Most licit and illicit substances consumed by the nursing mother might be excreted in breast milk, which may cause potential short and long term harmful effects for the breastfed infant. The extraction of substances from this matrix represents an analytical challenge due to its high protein and ...
We have compared the pharmacokinetics of bolus dose cocaine administration with that of its three most important metabolites; norcocaine, ecgonine methylester, and benzoylecgonine and assessed whether kinetics are dose dependent at two equimolar doses equivalent to cocaine hydrochloride 2.5 and ...
Gender differences may significantly influence the toxicity of cocaine in mammals. In this study, the influence of gender on the toxicity of norcocaine, a pharmacologically active metabolite of cocaine, was compared with its parent compound in adult male and female rats. In addition, the plasma ...
In hair analysis, cocaine (COC) and its metabolites have been studied relatively extensively with a consistent focus of distinguishing active drug use and excluding external contamination. Although quantitative cut-offs using major metabolite, benzolecgonine (BE), in hair have been proposed to d...
We provide the first causal evidence on whether e-cigarette advertising on television and in magazines encourages adult smokers to quit. We find the answer to be yes for TV advertising but no for magazine advertising. Our results indicate that a policy banning TV advertising of e-cigs would have...
Herein, a novel iron nitride nanoparticles (Fe2N NPs) decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGOS) nanocomposite have been designed through a solvothermal method and followed by a nitridation process. After then, as-synthesized Fe2N [email protected] was characterized by HRTEM, FESEM, XPS, XRD, and E...
The singlet excited state of 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (1NQNO*) has been characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, combining transient absorption with steady state and time-resolved emission spectroscopy. The energy of 1NQNO* has been established as 255 kJ/mol from the fluorescence spe...
The present study was conducted to examine the effects of selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, nimesulide and etodolac, on early stages of tongue carcinogenesis due to 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4-NQO). Fischer 344 rats, 6 weeks old, were given 15 ppm of 4-NQO in their drinking water for 8...
The present study was conducted to examine effects of a clinically available selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, etodolac, on the development of rat tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO), and on the immunohistochemically demonstrable expressio...
A range of novel 2-aryl-5-nitroquinolines have been synthesised as potential prodrug systems for bioreductive activation. Thus 5-nitroquinoline underwent vicarious nucleophilic substitution at C-6 with bromoform anion to give, after hydrolysis and reduction, the quinoline-6-methanol. Introductio...
The treatment of a variety of 2-substituted-4-nitroquinolines with Sn in the presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid in ethanol at 70 °C for 2–4 h afforded unusual de-nitro products 2-substituted-quinolines in good yields.
Upon treatment of ethyl 2-(4-chloro-2-pyridyl)benzoic acid, 2-(4-chloro-2-pyridyl)benzoate, and N,N-diisopropyl-2-(4-chloro-2-pyridyl)benzamide with LTMP at −75 °C in THF, the lithio derivatives at C5′ are generated regiospecifically, as demonstrated by subsequent quenching with electrophiles....
Thrombin is a serine protease that plays an important role in the blood coagulation cascade, and is a target enzyme for new therapeutic agents. Ac-(D)-Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH (DuP 714) was found to be a highly effective thrombin inhibitor. In order to reduce the peptidic nature of DuP 714, we have de...
The review covers the mechanism insights and recent achievements in catalyst design for oxidative coupling of benzoic acids and alkynes. This reaction is a straightforward effective approach to synthesis of isocoumarins or naphthalenes. The influence of catalyst nature and reaction conditions on...
The clean synthesis of 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran epoxide starting from 3-methyl-2-butenal is reported using recyclable catalysts. H4PMo11VO40 (PMo11V) and (PyH)3HPMo11VO40 (Py3–PMo11V) Keggin-type heteropolyacids were used to synthesize 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran in two s...
For more in-depth exploration of the chemical space around the entrance channel of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), a series of novel indolylarylsulfones (IASs) bearing different chiral N-substituted pyrrolidine, azetidine or substituted sulfonamide groups at indole-2-carboxamide were designed ...
[3+2]-Photocycloadditions of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 2,3-dicyanonaphthalenes to alkenes were found to proceed at the 1,8-, 4,5-, and 1,8-positions of the naphthalene ring of dicyanonaphthalenes, respectively. In the photoreactions of the 1,3- and 2,3-isomers [3+2]-adducts were obtained in oxidized forms...
The electrochemical reduction of 7 of the 10 isomeric dicyanonaphthalenes has been studied in N,N-dimethylformamide. The studied compounds were 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 2,3-, 1,8-, 2,6- and 2,7-dicyanonaphthalene. For most of the isomers, the one-electron reduction to the anion radical occurred as a si...
The synthesis and characterization of novel benzisothiazole-tetrazolyl derivatives differing on the spacer-group used for the linkage of two heterocycles are described. The application of these compounds as nitrogen ligands for coordination with transition metals was also explored, leading to th...
The computational description of saccharin (1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide) and its derivatives is difficult due to the presence of hypervalent SO bonds in their structures. Therefore, in this investigation, the HF, DFT/B3LYP and MP2 methods were used to predict the geometry and the in...
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