Addition of a wide range of Grignard reagents to acetone protected (2-methyl-5-tert-butyl)phenyl 1-thio-β-D-ribopentodialdo-1,4-furanoside 3b produced useful 5(R)C-substituted products with moderate to good yields, and moderate to perfect stereoselectivities, with no need of additives. n.O.e. A...

The crystal structures of 13α- and 13β-hydroxylupanines present a rare case of unexpected configuration and conformation of bis-quinolizidine alkaloid free bases. The configuration of A/B and C/D ring junctions is trans–cis and quasi trans–cis in α and β epimers, respectively. Ring C adopt...

The alcohols cis-5-hydroxy-cyclogeraniol and cis-α-epoxy-cyclogeraniol can be easily prepared with high diastereoisomeric purity starting from ethyl-α-cyclogeraniate. A few straightforward chemical transformations allow their conversion into tetrahydroactinidiolide and dihydroactinidiolide, tw...

Synthesis of natural products has speeded up drug discovery process by minimizing the time for their purification from natural source. Several diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) demand exploring multi targeted drug candidates, and for the first time we report the multi AD target inhibit...

BackgroundMenthol, a flavoring compound added to cigarettes, makes cigarettes more appealing to youth and inexperienced smokers and increases cigarettes' abuse liability. However, limited studies are available on menthol's role in smoking progression.

Chlorate ion ClO3− is formed as a result of the complex chemical interaction of ozone with chloride ion in aqueous solution. In neutral and basic solutions, chlorate is the main product. In acid solutions, the main product is molecular chlorine Cl2, and the yield of chlorate is 50–100 times low...

Line diagrams of GC-MS low resolution mass spectra are presented for the methyl esters of gibberellins A1 to A24 and for the trimethylsilyl ethers of the methyl esters of the hydroxylated gibberellins A1 to A8, A10, A13, A14, and A16 to A23. These reference spectra allow conclusive identificatio...

The induction of flowering by one long day (LD) in the grass Lolium temulentum is most closely mimicked by application of the gibberellins (GAs) GA5 or GA6, both of which occur naturally. These gibberellins promote floral development but have little effect on stem elongation. Endogenous GA5 and ...

[3H]-Gibberellin A5 ([3H]-GA5) applied to seedlings of dark-grown dwarf pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Meteor), was converted to two acidic compounds, GA3 and a chromatographically similar unknown. Identification of GA3 was made by gas-liquid radiochromatography using three stationary phases.

The native gibberellin A5 (GA5), as [1-3H]GA5 (3.2 Ci/mmol) was fed to seed capsules (0.58 μCi/capsule) of Pharbitis nil cv Violet at the 2-week stage of development, and its metabolism in the seeds was investigated after 43 hr. Extractable radioactivity in free GA metabolites was 38%, with 56%...

Metabolism of the native gibberellin A5 (GA5), fed as either [1-3H] GA5 (3.1 Ci/mmol) or [17,17-2H]GA5, was investigated in cell suspension cultures of peach (Prunus persica) after 48 hr of incubation. Extractable radioactivity in free GA metabolites was 57.5%, with 21.6% in the putative GA gluc...

The flower stalk is the product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee), which is cultivated extensively in South China. Flower stalk formation and development, including bolting and flowering, determine the yield of flowering Chinese ca...

Yaghooti grape of Sistan is seedless, early ripening but has compact clusters. To study gibberellin effect on cluster compactness of Yaghooti grape, it has been studied transcriptomic changes in three developmental stages (cluster formation, berry formation and final size of cluster). We found o...

Computer-aided drug design has advanced by leaps and bounds, and has been widely used in various fields, and especially in the field of drug discovery. Although the crystal structure of the gibberellin (GA) receptor GID1A had been reported in previous studies, there is still a lack of designs of...

Publisher SummaryThis chapter discusses the structure and reactivity of the hydrazone and osazone derivatives of the sugar. Fischer represented the hydrazones and osazones as open chain structures; one sees at once, however, other structural possibilities, because mutarotation occurs in solution...

Dummy template molecularly imprinted polymers (DMIPs) on silica gel particles for simultaneously selective recognition of nine phthalate esters have been prepared. A novel dummy template molecule with similar structural skeleton to the phthalate ester, diethyl N,N′-phthaloyl-bis(11-aminoundecan...

ω-Hydroxyundec-9-enoic acid and n-heptanoic acid are valuable building blocks for the production of flavors and antifungal agents as well as bioplastics such as polyamides and polyesters. However, a biosynthetic process to allow high productivity and product yield has not been reported. In the ...

We report the synthesis and a study of the gelation properties of a series of N-protected long-chain amino acids. Especially, benzyl and tert-butyl carbamate derivatives of 11-aminoundecanoic acid in their deprotonated form can gelate polar organic solvents and water at very low concentration (l...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative effects of Allium sativum (garlic) as well as Spirulina maxima on lead acetate toxicity in rat testes. Forty adult, male, albino rats were divided into four groups (10 rats/each): group I served as the control; group II contained rats ...

Organometallic halide perovskite films based on lead iodide precursor often suffered from bad repeatability and the usage of large quantities of toxic solvents due to the need for an anti-solvent washing process. Lead acetate (Pb(Ac)2) precursor, by contrast, was more promising because of the ne...