Cisplatin supplier | CasNO.15663-27-1

Name
Cisplatin
EINECS 239-733-8
CAS No. 15663-27-1
Article Data205
CAS DataBase
Density 3.7 g/cm³
Solubility <0.1 g/100 mL at 19 °C in water
Melting Point 340 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Formula Cl₂H₆N₂Pt
Boiling Point
Molecular Weight 300.047
Flash Point
Transport Information UN 3288 6.1/PG 2
Appearance Orange-yellow to deep yellow solid or powder
Safety 53-26-39-45-99-36/37/39-22
Risk Codes 45-25-41-60-46-42/43-36/37/38
Molecular Structure
Hazard Symbols T
Synonyms Neoplatin;Platosin;cis-dichlorodi-ammine platinum(ii);cis-Diammineplatinum(II) dichloride;cis-Dichlorodiamminoplatinum(II);CPDD;cisPt(II);cis-Platinum(II) diaminodichloride;Platinum(II), diamminedichloro-, cis-;Biocisplatinum;Cisplatyl;DDP (antitumor agent);Cisplatinum;azane; platinum(+2) cation; dichloride;
PSA 24.72000
LogP 2.02430

Synthetic route

: ammonium acetate

: 10025-99-7
potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II)

: potassium chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water at 100℃; for 0.233333h; Temperature; Time; Concentration; Microwave irradiation;	90%

...Expand

: 7647-01-0
hydrogenchloride

: pyrophosphatotetraamminediplatinum(II)

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In hydrogenchloride Pt complex transformed in HCl soln. at 25°C with no oxidants;	85%

: cis-diaminediiodoplatinum(II)

: potassium chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: cis-diaminediiodoplatinum(II) With silver nitrate In water at 80℃; for 2h; Stage #2: potassium chloride at 80℃; for 0.166667h;	73%
Stage #1: cis-diaminediiodoplatinum(II) With silver nitrate In water at 80℃; for 0.333333h; Darkness; Stage #2: potassium chloride at 0℃; for 0.25h;	60%
Stage #1: cis-diaminediiodoplatinum(II) With silver nitrate In water at 50℃; for 24h; Stage #2: potassium chloride
Stage #1: cis-diaminediiodoplatinum(II) With silver nitrate In water at 70℃; for 1.5h; Darkness; Stage #2: potassium chloride In water at 70℃; for 1h; Darkness;

: ammonium platinum(II) chloride

: 7664-41-7
ammonia

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water byproducts: {Pt(NH3)4}{PtCl4}; mixing of a soln. of (NH4)2(PtCl4) in cold H2O with 5 n NH3 soln. and storing for 12-18 h at 0°C;; washing with ice water and treatment on a filter with boiling H2O; addn. of half concd. HCl soln. to the soln. and filtration after 24 h; washing with ice water, then with alcohol; drying in air;;	66.7%
In water byproducts: {Pt(NH3)4}{PtCl4}; mixing of a soln. of (NH4)2(PtCl4) in cold H2O with 5 n NH3 soln. and storing for 12-18 h at 0°C;; washing with ice water and treatment on a filter with boiling H2O; addn. of half concd. HCl soln. to the soln. and filtration after 24 h; washing with ice water, then with alcohol; drying in air;;	66.7%
With NH4-oxalate In water formation from (NH4)2(PtCl4), aq. NH4 oxalate and NH3 soln.;;
With NH4-oxalate In water formation from (NH4)2(PtCl4), aq. NH4 oxalate and NH3 soln.;;

: cis-diaminediiodoplatinum(II)

: 7647-14-5
sodium chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With silver nitrate In N,N-dimethyl acetamide; water at 60℃; Darkness;	61.7%

