Product Name

  • Name

    Atenolol

  • EINECS 249-451-7
  • CAS No. 29122-68-7
  • Article Data14
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 1.125 g/cm3
  • Solubility 0.3 mg/mL in water
  • Melting Point 154 °C
  • Formula C14H22N2O3
  • Boiling Point 508.049 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 266.34
  • Flash Point 261.059 °C
  • Transport Information
  • Appearance white to off-white crystalline solid
  • Safety 22-24/25-36-26
  • Risk Codes 22-36/37/38-20/21/22
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 29122-68-7 (Atenolol)
  • Hazard Symbols HarmfulXn
  • Synonyms Acetamide,2-[p-[2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy]phenyl]- (8CI);(RS)-Atenolol;Alinor;Altol;Anselol;Antipressan;Apo-Atenolol;AteHexal;Atecard;Atelol;Atenblock;Atendol;Atenet;Ateni;Ateno;Atenolol;Aterol;B-Vasc;Betacard;Tenormin;Tenormine;Tensimin;Tredol;Urosin;Vericordin;Xaten;1-p-Carbamoylmethylphenoxy-3-isopropylamino-2-propanol;Catenol;Catenolol;Corotenol;Farnormin;Hipres;ICI 66082;Internolol;Lo-ten;Lotenal;Normalol;Noten;Oraday;Prenormine;SelesBeta;Serten;Telol;Teno-basan;Tenolin;Tenoprin;
  • PSA 84.58000
  • LogP 1.54330

Synthetic route

1--3-chloropropan-2-ol
115538-83-5

1--3-chloropropan-2-ol

isopropylamine
75-31-0

isopropylamine

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 10℃; for 12h;95%
1-(4'-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propane
29277-73-4

1-(4'-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propane

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With bis(dimethylphosphinous acid-kP)dimethylphosphinyl-kP-hydridoplatinum(II) In ethanol; water for 72h; Reflux;93%
(S)-1-[p-(carbamoylmethyl)phenoxy]-2,3-epoxypropane
29122-69-8

(S)-1-[p-(carbamoylmethyl)phenoxy]-2,3-epoxypropane

isopropylamine
75-31-0

isopropylamine

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Sulfated tungstate at 70℃; for 0.333333h; Green chemistry;90%
Stage #1: (S)-1-[p-(carbamoylmethyl)phenoxy]-2,3-epoxypropane; isopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 12h; Sealed tube;
Stage #2: With water In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 12h; Solvent; Temperature; Sealed tube; regioselective reaction;		82.5%
In methanol for 2h; Heating; Yield given;
In methanol at 20℃; for 20h;
sodium; 4-carbamoylmethyl-phenolate

sodium; 4-carbamoylmethyl-phenolate

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: 1.) Amberlite IRA-400 / 1.) H2O, 2.) MeOH, room temperature, 10 h
2: methanol / 2 h / Heating
View Scheme
(4-hydroxyphenyl)methanol
623-05-2

(4-hydroxyphenyl)methanol

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2: bis(dimethylphosphinous acid-kP)dimethylphosphinyl-kP-hydridoplatinum(II) / ethanol; water / 18 h / Reflux
3: piperidine / 6 h / 95 - 100 °C
4: methanol / 20 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2: piperidine / 6 h / 95 - 100 °C
3: methanol / 20 h / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr
4: bis(dimethylphosphinous acid-kP)dimethylphosphinyl-kP-hydridoplatinum(II) / ethanol; water / 72 h / Reflux
View Scheme
2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide
17194-82-0

2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: piperidine / 6 h / 95 - 100 °C
2: methanol / 20 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: tetrabutylammomium bromide; sodium hydroxide / water / 50 h / 4 °C
2: water / methanol / 20 °C
3: water / 12 h / 10 °C
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1.1: potassium carbonate / acetone / 24 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux
2.1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 60 °C / Sealed tube
2.2: 12 h / 60 °C / Sealed tube
View Scheme
4-cyanomethylphenol
14191-95-8

4-cyanomethylphenol

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: bis(dimethylphosphinous acid-kP)dimethylphosphinyl-kP-hydridoplatinum(II) / ethanol; water / 18 h / Reflux
2: piperidine / 6 h / 95 - 100 °C
3: methanol / 20 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: piperidine / 6 h / 95 - 100 °C
2: methanol / 20 h / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr
3: bis(dimethylphosphinous acid-kP)dimethylphosphinyl-kP-hydridoplatinum(II) / ethanol; water / 72 h / Reflux
View Scheme
1-(4'-Cyanomethylphenoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane
35198-42-6

