The compound 4-hydroxypyridine is reacted with aromatic substrates that have a leaving group (usually halogen) and that is activated by an electron-withdrawing group or a heterocycle. Only N-aryl-4(1H)-pyridones are produced in this efficient aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction. Some mec...

A series of 3,4,5-tridodecyloxybenzyl pyridinium salts derived from 4-hydroxypyridine has been designed and prepared. The liquid crystalline properties of these compounds were investigated by polarized optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction while their...

Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin was widely used in industry, it would cause an adverse effect on the environment if without applicable treatments of resin wastes. Triglycrides (e.g., soybean oil) were abundant in the nature, but cannot be used directly as engine fuel. The deoxygenation of triglyc...

Stable, liquid phenolic froths have been produced by whipping air into a mixture of phenolic resole, catalyst and surfactant. These liquid froths can be moulded into desired shapes and cured to produce open porous phenolic foams. This method, which we call froth templating, has been scaled to pr...

Continuous liquid-phase phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone over Pd/Al2O3 was conducted in a membrane dispersion based fixed-bed reactor system. The effects of membrane structure on the phenol hydrogenation and gas–liquid two-phase flow were investigated by experimental results coupled with c...

Cyclohexanone ammoximation is widely used as an efficient method to synthesize cyclohexanone oxime in industrial production. In this study, the cyclohexanone ammoximation production process was explored based on reaction kinetics in order to reduce its energy consumption and total annual cost. T...

Thermal fragmentation of carbonyl compounds is important in bio-oil pyrolysis and combustion. This paper presents pyrolysis simulations of cyclohexanone with ReaxFF-MD. Annealing simulations were performed using LAMMPS and reactions analyses were carried out by ChemTrayzer code. The results show...

A method of calculating interaction parameters used in phase equilibrium calculations has been extended for predicting solvent activities of polymer solutions. A pair of interaction parameters are determined by calculating interaction energies between all pairs of molecules in the solution of in...

Vapor pressures of cyclohexanamine, N-methyl-cyclohexanamine, N,N-dimethyl-cyclohexanamine, and N-cyclohexyl-cyclohexanamine were measured using the transpiration method. Molar enthalpies of vaporization of cyclohexanamine derivatives were derived from vapor pressure temperature dependences. The...

This study investigates the effect of palladium (Pd) form on the electrochemical degradation of chlorobenzene in groundwater by palladium-catalyzed electro-Fenton (EF) reaction. In batch and flow-through column reactors, EF was initiated via in-situ electrochemical formation of hydrogen peroxide...

The photochemistry in adsorbed molecules is drastically different from that of gaseous ones. Seven channels of KrF laser-induced dissociation of chlorobenzene condensed on silica have been found using mass spectrometry. They include the multiple photon detachment of H and Cl atoms and the openin...

The pyrolysis of chlorobenzene under dilute atmosphere and quasi-atmospheric pressure was studied at temperatures from 800 to 1150 K using a fused silica jet stirred reactor (JSR) and from 800 to 1250 K in an alumina tubular reactor. Chlorobenzene was chosen as a surrogate to model the thermal d...

The ionic reaction products of the title pyridines with iodine in low-density polyethylene are identified by comparison of their IR spectra with literature data. The bis(pyridine)iodine(I), bis(4-methylpyridine)iodine(I), and bis(tert-butylpyridine)iodine(I) cations are spontaneously formed in t...

Catalytic combustion is an efficient and economic technology to eliminate toluene, and CeO2 shows very good performance in this kind of reactions. In this work, three kinds of CeO2 catalysts with different morphologies (rod, hollow sphere and cube) have been prepared, and there performances for ...

Among several candidates of hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen, methylcyclohexane (MCH), and ammonia are considered as potential hydrogen carriers, in terms of their characteristics, application feasibility, and economic performance. In addition, as a main motor in the hydrogen introduction, Japa...

Three sets totaling 118 individual methylcyclohexane shock tube pyrolysis experiments were completed at nominal pressures of 40, 100, and 200 bar to obtain species data and to determine whether the formation of alkylcyclopentanes, which have been found to be sooting and coking precursors in prev...

Reactive molecular dynamics simulations were performed under different conditions in order to investigate in-detail the chemical events associated with high-temperature oxidation of methylcyclohexane (MCH). The corresponding kinetic behaviors of the major intermediates and products were systemat...

2-Iodo-3-perfluoroalkylpropyl acetates, RFCH2CHICH2OAc (1) (RF = i-C3F7, C4F9, C6F13, C8F17), have been rearranged thermally to 1-iodo-3-perfluoroalkyl-2-propyl acetates, RFCH2CH(OAc)CH2I (2), in 89% yield over the temperature range 120–200 °C. The results indicate that the rearrangement is a ...

Enantioselective functionalization of 2-substituted 1,3 propanediols was realized by the utilization of triisobutylaluminum-promoted selective ring-cleavage reaction of spiroketals of ℓ-menthone as a key reaction.

Determination of the actinide elements (uranium and thorium) in apatite minerals has been examined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) with solvent extraction separation. The spectral interference by calcium in the apatite and the negative interference by the mac...