Microorganisms in animal gut produce unusual fatty acids from the ingested diet. Two types of hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs), 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA) and 10-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid (HYB), are linoleic acid (LA) metabolites produced by Lactobacillus plantarum. In this study, we in...
The effects of topically administered snake (Deinagkistrodon acutus) oil and its main fatty acid components on skin photodamage were explored. Epidermal thickness, mice body weight, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), inflammatory cytokines (tumor necros...
Lesquerella (Physaria fendleri) contains a major unusual hydroxy fatty acid, lesquerolic acid (14-hydroxy-eicos-cis-11-enoic acid, C20:1-OH), at 55–60% of seed oil which has industrial value. The remaining seed oil comprises mainly common fatty acids including α-linolenic acid (octadec-cis-9,1...
Oleic (cis9-18:1), linoleic (cis9,cis12-18:2) and α-linolenic (cis9,cis12,cis15-18:3) acids are well described substrates of the Δ6-desaturase encoded by the mammalian fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene. In addition, at least 9 other very structurally different fatty acids have been shown to...
Symmetric diarylalkynes were obtained from the decarboxylative coupling reactions of aryl bromides and propiolic acid in water solvent condition. In the presence of phase transfer surfactant C18H37N(CH3)3Cl, the catalytic system of both Pd(PPh3)2Cl2/dppb and Pd(TPPMS)2Cl2/TPPMS afforded the desi...
This Letter describes the discovery of a series of potent inhibitors of Human Uric Acid Transporter 1 (hURAT1). Lead generation and optimization via 3D pharmacophore analysis resulted in compound 41. With an IC50 of 33.7 nM, 41 also demonstrated good oral bioavailability in rat (74.8%) and displ...
The condensation of 5-bromoisatin (1a) with aryl methyl ketones (2a–2d) gave 2-aryl-6-bromoquinolines (3a–3d), ammonolysis of which gave the 6-amino-2-arylquinoline derivatives (4a–4d), which were also converted to the corresponding acetyl derivatives 5a–5d by reaction with acetic anhydride....
An efficient and general protocol for the decarboxylative cross-coupling of pyridazine-3-carboxylic acids with aryl-bromides has been described. This method provides a new avenue for the synthesis of 3-arylpyridazines via decarboxylative cross-coupling strategy by employing the dual-catalyst sys...
An efficient and mild protocol has been developed for the Minisci acylation reactions of nitrogen-containing heteroarenes with α-keto acids. Distinct from the conventional Minisci acylation conditions, the chemistry was performed using non-noble metal Fe(II), instead of expensive Ag(I) salt, as...
The redox chemistry of the ligand 4-methoxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid, its monoanion and its complexes with manganese(II) and manganese(III) has been studied in dimethylsulphoxide using electrochemical, spectroscopic and magnetic measurements. The combination of the monoanion of the ligand with...
The effect of the length of salting time on volatile compounds throughout the manufacture of dry-cured “lacón” was studied using a purge-and-trap extraction and GC/MS analysis. For this study, six treatments of “lacón” were salted with different amounts of salt (LS (3 days of salting), MS ...
C-linked disaccharide derivatives mimicking O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-d-galactopyranosides (end groups in Core-B structures of biologically important proteoglycans) have been obtained from isolevoglucosenone and β-d-galactopyranosylcarbaldehyde derivatives. The β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)...
The title compounds have been conveniently synthesized by the addition reaction of ε-caprolactone and the corresponding, readily available ω-aminoalkyl dialkyl acetals. The free aldehydes, formed from sugar glycosides bearing the described hexanamides as aglycons, can be readily linked to prot...
Malondialdehyde (MDA), a byproduct of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin biosynthesis, has been shown to be a weak frameshift mutagen in Salmonella mutagenicity assays. Because it is a dialdehyde, MDA can undergo self condensation to form polymeric products. It is possible that t...
The title dimethyl acetal 4 and related compounds can be efficiently synthesized by treatment of 6-caprolactone with commercially available dialkyl acetals. Conventional glucosylation using 4 as a glycosyl acceptor gave mainly β-glycosides which were deprotected to give 13. The latter was conve...
2,2-Dimethoxyethyl 2-alkenoates are easily transformed into 2-(1-alkenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-ylium cations in situ on the action of titanium tetrachloride, which react with enamines to predominantly give syn Michael adducts in good yields. This is the first example of such a high syn-selectivity for...
The synthesis and homopolymerization of acryloyl N,N,-bis(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)amine is described. Gel networks were obtained by copolymerization of acryloyl N,N,-bis(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)amine and N,N,′-methylenediacrylamide (molar ratio 8:1) and by copolymerization of acryloyl morpholine, acryloy...
2,2-Dimethoxyethyl acrylate, which is easily prepared by the Mitsunobu reaction, reacts with dienes at −78 °C in the presence of a Lewis acid such as titanium(IV) chloride to afford the corresponding DielsAlder adducts in high yields.
1-(2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)-1,2,3-triazoles are regioselectively prepared by copper(I)-catalyzed [3+2] cyclizations of 2-azido-1,1-dimethoxyethane with alkynes.
Calix[4]resorcinols containing four [N-diethoxyphosphorylmethyl-N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)amino]methyl substituents at the upper rim of molecule were synthesized by condensation of calix[4]resorcinols with formaldehyde and diethyl N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)- aminomethylphosphonate.
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