(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychroman-4-one
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal In tetrahydrofuran; methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | 90% |
With palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen In tetrahydrofuran; methanol for 48h; Inert atmosphere; | 85% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1.1: K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 130 °C 1.2: 81 percent / NaH / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 20 °C 2.1: 85 percent / Pb3O4 / benzene / 3 h / 75 - 80 °C 3.1: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 20 °C 4.1: 85 percent / tetrapropylammonium perruthenate; 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide; MgSO4 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 5.1: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / 20 °C View Scheme | |
With extract of Burkholderia oxyphila OX-01, Japan, Tsukuba, acidic forest soil In aq. phosphate buffer at 28℃; for 3h; pH=7; | |
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 20 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil / 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.2: 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / dichloromethane; 1,4-dioxane; water / 8 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 48 h / Inert atmosphere View Scheme |
(2R,3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 2"-acetylrhamnoside
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid In 1,4-dioxane at 100℃; for 1h; |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride at 55℃; for 0.5h; pH=< 1; | 55% |
taxifolin O-α-D-glucoside
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With water; Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase at 30℃; for 18h; pH=7.3; Enzymatic reaction; Potassium phosphate buffer; |
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1[2H]-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With extract of Burkholderia oxyphila OX-01, Japan, Tsukuba, acidic forest soil In aq. phosphate buffer at 30℃; for 3h; pH=7; |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane at 0 - 5℃; for 5h; Large scale; | 41.3 kg |
1-(2',4',6'-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanone
3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: 1-(2',4',6'-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanone; 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde With rac-Pro-OH In tetrahydrofuran at 85 - 100℃; for 6h; Stage #2: With acetic acid In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 2h; Solvent; Temperature; | 36.7 g |
(-)-chalcone epoxide
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride In methanol at 50℃; for 0.333333h; | 82% |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid; water for 2h; Hydrolysis; Heating; | 70% |
With hesperidinase In water at 37℃; for 36h; | 37 mg |
With hydrogenchloride; water In methanol at 80℃; for 0.75h; Kinetics; Activation energy; Temperature; Concentration; |
3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxy flavanone
A
(2S,3S)-taxifolin 3-O-β-D-glucoside
B
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With DAICEL CHIRALPAK IA In ethanol; hexane Resolution of racemate; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hesperidase In water at 37℃; for 456h; enzimatic hydrolysis; | A 23 mg B 48 mg |
With hydrogenchloride In water at 50℃; for 16h; | A 15 mg B 32 mg |
(2R,3S)-3,5,7-tris(benzyloxy)-2-(3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenyl)chroman
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: 85 percent / Pb3O4 / benzene / 3 h / 75 - 80 °C 2: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 20 °C 3: 85 percent / tetrapropylammonium perruthenate; 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide; MgSO4 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 4: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / 20 °C View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / dichloromethane; 1,4-dioxane; water / 8 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 48 h / Inert atmosphere View Scheme |
(+)-3',4',3,5,7-penta-O-benzyl-(4S)-hydroxycatechine
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 85 percent / tetrapropylammonium perruthenate; 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide; MgSO4 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 2: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / 20 °C View Scheme |
(+)-(4S)-acetoxy-3',4',3,5,7-penta-O-benzylcatechine
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 20 °C 2: 85 percent / tetrapropylammonium perruthenate; 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide; MgSO4 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 3: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / 20 °C View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: aluminum (III) chloride / dichloromethane / 2 h / 5 - 10 °C / Large scale 1.2: 4 h / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale 2.1: 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / methanol / 4 h / 5 - 15 °C / Large scale 3.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 5 h / 0 - 5 °C / Large scale View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.17 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 5 h / -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride / dichloromethane / 0.08 h / -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.2: -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide / methanol / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid In ethanol; water for 3h; Heating; | A 12 mg B 32 mg |
(E)-3-(3,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-1-(2,4,6-tris(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: sodium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide / methanol / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1.1: sulfuric acid / methanol / 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / Inert atmosphere 3.1: trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride / dichloromethane / 0.08 h / -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.2: -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: sodium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide / methanol / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-benzyl-(+)-catechin
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil / 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / dichloromethane; 1,4-dioxane; water / 8 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 48 h / Inert atmosphere View Scheme |
1,3,5-tris(methoxymethoxy)benzene
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride / dichloromethane / 0.08 h / -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide / methanol / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
(E)-3-(3,4-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)acrylic acid
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride / dichloromethane / 0.08 h / -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide / methanol / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / Inert atmosphere 2.1: trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride / dichloromethane / 0.08 h / -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.2: -5 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide / methanol / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: Resolution of racemate View Scheme |
A
D-glucose
B
(-)-epitaxifolin
C
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pectinase In water Ambient temperature; | A n/a B 20 mg C 3 g |
(+/-)-taxifolin
A
(2S,3S)-taxifolin 3-O-β-D-glucoside
B
