00000
LogP 1.80640

Synthetic route

: 123-76-2
levulinic acid

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With 5%-palladium/activated carbon; hydrogen In hexane; water at 100℃; under 20686.5 Torr; for 24h; Temperature; Pressure; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; Sealed tube;	99%

: 78-93-3
butanone

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Photolysis;
With hydrogen; platinum
With Pt/γ-Al2O3; hydrogen at 160℃; Temperature; Gas phase;
With hydrogen at 100℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 3h;

: 106-99-0
buta-1,3-diene

A: 106-98-9
1-butylene

B: 107-01-7
butene-2

C: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With 0.3 wt. % palladium on alumina; hydrogen at 50℃; under 760.051 Torr; Fixed-bed flow reactor;
With hydrogen; calcium oxide at 130℃; under 760.051 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;
With hydrogen In n-heptane at 17℃; under 7500.75 Torr; Autoclave;

...Expand

: 909878-64-4
meso-erythritol

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) chloride; hydrogen bromide; hydrogen; tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide In dodecane at 200℃; under 30003 Torr; for 4h;	32%
With hydrogen In water at 119.84℃; under 60006 Torr; for 144h; Autoclave;

: 909878-64-4
meso-erythritol

A: 4358-64-9
cis-1,4-anhydroerythritol

B: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ruthenium (III) bromide; hydrogen bromide; hydrogen; tetra-n-butylphosphonium chloride In dodecane at 200℃; under 30003 Torr; for 4h;	A 51% B 8%

: 106-98-9
1-butylene

: 201230-82-2
carbon monoxide

A: 34557-54-5
methane

B: 74-98-6
propane

C: 75-28-5
Isobutane

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; dodecacarbonyltetrairidium In various solvent(s) at 175℃; under 760 Torr; Further byproducts given;	A 0.5% B 16% C 59% D 11%

...Expand

: 187737-37-7
propene

: 201230-82-2
carbon monoxide

A: 34557-54-5
methane

B: 74-98-6
propane

C: 75-28-5
Isobutane

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; dodecacarbonyltetrairidium In various solvent(s) at 175℃; under 760 Torr; Further byproducts given;	A 1% B 17% C 56% D 11%

...Expand

: 78-93-3
butanone

A: 78-92-2, 15892-23-6
iso-butanol

B: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With Pt/γ-Al2O3; hydrogen at 100℃; Temperature; Gas phase;
With hydrogen at 60℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 3h;
With platinum on silica gel; hydrogen at 400℃; under 760.051 Torr;	A 19 %Chromat. B 11 %Chromat.

: (phen)2Fe(CH2)4

A: 106-98-9
1-butylene

B: 107-01-7
butene-2

C: 74-84-0
ethane

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ethene; mercury In benzene-d6; water at -196 - 60℃; under 3040.2 Torr; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox; Sealed tube; Schlenk technique;	A 38% B 24% C 20% D 15%

...Expand

: 78-78-4
methylbutane

A: 75-28-5
Isobutane

B: 106-97-8
n-butane

C: 109-66-0
pentane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tertiary butyl chloride; tributylhexylphosphonium bromohexachloroaluminate at 95℃; under 8533.17 Torr; for 4.6h; Time; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;
With tertiary butyl chloride; tributylhexylphosphonium bromohexachloroaluminate at 95℃; under 8533.17 Torr; for 4.6h; Time; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;
With tertiary butyl chloride; tributylhexylphosphonium bromohexachloroaluminate at 95℃; under 8533.17 Torr; for 4.6h; Time; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;

...Expand

: 106-99-0
buta-1,3-diene

A: 106-98-9
1-butylene

B: 590-18-1
(Z)-2-Butene

C: 624-64-6
trans-2-Butene

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; palladium In various solvent(s) at 40℃; under 3040 Torr; Kinetics; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Solvents; solvent-free;	A 72% B n/a C n/a D n/a
With hydrogen; palladium dichloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide under 18751.5 Torr; for 0.383333h; Product distribution; Ambient temperature; various time;	A 50% B 2.5% C 23% D 1%
With hydrogen; LaPd3 at -38.1 - -0.1℃; Product distribution; Thermodynamic data; other catalyst; Ea;

...Expand

: 64-19-7
acetic acid

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al 280) at 410℃; under 760.051 Torr;

: 909878-64-4
meso-erythritol

A: 110-00-9
furan

B: 78-93-3
butanone

C: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ruthenium (III) bromide; hydrogen bromide; hydrogen; tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide In dodecane at 200℃; under 30003 Torr; for 2h; Reagent/catalyst;	A 6% B 14% C 6%