: ammonium acetate

: 7647-01-0
hydrogenchloride

: magnus green salt

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 26035-31-4, 14913-33-8, 15663-27-1
transplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With acetic acid In water Magnus salt suspended in water; ammmonium acetate added; pH adjusted to 5.4 (acetic acid); mixt. heated for 1 h; cooled; filtered; concd. HCl added; cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 sepd.; soln. heated at about 95°C for 1.5 h; cooled; trans-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 sepd.; elem. anal.;	A 40% B 39%

...Expand

: cis-{Pt(glycyl-α-alanine)2(NH3)2}*H2O

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With HCl In not given Joergensen splitting in the presence of concd. HCl;	10%

: cis-diamminediaquaplatinum(II)

: potassium chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: ammonium carbonate

: hydrogen chloroplatinate(II)

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In not given pptn. from H2(PtCl4) soln. with (NH4)2CO3;;
In not given pptn. from H2(PtCl4) soln. with (NH4)2CO3;;

: hydrogen chloroplatinate(II)

: 7664-41-7
ammonia

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In ammonia byproducts: {Pt(NH3)4}Cl2*H2O; formation by treating of H2(PtCl4) soln. with excess NH3;;
In ammonia byproducts: {Pt(NH3)4}{PtCl4}; formation by treating a cold H2(PtCl4) soln. with NH3 soln.;; recrystn. of the ppt. in boiling H2O;;
In not given addn. of NH3 to H2(PtCl4);;
In ammonia byproducts: {Pt(NH3)4}Cl2*H2O; aq. ammonia=NH3; formation by treating of H2(PtCl4) soln. with excess NH3;;
In ammonia byproducts: {Pt(NH3)4}{PtCl4}; aq. ammonia=NH3; formation by treating a cold H2(PtCl4) soln. with NH3 soln.;; recrystn. of the ppt. in boiling H2O;;

: 96528-28-8
Pt(NH3)2Cl2*HCON(CH3)2

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In solid Pt-complex was kept under high vac. for 20 h;

: 41575-87-5, 14286-03-4, 74006-35-2
cis-diaminedinitroplatinum(II)

: 16887-00-6
chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In not given formation by addn. of a soln. of a sol. chloride to a cis-(Pt(NH3)2(NO3)2) soln.;;
In not given formation by addn. of a soln. of a sol. chloride to a cis-(Pt(NH3)2(NO3)2) soln.;;

: 7647-01-0
hydrogenchloride

: 41575-87-5, 14286-03-4, 74006-35-2
cis-diaminedinitroplatinum(II)

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water OH-complex soln. (obtained from NO3-complex on anion exchange resin) titrated with HCl; not isolated;;	>99
In hydrogenchloride formation by addn. of HCl soln. to a cis-(Pt(NH3)2(NO3)2) soln.;;
In hydrogenchloride formation by addn. of HCl soln. to a cis-(Pt(NH3)2(NO3)2) soln.;;

: {Pta2SO4}

: 16887-00-6
chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In not given formation by addn. of a sol. chloride soln. to a (Pt(NH3)2SO4) soln.;;
In not given formation by addn. of a sol. chloride soln. to a (Pt(NH3)2SO4) soln.;;

: 7647-01-0
hydrogenchloride

: Pt(2+)*2NH3*C15H14N3O2(1-)=[Pt(NH3)2(C15H14N3O2)](1+)

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In hydrogenchloride heating on water bath (3 h);

: potassium amminetrichloroplatinate

: 7664-41-7
ammonia

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water formation by addn. of NH3 to an aq. K(Pt(NH3)Cl3) soln.;;
In water formation by addn. of NH3 to an aq. K(Pt(NH3)Cl3) soln.;;
In water

: ammonium acetate

: ammonium platinum(II) chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium chloride In water mixing of a soln. of (NH4)2(PtCl4) in H2O with 20% ammonium acetate soln. and heating; addn. of KCl before boiling; boiling for 1 1/2 h and fast filtration; pptn. by cooling down of the filtrate;; recrystn. by H2O contg. HCl;;
With KCl In water mixing of a soln. of (NH4)2(PtCl4) in H2O with 20% ammonium acetate soln. and heating; addn. of KCl before boiling; boiling for 1 1/2 h and fast filtration; pptn. by cooling down of the filtrate;; recrystn. by H2O contg. HCl;;

