Male Fischer rats were fed a N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl]-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) diet for 6 weeks followed by a phenobarbital (PB) diet for an additional 86 weeks. PB significantly increased the incidence of bladder tumors, but not the incidence of hepatic foci and areas of cellular alterations...

Enhanced c-erbB-2/neu expression has been linked with a poor prognosis in human bladder cancer. Previous reports have shown that a point mutation at nucleotide T2012 in the coding region of the transmembrane domain of the rat gene is sufficient to confer transformation potential on this gene. We...

Enhanced c-erbB-2/neu expression has been linked with a poor prognosis in human bladder cancer. Previous reports have shown that a point mutation at nucleotide T2012 in the coding region of the transmembrane domain of the rat gene is sufficient to confer transformation potential on this gene. We...

Phenoxan, HIV-1 inhibitor isolated from the myxobacteria, has been synthesized in 16 steps starting from ethyl 2-methylacetoacetate. The related isomer corresponding to the oxazole part was also obtained via an orthoester-enediol rearrangement.

Regulation and maintenance of cell water volume and intracellular pH (pHi) are vital functions that are interdependent; cell volume regulation affects, and is in turn affected by, changes in pHi. Disruption of either function underlies various pathologies. To study the interaction and kinetics o...

The recently developed method of loading isolated heart mitochondria with the fluorescent pH indicator, BCECF, was applied to monitor the Na+0/H+i exchange process from the matrix side of the membrane. The Na+-induced changes in the pH of the matrix (pHm) showed that: (i) the Na+0/H+i exchange f...

The Duorescent dye 2′,7′-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(and-6)-carboxyftuorescein (BCECF) has been widely used as an indicator of cytosolic pH. Here we report that BCECF localizes to hydrogenosomes (hydrogengenerating organelles found in several phylogenetically separate groups of anaerobic protists) ...

Sea urchin eggs were loaded with the pH-sensitive fluorescent probe BCECF. Homogenization of these eggs, followed by centrifugation, resulted in 25% of the total homogenate fluorescence remaining with the pellet. Fluorescence microscopy revealed brightly fluorescing punctate organelles whose flu...

A rapid intracellular pH (pHi) measurement method based on initial rate of increase of fluorescence ratio of 2′,7′-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5,6-carboxyfluorescein upon dye addition to a cell suspension in growth medium is reported. A dye transport model that describes dye concentration and fluoresc...

We used 2 fluorescent dyes, 2′,7′-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) and propidium iodide (PI), to assess the membrane integrity of neurons acutely isolated from the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. Exciting BCECF at a relatively pH-insensitive wavelength (440 nm), or exciting...

This study evaluates the suitability of flow cytometry with the fluorochrome BCECF for measuring the intracellular pH (pHi) of cultured cells, and monitors the changes in pHi in murine hybridoma in batch culture and chick embryo fibroblast in monolayer culture (5th passage). The technique produc...

SummarySelective vacuolar accumulation of the fluorescent pH-indicator 2′, 7′-bis (2-Carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) may allow to study vacuolar acidification in vivo (Brauer et ai., 1995), which in plant cells is driven by two distinct proton pumps: the V-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) and...

2′,7′-Bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) is a fluorescent probe used to examine multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) transporter activity in cells. BCECF is introduced into the cell as the nonfluorescent membrane permeable acetoxymethyl ester, BCECF-AM, where it is hy...

2′,7′-Bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) is frequently used for fluorometric determination of intracellular pH (pHi) and its metabolic changes. Studies of BCECF-loaded platelets have reported different pHi values in the range of 6.98 to 7.35, despite the use of the same ...

Blocking the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can reduce the risk of diabetes. Meanwhile, the angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2)/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis has recently been proposed to function as a negative regulator of the RAS. In previous studies, we first demonstrated that ACE2 knockout (A...

The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is an important component of the tumor microenvironment and plays a key role in promoting cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metabolism, migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the arm of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2/angiotensin-(1–7) [Ang-(1–7)]/Ma...

The obesity epidemic is multi-generational and is particularly debilitating in the aging population, necessitating the use of pharmaceutical interventions. Recent evidence suggests that increasing the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme-2 [ACE2]/angiotensin-(1-7)[Ang-(1-7)]/Mas recepto...

Sepsis, as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, is characterized by the extensive release of cytokines and other mediators. Sini decoction (SND), a traditional Chinese prescription medicine, has been used clinically for the treatment of sepsis. ...

ObjectiveAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified in pancreatic islets and can preserve β cells. In this study, we aimed to examine the possible role of ACE2 and its end product, angiotensin 1–7 (A1–7), in reducing β cell dedifferentiation during metabolic stress.

Growing body of evidence points out the crucial role of ACE2 in preventing atherosclerosis. However, data on how atherosclerosis affects ACE2 expression in heart and kidney remains unknown. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding New Zealand White rabbits with high cholesterol diet (HCD – 2%) fo...