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With acetic acid In water; acetonitrile Resolution of racemate; | |
Resolution of racemate; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water at 37℃; for 1h; hesperidinase; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given; |
(2R,3R)-(+)-dihydroquercetin-3-β-D-glucopyranoside
A
D-glucose
B
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid In ethanol for 2h; Heating; | A n/a B 48 mg |
caffeic acid chloride
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: aluminum (III) chloride / dichloromethane / 2 h / 5 - 10 °C / Large scale 1.2: 4 h / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale 2.1: 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / methanol / 4 h / 5 - 15 °C / Large scale 3.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 5 h / 0 - 5 °C / Large scale View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: sodium hydride / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 5 °C 1.2: 4 h / 25 °C 2.1: dihydrogen peroxide / tetrahydrofuran; water / 4 h / 25 °C 3.1: hydrogenchloride / 0.5 h / 55 °C / pH < 1 View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: n-octanoic acid chloride; taxifolin In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 0.166667h; Stage #2: With pyridine In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 16h; | 86% |
Stage #1: n-octanoic acid chloride; taxifolin In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 0.166667h; Stage #2: With pyridine In 1,4-dioxane for 16h; | 79% |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With p-nitrophenyl sulfate; arylsulfate sulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense In acetone at 30℃; for 4h; pH=8.9; Inert atmosphere; Enzymatic reaction; | 75% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With α-glucosidase from sulfolobus solfataricus In dimethyl sulfoxide at 45℃; for 2h; pH=9; Enzymatic reaction; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ammonia In ethanol at 20℃; for 1h; pH=5 - 7; Temperature; | 86.3% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium tetrahydroborate; acetic acid In ethanol; water for 0.5h; pH=4.5; Inert atmosphere; | 22% |
With sodium tetrahydroborate; water; acetic acid 1.) EtOH, 30 min, 2.) EtOH; Multistep reaction; | |
With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol Inert atmosphere; | |
Stage #1: taxifolin With sodium tetrahydroborate; ethanol at 20℃; for 0.75h; Stage #2: catechin With hydrogenchloride In water for 1h; | 200 mg |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol at 20℃; for 1h; | |
Stage #1: taxifolin With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol at 20℃; for 1h; Stage #2: for 0.5h; |
taxifolin
(+)-(2R,3S,4S)-3,4,5,7,3',4'-hexahydroxyflavan
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: NaBH4 / ethanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: 0.05 M citrate-Pi buffer, pH 2.6 / 0.5 h / 40 °C View Scheme | |
With NADPH In aq. buffer at 45℃; for 0.5h; pH=6; Enzymatic reaction; |
taxifolin
(2R,3S,4R)-(+)-3,4,5,7,3',4'-hexahydroxyflavan
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol at 20℃; for 2h; | 75% |
With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol for 2h; Ambient temperature; | |
With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol for 2h; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol at 20℃; for 1h; | 86.3% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol at 45℃; for 72h; | 64% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water at 92℃; for 0.4h; Time; Industrial scale; | 84% |
acetic anhydride
taxifolin
2-(3,4-diacetoxyphenyl)-4-oxochroman-3,5,7-triyl triacetate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine for 18h; Ambient temperature; | 88% |
With pyridine at 90℃; for 3h; Acetylation; | 47% |
In pyridine |
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1[2H]-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol
taxifolin
procyanidin B4
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium tetrahydroborate | |
Stage #1: taxifolin With sodium tetrahydroborate; ethanol at 20℃; for 0.75h; Stage #2: (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1[2H]-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol With hydrogenchloride In water for 1h; | 200 mg |
D-Glucose
taxifolin
(2R,3R)-(+)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxydihydroflavonol-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With scandium tris(trifluoromethanesulfonate) In water; acetonitrile for 48h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Inert atmosphere; Reflux; stereoselective reaction; | 35% |
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With N-Bromosuccinimide In acetone at 25℃; for 0.716667h; regiospecific reaction; | 94% |
With 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid; potassium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; | 46% |
With hypobromous acid In ethanol; water at 20℃; aq. phosphate buffer; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydrogencarbonate In ethanol at 120 - 130℃; for 10h; Temperature; | 70 g |
α-lipoic acid chloride
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: α-lipoic acid chloride; taxifolin In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 0.116667h; Stage #2: With pyridine In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 4h; | 1.8 g |
5-((3R)-1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoyl chloride
taxifolin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: 5-((3R)-1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoyl chloride; taxifolin In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 0.116667h; Stage #2: With pyridine In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 19h; | 1.8 g |
taxifolin
epigallocatechin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With apple polyphenol oxidase In aq. phosphate buffer at 35℃; for 1h; pH=4; Enzymatic reaction; |
Molecular Formula: C15H12O7
Formula Weight: 304.25
IUPAC Name: (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
Synonyms: 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4h-1-benzopyran-4-on ; (2R-trans)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-benzopyrone ; Distylin
Melting Point: 230-233°C (dec.)
Flash Point: 264.2 °C
Boiling Point: 687.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Density of Taxifolin (480-18-2): 1.702 g/cm3
Vapour Pressure: 7.51E-20 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.762
Solubility: Taxifolin (480-18-2) is dissolves in nonpolar solvents (alcohol, acetone, ether), hot water, oil.
Physical State: Taxifolin (480-18-2) is a solid powder.
Color: White to yellowish (Light).
1. | mmo-sat 100 µg/plate | ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. 3 (1981),401. | ||
2. | mma-sat 1660 nmol/plate | MUREAV Mutation Research. 54 (1978),297. | ||
3. | cyt-ham:fbr 1 g/L/48H | MUREAV Mutation Research. 48 (1977),337. | ||
4. | ipr-rat LD50:1200 mg/kg | JJPAAZ Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. 21 (1971),377. | ||
5. | ipr-mus LD50:985 mg/kg | RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology. Translation of FATOAO. 38 (1975),213. |
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Risk Statements : 22: Harmful if swallowed
Safety Statements : 22: Do not breathe dust
24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes
WGK Germany : 3
RTECS : LK6920000
Taxifolin (480-18-2) is a white to yellowish solid powder and dissolves in nonpolar solvents (alcohol, acetone, ether), hot water, oil. The product is stable. It should keep tightly closed in dark place and a cool, well-ventilated area.
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