...Expand

: 78-92-2, 15892-23-6
iso-butanol

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; hydrogen In water at 99.84℃; under 60006 Torr; for 4h;
With hydrogen at 60 - 140℃; under 750.075 Torr;
Stage #1: iso-butanol Acidic conditions; Stage #2: With hydrogen at 60℃; under 750.075 Torr;

: (phen)2Fe(CH2)4

A: 106-98-9
1-butylene

B: 287-23-0
cyclobutane

C: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With isoprene In benzene-d6 at 60℃; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox; Sealed tube;	A 55% B 11% C 34%

...Expand

: 107-01-7
butene-2

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With palladium on activated charcoal; hydrogen at 180℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 2h; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave;	99%
With pumice stone; nickel at 150 - 200℃; Hydrogenation;
With hydrogen; nickel at 180 - 200℃;
With C28H36Cl2Fe2O2P2; hydrogen In benzene-d6 at -195.16℃; under 3040.2 Torr; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;
With zeolite-acid

: 50-70-4
D-sorbitol

A: 34557-54-5
methane

B: 74-84-0
ethane

C: 74-98-6
propane

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

E n-pentanen-hexane: n-pentanen-hexane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Pt/Al2O3 In water at 264.85℃; under 43128.4 Torr;
With hydrogenchloride; Pt/Al2O3 In water at 264.85℃; under 43128.4 Torr; pH=2;

...Expand

: 75-09-2
dichloromethane

: 2386-64-3
ethylmagnesium chloride

A: 187737-37-7
propene

B: 106-97-8
n-butane

C: 109-66-0
pentane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With C31H37ClN3NiO2(1-)*Li(1+) In tetrahydrofuran at 25℃; for 0.333333h; Inert atmosphere; Overall yield = 91 %;	A 14% B 20% C 57%

...Expand

: 71-36-3
butan-1-ol

A: 123-72-8
butyraldehyde

B: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ZnO-CeO2 mixed oxide at 399.84℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 1h; Temperature; Inert atmosphere;

: 106-98-9
1-butylene

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With palladium on activated charcoal; hydrogen at 180℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 2h; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave;	99%
With pumice stone; nickel at 150 - 200℃; Hydrogenation;
With hydrogen; tetrahydrofuran; samarium at 20.9℃; under 135 Torr;

: 106-99-0
buta-1,3-diene

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With helium; propene; hydrogen at 225℃; under 760.051 Torr; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Flow reactor;	99.9%
With hydrogen; aluminum oxide; sulfided Mo at 4℃; under 30 Torr; for 0.333333h; variation of reaction temperature; the reaction time was studied;
With hydrogen; Fe-Zr alloy Kinetics;

: 188290-36-0
thiophene

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; aluminum oxide; cobalt; molybdenum at 400℃; Rate constant; gas phase; flow circulation apparatus;
With hydrogen; oceanic polymetallic nodules at 380 - 460℃; under 60004.8 - 82506.6 Torr; Kinetics; catalytic acivity, comparison with industrial catalysts;
With hydrogen; aluminum oxide; molybdenum at 420℃; under 760 Torr; for 24h; catalytic activities; different Mo contents and reaction times; effect of O2 or CO uptake to the rate of hydrogenolysis at 60 deg C or 0 deg C;

: 50-70-4
D-sorbitol

A: 74-84-0
ethane

B: 74-98-6
propane

C: 106-97-8
n-butane

D: 109-66-0
pentane

E methanen-hexane: methanen-hexane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; Pt/Al2O3 In water at 264.85℃; under 43128.4 Torr; pH=3;

...Expand

: 50-70-4
D-sorbitol

A: 74-84-0
ethane

B: 74-98-6
propane

C: 110-54-3
hexane

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

E n-pentanemethane: n-pentanemethane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; aluminum oxide; silica gel; palladium In water at 264.85℃; under 43653.5 Torr; pH=2;

...Expand

: 64-17-5
ethanol

A: 60-29-7
diethyl ether

B: 75-07-0
acetaldehyde

C: 106-97-8
n-butane

D: 71-36-3
butan-1-ol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In water at 235℃; under 220.415 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Guerbet Reaction; Flow reactor;

...Expand

: 71-36-3
butan-1-ol

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With aluminium oxide vanadium(V)-oxide catalyst at 380 - 400℃; under 29420.3 Torr; Hydrogenation;
With titanic acid at 430℃;
With hydrogen; vanadium(V) oxide; iron at 326.9℃; 1.5E5 Pa; Yield given;
With sulfuric acid; hydrogen In water at 99.84℃; under 60006 Torr; for 4h;