: ammonium acetate

: 10025-99-7
potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II)

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium chloride In water mixing of a soln. of K2(PtCl4) in H2O with 20% NH4 acetate soln. and heating; addn. of KCl before boiling; boiling for 1 1/2 h and fast filtration; pptn. by cooling down the filtrate;; recrystn. by H2O contg. HCl;;	70-75
With KCl In water other Radiation; K2PtCl4, NH4CH3COO and KCl (1:4.3:5.5) in H2O microwave heated at 100°C for 5-15 min; cooled to 60°C cooled to room temp., cooled on ice bath, pptd., filtered, washed (ice bath), mother liquor concd., washed (0.1 M HCl), elem. anal.;	0%
With KCl In water mixing of a soln. of K2(PtCl4) in H2O with 20% NH4 acetate soln. and heating; addn. of KCl before boiling; boiling for 1 1/2 h and fast filtration; pptn. by cooling down the filtrate;; recrystn. by H2O contg. HCl;;	70-75

: 63700-88-9, 97805-43-1, 14286-04-5
cisplatin

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium chloride In perchloric acid Kinetics; chloride anation (25.0, 35.5, 40.1, 41.0, 45.0, 45.8, 49.7, 50.2, 54.7 and 55.1°C, ionic strength 0.1 M); not isolated; UV/VIS monitoring (240 and 280 nm);
With sodium chloride In perchloric acid Kinetics; chloride anation (41.0, 45.8, 50.2 and 55.1°C, ionic strengt 0.05, 0.10 and 1.0 M); not isolated; UV/VIS monitoring (240 and 280 nm);

: 7647-01-0
hydrogenchloride

: {Pta2SO4}

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In hydrogenchloride formation by addn. of HCl soln. to a (Pt(NH3)2SO4) soln.;;
In hydrogenchloride formation by addn. of HCl soln. to a (Pt(NH3)2SO4) soln.;;

: 57063-91-9, 13820-36-5, 95979-40-1, 57063-90-8
{Pt(NH3)4}(2+)*{CuCl4}(2-)={Pt(NH3)4}{CuCl4}

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen sulfide In not given formation by effect of H2S on (Pt(NH3)4)(CuCl4);;
With H2S In not given formation by effect of H2S on (Pt(NH3)4)(CuCl4);;

: {PtPda2Cl4}

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water byproducts: H2{PdCl4}; decomposition on heating with H2O;;
With hydrogenchloride In hydrogenchloride byproducts: H2{PdCl4}; decomposition on heating with dild. HCl-soln.;;
In water byproducts: H2{PdCl4}; decomposition on heating with H2O;;
With HCl In hydrogenchloride byproducts: H2{PdCl4}; decomposition on heating with dild. HCl-soln.;;

: {Pta4mc2}Cl2

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In hydrogenchloride effect of boiling HCl-soln.;;
With HCl In hydrogenchloride effect of boiling HCl-soln.;;

: ammonium platinum(II) chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water formation on heating of (NH4)2(PtCl4) in H2O in a closed tube at 140°C for several days;;
With potassium hydroxide In not given formation by addn. of KOH to a (NH4)2(PtCl4) soln.;;
In water formation on heating of (NH4)2(PtCl4) in H2O in a closed tube at 140°C for several days;;
With KOH In not given formation by addn. of KOH to a (NH4)2(PtCl4) soln.;;

: 10025-99-7
potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II)

: 7664-41-7
ammonia

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water formation from aq. solns. of K2(PtCl4) and NH3;;
With ammonium chloride In not given
With NH4Cl In not given
In water formation from aq. solns. of K2(PtCl4) and NH3;;

