Due to increased use of agrochemicals and growing concerns about ecotoxicology, the development of new insecticides, moving away from those with neurotoxic and broad spectrum effects towards insecticides that are safer for the environment and nontarget beneficial species, has been a research pri...

ObjectiveTo test whether the variations of tissue hemoglobin concentration (∆THb) measured by the FORE-SIGHTTM cerebral oximeter can accurately detect changes in arterial hemoglobin concentration (∆AHb) before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass.

ResumenObjetivoCalcular el número de analíticas y volumen de sangre extraído durante las primeras 24 h de ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Analizar valores de hemoglobina basal y a las 24 h, relacionarlas con volumen de sangre extraído, balance ponderal e índices de gravedad.

Hemoglobin (Hb) and cytochrome P450 carry out aromatic ring hydroxylation of aniline. In the presence of reductants and Hb, para- and ortho-aminophenol were formed. Under [18O]O2, 100% of product was labeled; no incorporation occurred with [18O]H2O. Deuterium (1.9%) was detectable in p-aminophen...

Representatives of the phylum Pogonophora were found at 1800 m in a fault region off San Diego, CA, where there were indications of recently discharged hydrothermal fluids. The worm-like organisms were determined to be Lamellibrachia sp, phylogenetically related to Riftia pachyptila, a Pogonopho...

The interaction of chlorpromazine (CPZ), a widely used antipsychotic tranquillizer, with the allosteric protein haemoglobin, has been studied by different methods. From rversusCf plot obtained by an equilibrium dialysis experiment, the maximum value of r was found to be 6.8 at 0.15 m NaCl. Bindi...

We are reporting a novel biosensing platform based on a hybrid nanomaterial that combines the advantages of Nafion-coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and mesoporous silica MCM41 nanoparticles functionalized with hemoglobin (Hb). MWCNTs-MCM41-Hb hybrid bioconjugate was characterized by ...

1-(Benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-alkanols 3 were prepared in very high enantiomeric excess by baker's yeast-induced asymmetric reduction of 1-(benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-alkanones 1. Conversion of 3 into optically active simple 2-alkanols 4 and thiiranes 2 by reductive desulfurization and ...

The developmental aspects of glutathione in the mouse fetal liver and the relative roles of glutathione in maternal liver, placenta and fetal liver int he protection against possible harmful effects of acetaminophen were studied. The glutatione concentration in the fetal mouse liver is significa...

Overdosage of acetaminophen (AA) is known to produce acute liver toxicity in both humans and laboratory animals. Hamsters are especially sensitive to the hepatotoxic effect of AA. In the present study, hamsters pretreated with pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN; 75 mg/kg, ip, daily for 4 days) ...

Recently, we demonstrated that a microsomal enzyme inducer with a steroidal structure, pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN), markedly decreased the hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (AA) in hamsters. Therefore, it was of interest to determine if PCN, as well as another steroid microsomal enzyme in...

Diallyl sulfide (DAS), a major flavour component of garlic, is known to modulate drug metabolism and may protect animals from chemically induced toxicity and carcinogenesis. In this study the effects of DAS on the oxidative metabolism and hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in rats we...

SummaryIn spite of the importance of glutathione (GSH) in the detoxification of toxic metabolites of drugs, virtually nothing is known about the regulation of hepatic GSH homeostasis in man. In order to estimate the turnover of hepatic GSH and to assess the effect of different doses of acetamino...

Acetaminophen (APAP) nephrotoxicity has been observed both in humans and research animals. Our recent investigations have focused on the possible involvement of glutathione-derived APAP metabolites in APAP nephrotoxicity and have demonstrated that administration of acetaminophen-cysteine (APAP-C...

The properties of modulating liver l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine (GSH) homeostasis by thiazolidine derivative N-acetyl-glucosamine-thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid (GlcNAcCys) and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in l-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine (BSO)-induced mice liver GSH deple...

Periplocoside NW (PSNW) with pregnane glycoside skeleton is a novel insecticidal compound isolated from the root bark of Periploca sepium Bunge. This compound has a potent stomach poisoning activity against several insect pests. In this study, we observed the intoxication symptoms, investigated ...

Periplocoside A (PSA) has been extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Periploca sepium Bge to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via immune regulation. We previously found that PSA exhibits immunosuppressive activity both in vitro and in vivo. Balanced regulation of helper T 17 (Th17)/regulator...

The pathological effects of ingested periplocoside X, an insecticidal component isolated from the root of Periploca sepium Bunge, on the midgut epithelial cells of the soldiers of red imported fire ant were studied and the symptom was described. The results showed that periplocoside X could indu...

The organocatalysed asymmetric hydrosilylation of a number of N-aryl and alkyl β-substituted enamino esters proceeds in generally good yield and enantioselectivity. Crucial to obtaining high yield and selectivity was the addition of benzoic acid as an additive and under these conditions, both N...

During the course of our study, it was revealed that the poor pharmacokinetic properties of a series of benzoic acid derivatives such as 1 should be attributed to the diphenylurea moiety. Thus, we replaced the diphenylurea moiety in 1 with a 2-(2-methylphenylamino)benzoxazole moiety which mimics...