: 110-63-4
Butane-1,4-diol

A: 106-97-8
n-butane

B: 71-36-3
butan-1-ol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; hydrogen In water at 99.84℃; under 60006 Torr; for 4h;
With hydrogen In 1,4-dioxane at 139.84℃; under 60006 Torr; for 4h; Autoclave;

: 201230-82-2
carbon monoxide

A: 74-84-0
ethane

B: 74-98-6
propane

C: 124-38-9
carbon dioxide

D: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen at 300℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;

...Expand

: 109-66-0
pentane

A: 75-28-5
Isobutane

B: 78-78-4
methylbutane

C: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
phosphotungstic acid; Al2O3-F; platinum at 310℃; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Catalysts; Temperatures;	A 0.6% B 62.1% C 0.6%
With tertiary butyl chloride; C9H20N(1+)*Al2Cl7(1-) at 95℃; under 13446.2 Torr; for 4.4h; Time; Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere;	A 30.79% B 21.33% C 8.72%
aluminum tri-bromide; copper dichloride at 28℃; for 2h; Yield given;

...Expand

: 460-12-8
Butadiyne

: 106-97-8
n-butane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; palladium/alumina In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 40℃; under 15001.5 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity;

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 108-31-6
maleic anhydride

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; vanadyl pyrophosphate at 420℃;	100%
With oxygen; vanadyl pyrophosphate at 420℃; Product distribution; other catalysts with different P/V atomic ratios and their catalityc activities investigated;	100%
With oxygen; vanadium-phosphorus oxidation catalyst at 396 - 491℃; Product distribution / selectivity; Gas phase;	77%

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 600-24-8, 116783-22-3
2-nitrobutane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With N-hydroxyphthalimide; air; Nitrogen dioxide In various solvent(s) at 100℃; under 1520.1 Torr; for 14h;	65%
With nitric acid at 420℃; 2-nitro-butane, inactive form;
With nitric acid at 205℃;
With nitric acid at 400 - 450℃;

: 201230-82-2
carbon monoxide

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 116-53-0, 600-07-7
2-Methylbutanoic acid

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With dipotassium peroxodisulfate; BF4(1-)C24H51BCu3N3O16(1+)2H2O; water In acetonitrile at 60℃; for 6h; Autoclave;	26.7%
With dipotassium peroxodisulfate; C26H38Cu3N4O16; water In acetonitrile at 60℃; for 6h; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	25.4%
With 2-pyrazylcarboxylic acid; dipotassium peroxodisulfate; ferrocene In water; acetonitrile at 60℃; under 7600.51 Torr; for 4h; Autoclave;	19%

: 27104-73-0
methyl isoquinoline-3-carboxylate

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: methyl 1-(sec-butyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium dichloride; 4,5,6,7-tetrafluoro-1-hydroxybenzo[d][1,2]iodaoxol-3(1H)-one In dichloromethane at 30℃; under 760.051 Torr; Minisci Aromatic Substitution; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; chemoselective reaction;	78%

: 106-97-8
n-butane

A: 123-72-8
butyraldehyde

B: 78-93-3
butanone

C: 78-92-2, 15892-23-6
iso-butanol

D: 107-92-6
butyric acid

E: 71-36-3
butan-1-ol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With 2-pyrazylcarboxylic acid; ferrocene; dihydrogen peroxide; triphenylphosphine In acetonitrile at 50℃; for 4h; Autoclave; Overall yield = 58 %;
Stage #1: n-butane With 2-pyrazylcarboxylic acid; [{VO(EtO)(EtOH)}2(1κ2O,κN:2κ2O,κN-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)oxalohydrazonic acid)]·2H2O; dihydrogen peroxide In water; acetonitrile at 50℃; for 4h; Stage #2: With triphenylphosphine under 760.051 Torr; Autoclave; Overall yield = 45.3 %Chromat.;

...Expand

: 62668-02-4
(E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ol

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: (E)-butyl(1,3-diphenylallyl)sulfane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tetra-(n-butyl)ammonium iodide; sodium thiosulfate In water at 80℃; for 5h; Sealed tube;	72%

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 106-99-0
buta-1,3-diene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
magnesium-molybdenum	98%
With water; oxygen at 25 - 550℃; under 1800.18 - 11251.1 Torr;	95%
With water; hydrogen; oxygen at 25 - 555℃; under 1800.18 - 15001.5 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity;	95%

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 71-43-2
benzene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With carbon dioxide at 540℃; Gas phase; Flow reactor;	31%
at 850℃;
at 800 - 850℃;
With gallium nitride at 450℃; under 0.00750075 Torr;