: 10025-99-7
potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II)

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia; ammonium chloride In hydrogenchloride byproducts: [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl4];
In not given as in: Dhara, S. C. Indian J. Chem. 1970, 8, 193-194;

: 77009-66-6
[(1-methylthyminato-N3)(1-methylthymine-N3)cis-diammineplatinum(II)]Cl

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With HCl In hydrogenchloride byproducts: 1-methylthymine; excess HCl; slow evapn.;

: cis-{Pt(NH3)2(CN)2}

: ammonium chloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With silver nitrate In not given byproducts: AgCN, AgCl; boiling with AgNO3 ppts. AgCN; addn. of NH4Cl to the filtrate ppts. AgCl, then cis-(Pt(NH3)2Cl2);;
With AgNO3 In not given byproducts: AgCN, AgCl; boiling with AgNO3 ppts. AgCN; addn. of NH4Cl to the filtrate ppts. AgCl, then cis-(Pt(NH3)2Cl2);;

: 16893-05-3, 16893-06-4, 16949-90-9
cis-diaammineplatinum(IV) tetrachloride

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium chloride; ascorbic acid In water Kinetics; byproducts: dehydroascorbic acid; under Ar, protected from exposure to daylight; Pt complex in acetate or phosphate buffer contg. Na2H2(edta) (pH 4.01-7.16) reduced with L-ascorbic acid at 25°C; ionic strength 1.0 M (NaCl); monitored spectrophotometrically;
With 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol In hydrogenchloride byproducts: HCl; kinetics of redn. of cis Pt(NH3)2Cl4 in aq. HCl with 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol was studied; UV/Vis spectroscopy;

: 16893-05-3, 16893-06-4, 16949-90-9
cis-diaammineplatinum(IV) tetrachloride

: 85886-74-4
{(NH3)2Pt(1-MeU)2Pt(NH3)2}(NO3)2*H2O

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: {{(NH3)2Pt(1-MeU)2Pt(NH3)2}2}(NO3)5*5H2O

...Expand

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 44046-04-0, 44046-05-1, 53861-42-0
cis-diammineaquachloroplatinum(II)(1+)

: cis-diamminediaquaplatinum(II)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide; perchloric acid In perchloric acid Kinetics; byproducts: Cl(1-); hydrolysis of PtCl2(NH3)2 with NaOH (48 h at room temp.), addn. of HClO4, anating at room temp. for 48 h, equil. react.; determination by spectrophotometry;	A 2% B 98%
In N,N-dimethyl-formamide Kinetics; 318.2 K; high-pressure liquid chromy.;

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 17356-08-0
thiourea

: 68-12-2, 33513-42-7
N,N-dimethyl-formamide

: Pt(thu)4Cl2*dmf

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In N,N-dimethyl-formamide thiourea and cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 stirred in dmf for 16 h; ppt. filtered off, washed with dmf, ethanol and air dried; elem. anal.;	98%

...Expand

: 110-86-1
pyridine

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 7732-18-5
water

: 7782-50-5
chlorine

: trans(*)-[Pt((pyridine)(NH3))(*)2Cl(*)2]Cl2*3H2O*0.5HCl

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In water stoich. amt. of pyridine and water added to Pt complex; heated on water bath until dissolving (for 20 min); acidified with HCl; gaseous Cl2 passed through soln. for 5 min; heated on water bath for 10 min; filtered; soln. concd. on rotary evaporator; EtOH added twice; evapd.; washed with acetone; dried in desiccator over KOH; elem. anal.;	98%

...Expand

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 64-17-5
ethanol

: 7722-84-1
dihydrogen peroxide

: c,c,t-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2(OH)(OEt)]

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 70℃; for 5h; Darkness;	98%
at 70℃; for 6h;

