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inquiryfactory?direct?saleAppearance:White Powder Storage:Store In Dry, Cool And Ventilated Place Package:25kg/drum, also according to the clients requirement Application:It is widely used as a thickener, emulsifier and stabilizer Transportation:By Sea Or B
General tips:For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same d
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inquiryViolaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tricyclohexylphosphine[1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidine][benzylidene]ruthenium(II) dichloride In toluene at 60℃; for 0.166667h; | 49% |
(15Z)-Violaxanthin
A
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In n-heptane for 1.5h; Heating; Irradiation; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given; |
C46H42P2
(1'S,2'R,4'S,2E,4E)-5-(1',2'-Epoxy-4'-hydroxy-2',6',6'-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienal
A
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t.; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In benzene for 2h; Heating; stereomutation; further violaxanthins; iodine catalyst; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In pyridine at 73.6 - 93.9℃; Kinetics; Equilibrium constant; Thermodynamic data; other C40-carotenoids, other solvents, var. temp.; EA, ΔH, ΔS, ΔG; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In pyridine at 73.6 - 93.9℃; Kinetics; Equilibrium constant; Thermodynamic data; other C40-carotenoids, other solvents, var. temp.; EA, ΔH, ΔS, ΔG; |
(all-E,3R,3'R)-β,β-carotene-3,3'-diol 3,3'-diacetate
A
(3S,5S,6R,3'R)-antheraxanthin
B
violaxanthin B
C
violaxanthin A
D
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (all-E,3R,3'R)-β,β-carotene-3,3'-diol 3,3'-diacetate With monoperoxyphthalic acid In diethyl ether at 20℃; for 40h; Stage #2: With potassium hydroxide In methanol Further byproducts given; | A 60 mg B 75 mg C 80 mg D 10 mg |
4,4-(Ethylendioxy)-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-methanol
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 9 steps 1: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 2: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 3: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 5: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 6: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 7: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 8: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 9: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 11 steps 1: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 2: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 3: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 5: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 6: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 7: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 8: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 9: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 10: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 11: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 8 steps 1: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 2: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 3: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 5: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 6: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 7: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 8: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 12 steps 1: 36 percent / ZnCl2 / heptane; benzene / 211 h / Heating 2: 1.) CH(OEt)3; 2.) TsOH*H2O / 1.) H2SO4, 12 deg C, 1440 min; 2.) Et2O, H2O, 5 min, r.t. 3: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 4: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 5: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 6: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 8: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 9: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 10: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 11: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 12: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 14 steps 1: 36 percent / ZnCl2 / heptane; benzene / 211 h / Heating 2: 1.) CH(OEt)3; 2.) TsOH*H2O / 1.) H2SO4, 12 deg C, 1440 min; 2.) Et2O, H2O, 5 min, r.t. 3: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 4: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 5: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 6: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 8: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 9: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 10: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 11: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 12: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 13: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 14: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 11 steps 1: 36 percent / ZnCl2 / heptane; benzene / 211 h / Heating 2: 1.) CH(OEt)3; 2.) TsOH*H2O / 1.) H2SO4, 12 deg C, 1440 min; 2.) Et2O, H2O, 5 min, r.t. 3: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 4: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 5: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 6: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 8: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 9: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 10: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 11: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
4,4-(Ethylendioxy)-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-carbonsaeure-ethylester
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 10 steps 1: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 2: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 3: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 4: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 6: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 7: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 8: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 9: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 10: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 12 steps 1: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 2: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 3: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 4: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 6: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 7: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 8: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 9: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 10: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 11: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 12: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 9 steps 1: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 2: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 3: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 4: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 6: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 7: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 8: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 9: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
ethyl 2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylate
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 11 steps 1: 1.) CH(OEt)3; 2.) TsOH*H2O / 1.) H2SO4, 12 deg C, 1440 min; 2.) Et2O, H2O, 5 min, r.t. 2: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 3: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 4: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 5: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 7: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 8: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 9: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 10: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 11: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 13 steps 1: 1.) CH(OEt)3; 2.) TsOH*H2O / 1.) H2SO4, 12 deg C, 1440 min; 2.) Et2O, H2O, 5 min, r.t. 2: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 3: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 4: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 5: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 7: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 8: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 9: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 10: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 11: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 12: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 13: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 10 steps 1: 1.) CH(OEt)3; 2.) TsOH*H2O / 1.) H2SO4, 12 deg C, 1440 min; 2.) Et2O, H2O, 5 min, r.t. 2: LiAlH4 / various solvent(s) / 2.5 h / 55 °C 3: 93 percent / Ti(i-PrO), t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2; 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane / -67 °C 4: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 5: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 7: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 8: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 9: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 10: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
(-)-(1S,2R)-1,2-Epoxy-4,4-(ethylendioxy)-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-carbaldehyd
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: 15.86 g / tetrahydrofuran 2: MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.04 h 3: DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 3 h / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: 15.86 g / tetrahydrofuran 2: MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.04 h 3: DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 3 h / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 6: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 7: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 3: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(1'S,2'R,4'S,2E,4E)-5-(1',2'-Epoxy-4'-hydroxy-2',6',6'-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienal
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 3: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(+)-(1R,2R)-1,2-Epoxy-4,4-(ethylendioxy)-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-methanol