1-(4'-Cyanomethylphenoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: methanol / 20 h / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr
2: bis(dimethylphosphinous acid-kP)dimethylphosphinyl-kP-hydridoplatinum(II) / ethanol; water / 72 h / Reflux
View Scheme
(S)-1-[p-(carbamoylmethyl)phenoxy]-2,3-epoxypropane
29122-69-8

(S)-1-[p-(carbamoylmethyl)phenoxy]-2,3-epoxypropane

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: water / methanol / 20 °C
2: water / 12 h / 10 °C
View Scheme
1--2-acetoxy-3-chloropropane
143925-21-7

1--2-acetoxy-3-chloropropane

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: potassium carbonate; water / methanol / 2 h / 20 °C
2: water / 12 h / 10 °C
View Scheme
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

1-(4'-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propane
29277-73-4

1-(4'-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (dimethoxy)methylsilane; copper diacetate; 1,2-bis-(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 12h; Sealed tube;96%
di-tert-butyl dicarbonate
24424-99-5

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

[3-(4-carbamoylmethyl-phenoxy)-2-hydroxy-propyl]isopropyl-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
956017-06-4

[3-(4-carbamoylmethyl-phenoxy)-2-hydroxy-propyl]isopropyl-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water; tert-butyl alcohol at 20℃; for 3h;95%
(E)-3-phenylacrylic acid
140-10-3

(E)-3-phenylacrylic acid

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

(E)-N-(3-(3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-N-isopropylcinnamamide

(E)-N-(3-(3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-N-isopropylcinnamamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (benzotriazo-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h;92%
trifluoromethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
3582-05-6

trifluoromethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

2-(4-((3-isopropyl-2-oxooxazolidin-5-yl)methoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-((3-isopropyl-2-oxooxazolidin-5-yl)methoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 1h; Sealed tube;88%
ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

telmisatran
144701-48-4

telmisatran

telmisartan-atenolol-EtOH salt

telmisartan-atenolol-EtOH salt

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol at 20℃; for 15h; Concentration; Time;80%
...Expand
3,4-dimethoxy-trans-cinnamic acid
14737-89-4

3,4-dimethoxy-trans-cinnamic acid

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

(E)-N-(3-(3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-isopropylacrylamide

(E)-N-(3-(3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-isopropylacrylamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (benzotriazo-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h;80%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

telmisatran
144701-48-4

telmisatran

telmisartan-atenolol salt

telmisartan-atenolol salt

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 6h;79%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

(E)-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)acrylic acid
77124-20-0

(E)-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)acrylic acid

(E)-N-(3-(3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-N-isopropyl-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)acrylamide

(E)-N-(3-(3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-N-isopropyl-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)acrylamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (benzotriazo-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h;78%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

C8H11ClO8

C8H11ClO8

C22H32N2O11

C22H32N2O11

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol for 2h;76%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

(S)-Atenolol
93379-54-5

(S)-Atenolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Rhizopus arrhizus In phosphate buffer; butan-1-ol for 144h; pH=7.0; Product distribution; Further Variations:; pH-values; Reagents; biodegradation;75%
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: Pseudomonas cepacia lipase/diatomite / tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 20 °C / Enzymatic reaction
2: K2CO3; MeOH
View Scheme
With lipoprotein burkholderia sp In tetrahydrofuran at 40℃; for 24h; Enzymatic reaction; enantioselective reaction;n/a
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

N-methyl-N-phenyl-vinylsulfonamide
28792-97-4

N-methyl-N-phenyl-vinylsulfonamide

C23H33N3O5S

C23H33N3O5S

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃;73%
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

2-[4-(3-isopropyl-oxazolidin-5-ylmethoxy)-phenyl]-acetamide
29121-59-3

2-[4-(3-isopropyl-oxazolidin-5-ylmethoxy)-phenyl]-acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hydroxide; sodium sulfate In methanol for 8h; Heating;70.4%
cobalt(II) chloride dihydrate

cobalt(II) chloride dihydrate

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

[Co(4-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]benzeneacetamide(-1H))2(H2O)2]
796073-42-2

[Co(4-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]benzeneacetamide(-1H))2(H2O)2]