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 109-99-9
tetrahydrofuran

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: n-butane With oxygen at 403℃; under 2175.22 Torr; Stage #2: With hydrogen In Phthalic acid dibutyl ester Product distribution / selectivity;	99.5%

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 75-28-5
Isobutane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen at 380℃; under 2250.23 Torr; Temperature;	62%
With hydrogen; Pt-η-Al2O3-Cl at 200℃; under 15001.2 - 22501.8 Torr; Product distribution; test chlorinated catalysts for the isomerization of C4-C6 alkanes; also other alkanes (n-pentane, hexane fraction and their mixtures);	53.83%
With Ga(3+)-modified sulfated zirconia at 190℃; under 760.051 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Flow reactor;	30%

: 106-97-8
n-butane

A: 78-94-4
methyl vinyl ketone

B: 78-93-3
butanone

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; 12percentMo1Cs1Na0.04Pr0.01On/SiO2 at 475℃; under 760.051 Torr;

: 106-97-8
n-butane

: 78-93-3
butanone

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With C56H52ClFeN4O(1+) at 0℃; Kinetics;	23%
With hydrogen bromide; oxygen at 180℃;
With 2-pyrazylcarboxylic acid; dihydrogen peroxide; [n-Bu4N]VO3 In acetonitrile at 75℃; under 2280 Torr; for 2.5h; Product distribution;

n-Butane Consensus Reports

Butane (CAS NO.106-97-8) is reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

n-Butane Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 800 ppm
ACGIH TLV: TWA 800 ppm
DFG MAK: 1000 ppm (2400 mg/m³)
DOT Classification: 2.1; Label: Flammable Gas

n-Butane Specification

n-Butane, also known butane, is a highly flammable, colorless, easily liquefied gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. It is an alkane with four carbon atoms. Butane refers two structural isomers of n-butane and isobutane. It is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform and other hydrocarbons. n-Butane is used primarily as gasoline blending components and less so as liquefied fuel and in the manufacture of chemicals.

Preparation: Oil field gas, wet natural gas and cracked gas all contain n-butane. So it can be obtained by separation.

1. Separation from oil field gas and wet natural gas: The propane and butane liquefied petroleum gas can be seperated by being pressurized and condensation. After distillation, butane is isolated.

2. Separation from cracked gas: The gas which is obtained from refinery by vacuum distillation at room temperature goes through the following reaction steps: reforming; catalytic cracking; coking; thermal cracking; hydrocracking. The obtained liquid gas can contain a large number of C4 fraction. Then, after reforming, hydrocracking and vacuum distillation, the C4 fraction is mainly butane (n-butane and isobutane). The by-product C4 fraction from ethylene unit also contains butane. After a series of treatment, n-butane (above 90%) can be obtained.

3. Use industrial cymogene (C₄H₁₀ 80% ~ 90%) as raw material and molecular sieve as adsorbent for adsorption purification. The purity of 98% butane can be obtained. Use rectification to remove light components, the product purity can reach 99.99%.

Uses: n-Butane gas is sold bottled as a fuel for cooking and camping. When blended with propane as liquefied petroleum gas, it is largely used for heating homes, cooking and industrial heating. Pure butane gas is used in standard gas, calibration gas, aerosol spray regent, temperature and pressure gauges and ionizing particle counter. n-Butane is also used as fuel for cigarette lighters and portable stoves and as raw material for synthetic rubber and high octane liquid fluids. In addition, it is mainly used as raw material in organic synthesis. For example: after dehydrogenation, butylene and butadiene can be obtained; after isomerization iso-butane can be obtained; after catalytic oxidation, Maleic anhydride, acetic acid, acetaldehyde can be obtained; after halogenate, halogenated butane can be obtained; after nitration, nitrobutane can be obtained.

Safty: n-Butane is a kind of extremely flammable chemical. Therefore, you had better take the following instructions: Keep container in a well-ventilated place; Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Inhalation of n-butane can cause asphyxia, euphoria, drowsiness, cardiac arrhythmia, narcosis, and frostbite, which can result in death from asphyxiation and ventricular fibrillation.

Structure Descriptors:
1. Smiles:C(CC)C
2. InChI:InChI=1/C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3

Toxicity:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
mouse	LC50	inhalation	680gm/m³/2H (680000mg/m³)		Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 30, Pg. 102, 1967.
rat	LC50	inhalation	658gm/m³/4H (658000mg/m³)		Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 30, Pg. 102, 1967.

Product Name

n-Butane

Synthetic route

n-Butane Consensus Reports

n-Butane Standards and Recommendations

n-Butane Specification

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