...Expand

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: silver perchlorate

: 124398-54-5
10,10-dimethyl-9,11-dioxo-1,5-dithia-8,12-diazacyclotetradecane

: cis-{Pt(6,6-dimethyl-5,7-dioxo-1,11-dithia-4,8-diazacyclotetradecane)(NH3)2}(ClO4)2

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In methanol byproducts: AgCl; suspn. of Pt-complex in CH3OH, addn. of AgClO4, stirring at room temp. for 24 h, filtration (AgCl), addn. of ligand to the filtrate, react. for 1 h; pptn. by addn. of Et2O, drying in vac.; elem. anal.;	97%

...Expand

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 7722-84-1
dihydrogen peroxide

: 125074-46-6, 31246-62-5, 31246-63-6, 31246-66-9, 53261-25-9
(OC-6-33)-(diammine)dichloridodihydroxidoplatinum(IV)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water at 60℃; for 1h;	97%
at 70℃; for 5h; Darkness;	93.3%
In water at 25℃; for 24h;	90.3%

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 7722-84-1
dihydrogen peroxide

: 64-19-7
acetic acid

: (OC‑6‑44)‑acetatodiamminedichloridohydroxido platinum(IV)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 35 - 40℃;	96%
In water at 20℃; for 4h;
at 20℃;
at 20℃; for 4h;

...Expand

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 64-19-7
acetic acid

: ctc-[Pt(NH3)2(OH)(acetato)Cl2]

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With dihydrogen peroxide at 60℃; for 4h;	96%
With dihydrogen peroxide In water at 20℃; for 3h; Darkness;	78%
With dihydrogen peroxide

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 7722-84-1
dihydrogen peroxide

: cis,cis,trans-diamminedichlorodihydroxy platinum(IV)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 80℃; for 8h; Darkness;	95%
at 75℃; for 5h;	95.8%
In water at 70℃; for 0.25h; Sealed tube; Microwave irradiation;	92%

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: 7732-18-5
water

: 16836-95-6
silver(I) 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

: cis-(diammine-diaqua)platinum di-(p-toluenesulfonate)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 70℃; for 6h; Inert atmosphere;	95.1%

...Expand

: 15663-27-1
cisplatin

: silver nitrate

: 117228-94-1
cis-diamminechloro(nitrato)platinum(II)

B: silver(I) chloride

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In water suspn. cis-(PtCl2(NH3)2) in water was treated with AgNO3 at room temp. in the dark and stirred for 12 h; ppt. was filtered off, filtrate was evapd. to dryness; elem. anal.;	A 95% B n/a

...Expand

Cisplatin History

The compound cis-PtC_l2(NH₃)₂was first described by M. Peyrone in 1845. Approved for clinical use by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1978.

Cisplatin Specification

The Cisplatin, with the CAS registry number 15663-27-1,is also known as cis-Diaminedichloroplatinum(II). It belongs to the product categories of ammine metal halide;Anti Cancer Reagents;chemical reaction,pharm,electronic,materials. Its EINECS number is 239-733-8. This chemical's molecular formula is Cl2H6N2Pt and molecular weight is 300.05. What's more,Its systematic name is Cisplatin.It is a Crystalline which is an inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES:[NH3][Pt]([NH3])(Cl)Cl;
(2)Std. InChI:InChI=1S/2ClH.2H3N.Pt/h2*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;+2/p-2;
(3)Std. InChIKey:LXZZYRPGZAFOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L;

Safety Information of Cisplatin:
The Cisplatin is Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin and it may cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. so it should avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. It is risk of serious damage to the eyes. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. When you use it ,wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)