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water; acetonitrile to soln. of ligand in H2O/MeCN (1/5 v/v) soln. of metal salt in MeCN/H2O(5/1, v/v) added; mixt. stirred for 30 min at room temp.; ppt. filtered; washed (MeCN/H2O, 1:1 v/v); dried (vac., P4O10) for several ds; elem. anal.;65%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

copper(II) acetate monohydrate
6046-93-1

copper(II) acetate monohydrate

[Cu2(4-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]benzeneacetamide(-1H))2(OAc)2]
796073-41-1

[Cu2(4-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]benzeneacetamide(-1H))2(OAc)2]

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol to soln. of ligand in MeOH added dropwise soln. of metal salt in MeOH; mixt. stirred for 20 min at room temp.; ppt. filtered; washed (MeOH/H2O, 1:1 v/v); dried (vac., P4O10) for several ds; elem. anal.;65%
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

N-Hydroxymethyl-2-[4-(3-isopropyl-oxazolidin-5-ylmethoxy)-phenyl]-acetamide

N-Hydroxymethyl-2-[4-(3-isopropyl-oxazolidin-5-ylmethoxy)-phenyl]-acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol for 8h; Heating;61%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

(+/-)-O-Demethylmetoprolol

(+/-)-O-Demethylmetoprolol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With samarium diiodide; water; triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 23℃; for 18h; Inert atmosphere; chemoselective reaction;61%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

copper(II) acetate monohydrate
6046-93-1

copper(II) acetate monohydrate

[Cu(4-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]benzeneacetamide)4][OAc]2

[Cu(4-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]benzeneacetamide)4][OAc]2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol to soln. of ligand in MeOH added dropwise soln. of metal salt in MeOH; mixt. stirred for 48 h at 4°C; ppt. filtered; washed (MeOH/H2O, 1:1 v/v); dried (vac., P4O10) for several ds; elem. anal.;52%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

1-{[(4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyl]oxy}ethyl acetate
101623-68-1

1-{[(4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyl]oxy}ethyl acetate

4-<2-hydroxy-3--N-isopropylamino>propoxy>benzeneacetamide
101623-75-0

4-<2-hydroxy-3--N-isopropylamino>propoxy>benzeneacetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide Ambient temperature;32%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

4-<2-hydroxy-3--N-isopropylamino>propoxy>benzeneacetamide
101623-75-0

4-<2-hydroxy-3--N-isopropylamino>propoxy>benzeneacetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
32%
3-Bromoindan-1-one
40774-41-2

3-Bromoindan-1-one

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

2-(4-{2-hydroxy-3-[isopropyl-(3-oxoindan-1-yl)amino]propoxy}phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-{2-hydroxy-3-[isopropyl-(3-oxoindan-1-yl)amino]propoxy}phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0℃;11.8%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

3-chlorophenyl-isothiocyanate
2392-68-9

3-chlorophenyl-isothiocyanate

2-(4-(3-(3-(3'-chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-(3-(3-(3'-chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 80℃;0.98%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

phenyl isothiocyanate
103-72-0

phenyl isothiocyanate

2-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(1-isopropyl-3-phenylthioureido)propoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(1-isopropyl-3-phenylthioureido)propoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 80℃;0.95%
2-chlorophenylisothiocyanate
2740-81-0

2-chlorophenylisothiocyanate

(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

2-(4-(3-(3-(2'-chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-(3-(3-(2'-chlorophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 80℃;0.95%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

2,4-difluorophenyl isothiocyanate
141106-52-7

2,4-difluorophenyl isothiocyanate

2-(4-(3-(3-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-(3-(3-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 80℃;0.95%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

1-bromo-2-isothiocyanatobenzene
13037-60-0

1-bromo-2-isothiocyanatobenzene

2-(4-(3-(3-(2'-bromophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-(3-(3-(2'-bromophenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 80℃;0.94%
(RS)-atenolol
29122-68-7

(RS)-atenolol

1-ethoxy-4-isothiocyanatobenzene
3460-49-9

1-ethoxy-4-isothiocyanatobenzene

2-(4-(3-(3-(4'-ethoxyphenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

2-(4-(3-(3-(4'-ethoxyphenyl)-1-isopropylthioureido)-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)acetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 80℃;0.94%

Atenolol Specification

The IUPAC name of Atenolol is 2-[4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl]acetamide. With the CAS registry number 29122-68-7, it is also named as 1-p-Carbamoylmethylphenoxy-3-isopropylamino-2-propanol. The product's categories are Pharmaceutical; Intermediates & Fine Chemicals; Pharmaceuticals; API's; Adrenoceptor. Besides, it is white to off-white crystalline solid, which should be stored in tightly sealed container in a cool, dry place. And you should ensure that the workplaces have good ventilated or exhaust devices. In addition, its molecular formula is C14H22N2O3 and molecular weight is 266.34.