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 8 steps 1: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 2: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 4: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 5: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 6: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 7: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 8: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 10 steps 1: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 2: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 4: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 5: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 6: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 7: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 8: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 9: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 10: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: 91 percent / pyridine / 4 h / 0 °C 2: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 4: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 5: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 7: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
15,15'-Didehydroviolaxanthin
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 2: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(1'S,2'R,2E,4E)-5-(1',2'-Epoxy-2',6',6'-trimethyl-4'-oxocyclohexyl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadiensaeure-methylester
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 3 h / Ambient temperature 2: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 3 h / Ambient temperature 2: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 4: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 5: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(1R,2R)-Essigsaeure-(1,2-epoxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohexan-1-methyl)ester
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 2: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 3: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 4: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 8 steps 2: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 3: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 4: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 7: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 8: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 2: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 3: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: 93 percent / pyridine / 12 h / 4 °C 2: 96 percent / 5percent KOH / methanol 3: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 4: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 5: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 7: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 9 steps 1: 93 percent / pyridine / 12 h / 4 °C 2: 96 percent / 5percent KOH / methanol 3: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 4: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 5: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 7: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 8: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 9: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(1R,2R,4S)-1,2-Epoxy-4-pivaloyloxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-methanol
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 2: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 3: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 2: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 3: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 6: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 7: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(2E,4E)-5-[(1'S,2'R,4'S)-4'-hydroxy-1',2'-epoxy-2',6',6'-trimethylcyclohexa-1'-yl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-diene-1-ol
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 2: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 2: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 3: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 4: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 3: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 4: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 5: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 7: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 9 steps 1: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 3: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 4: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 5: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 7: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 8: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 9: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: 87 percent / MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.05 h 3: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 4: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme |
(1R,2R,4S)-1,2-Epoxy-4-pivaloyloxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-carbaldehyd
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 2: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 3: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 4: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 2: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 3: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 4: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 5: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 6: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(1R,2R,4S)-Essigsaeure-(1,2-epoxy-4-pivaloyloxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-methyl)ester
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: 96 percent / 5percent KOH / methanol 2: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 3: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 4: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 8 steps 1: 96 percent / 5percent KOH / methanol 2: oxalyl chloride, (i-Pr)2EtN, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 4 h 3: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature 4: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 7: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 8: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.04 h 2: DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 3 h / Ambient temperature 3: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 4: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: MgSO4, H2O, montmorillonite / toluene / 0.04 h 2: DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 3 h / Ambient temperature 3: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 4: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 5: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 6: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
(1'S,2'R,4'S,2E,4E)-5-(1',2'-Epoxy-4'-pivaloyloxy-2',6',6'-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-methylpenta-2,4-diensaeure-methylester
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 2: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: methanol / 30 min, -50 deg C, 2 h, -10 deg C, 12 h, r.t. View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: 94 percent / DIBAH, H2O, MeOH / diethyl ether; hexane / 1 h / Ambient temperature 2: 91 percent / MnO2 / ethyl acetate / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 70 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone, BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 4: 75 percent / H2 / Lindlar-catalyst / ethyl acetate / 0.5 h 5: 0.1percent (i-Pr)2EtN / heptane / 1.5 h / Heating; Irradiation View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With acetic anhydride In dimethyl sulfoxide Ambient temperature; | 60% |
Violaxanthin
acetic anhydride
(3S,5R,6S,3'S,5'R,6'S)-violaxanthin diacetate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine |
Violaxanthin
9-cis-violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hexane; iodine Irradiation; | |
Photoisomerization; |
Violaxanthin
auroxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ethanol; acetic acid | |
bei der Chromatographie an Kieselgel oder Kieselgur; | |
With hydrogenchloride In chloroform |
Violaxanthin
(6S,7aR)-2-[(2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-17-[(1S,4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl]-6,11,15-trimethylheptadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-2-yl]-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine; benzoyl chloride Behandeln des nach Abtrennung von Di-O-benzoyl-violaxanthin erhaltenen Reaktionsprodukts mit Natriummaethylat in Aethanol; | |
Chromatographie an Kieselgel; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine at 0℃; for 1.5h; |
Violaxanthin
A
(1'S,2'R,4'S,2E,4E)-5-(1',2'-Epoxy-4'-hydroxy-2',6',6'-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienal
B
5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-β-caroten-12'-al
C
5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-10'-apo-β-caroten-10'-al
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With zinc(II) permanganate In acetone for 1h; Ambient temperature; |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
chromoplasts from Narcissus pseudonarcissus, NAD(P)H, protoporphyrin IX; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In pyridine at 73.6 - 93.8℃; Kinetics; Equilibrium constant; Thermodynamic data; other C40-carotenoids, other solvents, var. temp.; EA, ΔH, ΔS, ΔG; |
Violaxanthin
A
auroxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; methanol |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Isomerisierung.Irradiation; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; methanol (3S,5R,8Ξ,3'R)-5,8-epoxy-5,8-dihydro-β,β-carotene-3,3'-diol; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Isomerisierung, beim Chromatographieren an Kieselgel; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With diphenyl diselenide In benzene for 27h; Irradiation; Further byproducts given; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With diphenyl diselenide In benzene for 3h; Irradiation; Further byproducts given; |
Violaxanthin
all-trans-mutatoxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: chromoplasts from Narcissus pseudonarcissus, NAD(P)H, protoporphyrin IX 2: 100 percent Spectr. / CDCl3 / 96 h View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: pyridine / 1.5 h / 0 °C 2: ozone / ethyl acetate / 0.15 h / -78 °C View Scheme |
Violaxanthin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: pyridine / 1.5 h / 0 °C 2: ozone / ethyl acetate / 0.15 h / -78 °C View Scheme |
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