Type-4 fimbriae (pili) are associated with a phenomenon known as twitching motility, which appears to be involved with bacterial translocation across solid surfaces. Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants which produce fimbriae, but which have lost the twitching motility function, display altered colony...

Controlling the height of crops plays a crucial role for their yields. The large scale utilization of semi-dwarf varieties has greatly improved crop yield, providing an effective support for world food security. In rice, a main food for over half of the world's population, a number of dwarf...

GRAS proteins belong to a plant specific protein family that participates in diverse and important functions in growth and development. GRAS proteins are typically composed of a variable N-terminal domain and highly conserved C-terminal GRAS domain. Despite the importance of the GRAS domain, lit...

Mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic amines (HAs) are formed at low levels (ng/g) during heat processing of protein-rich food such as meat and fish. The complex matrix requires effective extraction and purification methods. Blue Chitin columns were used for the extraction of HAs from fried chicke...

The mutagenicity of human bile was examined in the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay. Bile samples were obtained from the gallbladders resected from patients with cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, gallbladder cancer, extrahepatic bile duct cancer and other disease. For extraction of mutagenic c...

Highly mutagenic water of the Katsura River, Kyoto, and moderately mutagenic of the Asahi River, Okayama, were used to evaluate the efficacy of three concentration techniques, the blue-chitin column, the blue-rayon hanging, and the XAD-2 column. These two river waters have been shown to exhibit ...

Activity coefficients at infinite dilution (γ1,2∞) for diverse probe solutes in three homologous 1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids were measured by inverse gas chromatography at temperatures from 323 to 343 K. Accordingly, this family of ionic liquid can be ranked accord...

The Lewis acid-catalyzed nucleophilic opening of a D-gluco-configured bicyclic hemiaminal has been examined. Several Lewis acids and silylated nucleophiles have been screened allowing the introduction of acetophenone, phosphonate or nitrile at the pseudoanomeric position in satisfactory yields a...

The 4-substituted-1,3-oxazinan-6-one scaffold is a versatile synthon enabling access to a diverse array of β-amino acid derivatives. In this study, the synthetic utility of the 1,3-oxazinan-6-one is expanded to include the diastereoselective synthesis of cyclic β2,3-amino acids. Enolate chemis...

New nickel(II) complexes with macrocyclic ligands bearing benzyloxy [(5), (9)], 2-methylbenzyloxy (7), 3-methylbenzyloxy (8), and hydroxy (6) groups on the pyridine ring have been synthesized. Structures of the hydroxy substituted macrocyclic ligand (L-OH·3HCl·H2O), and the benzyloxy substitut...

The enantioselective synthesis of α-benzyloxy aldehydes containing a terminal alkene was carried out from chiral pool l-(+)-tartaric acid by employing the stereoselective reduction of a 1,4-diketone as the key step. The synthetic utility of these aldehydes was demonstrated in the synthesis of p...

The GABA uptake inhibitor, L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (L-DABA) was examined for potential anticonvulsant activity in mice. Given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v., 2 μmoles) L-DABA almost doubled the CD50 of picrotoxin and 3-mercaptopropionate (3-MP), a glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor — the c...

A number of new Pt(II) complexes is described having the general formula PtCl2(LL), where LL is a chelating diamine ligand. Ligands LL were chosen as d,l-2,3-diaminopropionic acid and its ethyl ester, and d,l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid and its ethyl ester. The compounds were characterized using ana...

Recently, the demand for d-amino acid profiling has been drastically increasing because the significance of d-amino acid in various biological events is suggested. However, the present methodologies for d-amino acid profiling are still unsatisfactory. Therefore, a highly sensitive, robust, high-...

When typical neurotoxicity symptoms (hyperirritability, tremors and convulsions) were produced by ip or intracisternal injection of l- or d-2,4-diaminobutyric acid to rats, the concentration of diaminobutyric acid in brain always exceeded 1 mm. The occurrence of toxicity was not dependent on a c...

Synthesis and structure elucidation of new series of novel fused 1,2,4-triazine derivatives 3a–3f, 4a–4i and 6a–6b and their inhibitory activities are presented. Molecular structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS spectra and elemental analyses. X-ray cryst...

A comparison between compounds with pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine structure (series 4–6) and pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine core (series 9) as ligands at GABAA-receptor subtype, was evaluated. Moreover, for pyrazolotriazine derivatives having binding recognition, the interaction on recombinant rat ...

Luminescent lanthanide complexes of 4-aryl-1-(2-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acids and 5-tolyl-2,2′-bipyridine-6-carboxylic acid were prepared. The ligands were synthesized using the “1,2,4-triazine” methodology. In one case, the opportunity of copper complex pre...

A series of novel 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamides were synthesized and confirmed with different spectroscopic techniques. The prepared compounds exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity that represents 38%–100% of indomethacin activity and ...

Oxidative stress and apoptosis are both associated with various acute and chronic disorders. Thus, the aim of the present study is to synthesize imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazines derivatives and to evaluate their effects in H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y cel...