The other characteristics of this product can be summarized as: (1)EINECS: 249-451-7; (2)ACD/LogP: 0.34; (3)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1; (8)#H bond acceptors: 5; (9)#H bond donors: 4; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 9; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.54; (12)Molar Refractivity: 74.257 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 236.659 cm3; (14)Surface Tension: 45.019 dyne/cm; (15)Density: 1.125 g/cm3; (16)Flash Point: 261.059 °C; (17)Melting Point: 154 °C; (18)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 81.95 kJ/mol; (19)Boiling Point: 508.049 °C at 760 mmHg; (20)Solubility: H2O: 0.3 mg/mL; (21)Vapour Pressure: 0 mmHg at 25 °C.

Uses of Atenolol: this chemical is a selective β1 receptor antagonist, which is used primarily in cardiovascular diseases. It is also used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases and conditions such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, angina (chest pain) and used to treat and reduce the risk of heart complications following myocardial infarction (heart attack). Additionally, it can be used for the treatment of symptoms of Graves Disease. Furthermore, it can be used to produce S(-)-Atenolol.



This reaction needs Rhizopus arrhizus, aq. Phosphate buffer and Butan-1-ol for 6 days. The yield is 75 %.

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following: it is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin and harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. In case of contact with eyes, please rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. And you should wear suitable protective clothing to avoid contact with skin and eyes. Moreover, please do not breathe dust.

People can use the following data to convert to the molecule structure.
(1)SMILES: CC(C)NCC(COc1ccc(cc1)CC(=O)N)O
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C14H22N2O3/c1-10(2)16-8-12(17)9-19-13-5-3-11(4-6-13)7-14(15)18/h3-6,10,12,16-17H,7-9H2,1-2H3,(H2,15,18)
(3)InChIKey: METKIMKYRPQLGS-UHFFFAOYAT
(4)Std. InChI: InChI=1S/C14H22N2O3/c1-10(2)16-8-12(17)9-19-13-5-3-11(4-6-13)7-14(15)18/h3-6,10,12,16-17H,7-9H2,1-2H3,(H2,15,18)
(5)Std. InChIKey: METKIMKYRPQLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
man TDLo oral 10204ug/kg (10.204mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: COMA

CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION		 Anesthesiology. Vol. 83, Pg. 204, 1995.
man TDLo oral 49mg/kg/30D-I (49mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT Journal of Clinical Pyschopharmacology. Vol. 6, Pg. 390, 1986.
man TDLo oral 86mg/kg/60D-I (86mg/kg) BLOOD: "CHANGES IN SERUM COMPOSITION (E.G., TP, BILIRUBIN, CHOLESTEROL)" American Journal of Medicine. Vol. 85, Pg. 586, 1988.
man TDLo oral 129mg/kg/26W- (129mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: COUGH

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA		 Annales de Medecine Interne. Vol. 148, Pg. 505, 1997.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 134mg/kg (134mg/kg)   Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. Vol. (4), Pg. 33, 1995.
mouse LD50 intravenous 57mg/kg (57mg/kg) PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 4579, 1980.
mouse LD50 oral 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA		 Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 4579, 1980.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous > 400mg/kg (400mg/kg)   Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 4579, 1980.
rabbit LD50 intravenous 50mg/kg (50mg/kg)   Drugs. International Journal of Current Therapeutics and Applied Pharmacology Reviews. Vol. 17, Pg. 425, 1979.
rat LD50 intravenous 77mg/kg (77mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES		 Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 4579, 1980.
rat LD50 oral > 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg)   Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 4579, 1980.
rat LD50 subcutaneous > 600mg/kg (600mg/kg)   Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 4579, 1980.
women TDLo oral 16mg/kg (16mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY OBSTRUCTION Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 14, Pg. 161, 1985.
women TDLo oral 42mg/kg/3W-I (42mg/kg)   British Medical Journal. Vol. 294, Pg. 1324, 1987.
women TDLo oral 1080mg/kg/78W (1080mg/kg) BLOOD: LEUKOPENIA

MUSCULOSKELETAL: OTHER CHANGES

SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE"		 Journal of Rheumatology. Vol. 13, Pg. 446, 1986.

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