The toxicity data of Cisplatin are as follows:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
child	TDLo	unreported	19200ug/kg/12 (19.2mg/kg)	SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CHANGE IN ACUITY: EAR	Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 103, Pg. 1006, 1983.
dog	LDLo	intravenous	2500ug/kg (2.5mg/kg)	KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" BLOOD: METHEMOGLOBINEMIA-CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES	Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 25, Pg. 230, 1973.
frog	LD50	parenteral	17mg/kg (17mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)"	Journal of Comparative Pathology. Vol. 103, Pg. 387, 1990.
guinea pig	LD50	intraperitoneal	9700ug/kg (9.7mg/kg)	SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CHANGE IN ACUITY: EAR	Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 33, Pg. 320, 1975.
human	TDLo	intradermal	40ng/kg (.00004mg/kg)	SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): PRIMARY IRRITATION: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): CORROSIVE: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE	Cancer Research. Vol. 35, Pg. 2766, 1975.
human	TDLo	intravenous	500ug/kg/13D- (.5mg/kg)	BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: RENAL FUNCTION TESTS DEPRESSED	Cancer Treatment Reports. Vol. 62, Pg. 693, 1978.
human	TDLo	intravenous	1500ug/kg/6D- (1.5mg/kg)	BLOOD: CHANGES IN BONE MARROW NOT INCLUDED ABOVE KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: RENAL FUNCTION TESTS DEPRESSED SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CHANGE IN ACUITY: EAR	Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 1. Vol. 57, Pg. 191, 1973.
human	TDLo	intravenous	2500ug/kg (2.5mg/kg)	KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: RENAL FUNCTION TESTS DEPRESSED BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS" GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 1. Vol. 59, Pg. 647, 1975.
human	TDLo	intravenous	72mg/kg/25D-I (72mg/kg)	GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Cancer Treatment Reports. Vol. 62, Pg. 1591, 1978.
mammal (species unspecified)	LDLo	intravenous	8mg/kg (8mg/kg)	GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 28(4), Pg. 285, 2000.
man	TDLo	intravenous	2140ug/kg/5D- (2.14mg/kg)	KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)"	Japanese Journal of Medicine. Vol. 23, Pg. 283, 1984.
man	TDLo	parenteral	2140ug/kg/5D- (2.14mg/kg)	KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)"	Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine. Vol. 72, Pg. 1426, 1983.
monkey	LDLo	intravenous	250ug/kg (.25mg/kg)		Cancer Vol. 33, Pg. 1219, 1974.
mouse	LD50	intramuscular	17900ug/kg (17.9mg/kg)	GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) BLOOD: NORMOCYTIC ANEMIA	Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 10, Pg. 723, 1982.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	6600ug/kg (6.6mg/kg)		Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 34, Pg. 414, 1991.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	11mg/kg (11mg/kg)		Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. Vol. 7, Pg. 90, 1984.
mouse	LD50	oral	32700ug/kg (32.7mg/kg)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME INCREASED	Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 15, Pg. 5669, 1981.
mouse	LD50	parenteral	22mg/kg (22mg/kg)		International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1417, 1979.
mouse	LD50	subcutaneous	13mg/kg (13mg/kg)		Journal de Pharmacie de Belgique. Vol. 41, Pg. 286, 1986.
mouse	LD50	unreported	10900ug/kg (10.9mg/kg)		Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer and Chemotherapy. Vol. 13, Pg. 280, 1986.
rat	LD	unreported	> 5mg/kg (5mg/kg)	KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)"	Journal of Toxicological Sciences. Vol. 24, Pg. 337, 1999.
rat	LD50	intramuscular	9200ug/kg (9.2mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) BLOOD: NORMOCYTIC ANEMIA GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"	Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 10, Pg. 723, 1982.
rat	LD50	intraperitoneal	6400ug/kg (6.4mg/kg)		Journal of Toxicological Sciences. Vol. 18, Pg. 31, 1993.
rat	LD50	intravenous	8mg/kg (8mg/kg)	KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES	JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Vol. 67, Pg. 201, 1981.
rat	LD50	oral	25800ug/kg (25.8mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" BLOOD: NORMOCYTIC ANEMIA	Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 10, Pg. 723, 1982.
rat	LD50	subcutaneous	8100ug/kg (8.1mg/kg)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME INCREASED	Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 15, Pg. 5669, 1981.

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