Repin, a major constituent in extracts of the plant Centaurea repens is thought to be the active principal responsible for the development of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia (ENE), a fatal Parkinson-like neurodegenerative disorder in horses. Although the exact mechanism by which ingestion ...

Russian knapweed is a perennial weed found in many parts of the world, including southern California. Chronic ingestion of this plant by horses has been reported to cause equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia (ENE), which is associated with a movement disorder simulating Parkinson's disease...

Repin is a sesquiterpene lactone found in Centaurea solstitialis, a plant responsible for Parkinson-like disease in horses. Repin, on intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, produces a dose-dependent and highly significant hypothermia in naive rats. The hypothermia is long-lasting with a peak 3 h afte...

Preliminary investigations directed towards the synthesis of the indole-diterpene mould metabolite, paspalicine 1, are described. Following the preparation of the β-pyrone ketal 7, which contains the characteristic functional group of paspalicine, the compound 25, which constitutes rings D–G o...

The crystal and molecular structures of paspaline and paspalicine, indolemevalonate metabolites from Claviceps paspali are presented.

The synthesis of the pentacyclic β-pyrone diketal(4), which constitutes rings D-G of the indolic mould metabolite paspalicine with the correct relative stereochemistry, is described. The structure and stereochemistry of the ketal (4) and its precursor diol (5) have been established by single cr...

In phytotherapy, extracts from medicinal plants are employed which contain mixtures of secondary metabolites. Their modes of action are complex because the secondary metabolites can react with single or multiple targets. The components in a mixture can exert additive or even synergistic activiti...

Digitonin is commonly used to permeabilize cell membranes and solubilize membrane components. It interacts specifically with cholesterol in the membrane which leads to the formation of pores. Thus far, the mechanism by which digitonin interacts with the membrane has only been described qualitati...

An HPLC method was developed for determination of the C-glucoside dihydrochalcones, aspalathin and nothofagin, in rooibos tea. Gradient separation of the phenolic fraction was achieved on a reversed-phase C18 column. The polyphenolic fraction was prepared by extraction of the phenolic compounds ...

Aspalathin (Asp) and nothofagin (Not) are two major active dihydrochalcones found in green rooibos, which have been reported for their anti-oxidant activity. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that beyond its role in the activation of protein C, endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) is al...

Active constituents from natural origin have long been used for the treatment of patients suffering from cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study therefore aimed to investigate the diuretic and natriuretic properties of nothofagin, a dihydrochalcone isolated from Leandra dasytricha (A. Gray...

Aspalathin and nothofagin, the major dihydrochalcones in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), are valuable bioactive compounds, but their bioactivity has not been fully elucidated. Isolation of these compounds using high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC), a gentle, support-free, up-sca...

Although the acute diuretic effect of nothofagin has been recently demonstrated, its effects after dose-repeated treatment have not yet been explored. For that, male Wistar normotensive (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were orally treated, once a day, with vehicle (VEH: distilled ...

BackgroundAspalathin (Aspt) and nothofagin (Not) were reported to have antioxidant activity and are the two major active dihydrochalcones in green rooibos. This study was conducted to determine whether Asp and Not can modulate renal functional damage in a mouse model of sepsis and to elucidate t...

Mast cells play a major role in immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic inflammation, which is involved in asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. Nothofagin has been shown to ameliorate various inflammatory responses such as the septic response and vascular inflammation. In this study, we ...

An antibiotic that is effective against most common gram-positive bacteria, especially streptococci, pneumococci, and staphylococci, lincomycin hydrochloride, marketed under the brand name Lincocin, has met the American Dental Association’s qualifications and standards for classification in Gro...

Lincomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic synthesized by Streptomyces lincolnensis that is particularly active against Gram-positive bacteria. It is widely used in human and veterinary applications. The crystal structure of lincomycin has been undertaken with a view to obtain the conformational ...

Publisher SummaryThis chapter discusses the synthesis, special properties, microbial kinetics, pharmacology, and structural-activity relationship of lincomycin hydrochloride. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate is a white or almost white, crystalline powder. It is odorless or has a faint mercap...

In this study, core–shell lincomycin-imprinted polymers were successfully synthesized and their binding properties evaluated. The functional monomers of methacrylamide and acrylamide were used for synthesis of core and shell, respectively. The optimum synthesized core–shell molecularly imprint...

The surface modification of implantable devices by means of laser methods represents a promising strategy towards personalized healthcare practice, providing a versatile and tunable approach to increase the patient outcome, facilitate the medical procedure and reduce the unwanted or side effects...