The crystal structures of the complexes diaquabis[4-phenoxy)butanoato] nickel(II) (1), diaquabis[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)butanoato]nickel(II) (2) and the acids 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)butanoic acid (3) and 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid (4) have been determined using X-ray diffraction techniques. Th...

Cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential (bulk) electrolysis have been used to investigate the direct reduction of 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (triclosan, 1) in dimethylformamide (DMF) containing tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF4). Cyclic voltammograms for reduction o...

Aqueous 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) has been treated by the systems UVA/TiO2/N2, O3, TiO2/O3, UVA/O3, UVA/TiO2/O2, and UVA/TiO2/O3. Under the conditions investigated (T = 20 °C, pH = 4.5, Qgas = 30 L/h, V = 1 L, CO3=5ppm, CMCPA = 5 ppm, CTiO2=0.5g/L), MCPA is removed in less than...

A new Schiff base ligand was synthesized by reaction of 5-bromosalicylaldehyde with 1,2-bis(4-chloro-2-aminophenoxy)ethane. Then the Schiff base complexes were synthesized by the reaction of metal salts and the novel Schiff base. The molar conductivity properties of the complexes were studied an...

A direct density functional theory (DFT) calculation was performed for the formation of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) from dimerization of 4-chlorophenoxy radicals (4-CPRs) and cross-condensation of phenoxy radical (PhR) with 4-CPR, respectively. Several energetically feasible formation ro...

IntroductionThe N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor plays an important role in learning and memory. Overactivation is thought to play an important role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Currently, it is not possible to assess N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) ...

Various new derivatives and structural analogues of N-(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indole-3-carboxamide (2a), a representative term of a series of 2-aminomethylpyrrolidinyl derived 4,5-dihydrobenzo[g]indolcarboxamides with good D2-like affinity, were synthesized and eval...

Ion-pair complex of the chlorpheniramine maleate with eosin Y was achieved because of the interaction of protonated drug with dianionic eosin Y. The stoichiometry of the reaction was studied by mole ratio method which showed 2:1 ratio for drug and eosin Y. This lead to the quenching of eosin Y w...

Homogeneity is the basic element of pharmaceutical analysis. Distributional Homogeneity Index (DHI) was proposed to assess the distributional homogeneity of commercial chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) tablets. Furthermore, the divergence value of DHI value from expectation DHI (value = 1) was calc...

Doping of non-linear optical materials by different elements and compounds is the common method to tune the various properties of these materials. In this work we report single crystals of undoped and lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) doped L-Alanine Maleate (LAM) grown by slow evaporation solution gro...

Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Ps29 was repelled by maleate. Screening of a complete collection of Ps29 single-methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (mcp) gene mutants identified the RSp0303 homolog (McpP) as a chemotaxis sensor mediating negative chemotaxis to maleate. Interestingly, the mcpP-delet...

SummaryGreen production of bulk chemicals traditionally obtained from fossil resources is of great importance. One potential route toward realizing this goal is through the utilization of renewable lignin; however, current techniques generally lead to low product specificity because of the struc...

Shiga toxins (Stxs) are major causative agents for bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome, a life-threatening disease in humans. No effective treatment is available. Early detection of Stxs in clinical samples is critical for disease management. As bacteria evolve, new Stxs are produced; ...

To evaluate the biosafety of the plasmid pcDNA3-1E of Eimeria acervulina in chicken, two-week-old chickens were injected intramuscularly with the plasmid pcDNA3-1E at dose of 50 μg/chicken. At the 15 days post-injection, the tissue samples were collected, the total DNA was extracted, and the 3-...

In this study, 3-(4-{[(1E)-1-benzothien-2-ylmethylene]amino}phenoxy)phthalonitrile 2 and zinc(II), manganese(III), cobalt(II) phthalocyanines bearing 3-(4-{[(1E)-1-benzothien-2-ylmethylene]amino}phenoxy) groups at non-peripheral positions were synthesized for the first time. These new compounds ...

Experimental FTIR and FT-Raman spectroscopic analysis of 2-chloro-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine (2C4M3NP) and 2-chloro-6-methylpyridine (2C6MP) have been performed. A detailed quantum chemical calculations have been carried out using B3LYP and B3PW91 methods with 6-311++G** and cc-pVTZ basis sets. Co...

This study reports about the optimized molecular structures, vibrational wavenumbers, atomic charges, molecular electrostatic potentials, NBO, electronic properties, 1H NMR and 13C NMR chemical shifts for the molecules 2-chloro-4-nitropyridine (CNP), 2-chloro-4-methyl-5-nitropyridine (CMNP) and ...

Direct on-column methylation using methylammonium or sulfonium salts is well established. It has now been demonstrated that benzylammonium salts are effective derivatisation reagents for direct on-column benzylations of acids and phenols. They are particularly useful for the derivatisation of lo...

BackgroundWater extract of Hydrangea paniculata (HP) stem, rich in coumarin glycosides, has been demonstrated to have renal protective effect in several experimental kidney injury animal models. Currently, it is under pre-clinical development as a class 5 herbal drug against membranous nephropat...

Recent studies showed an enhanced oral bioavailability of tamoxifen (TMX) by hydrophobically modified α-tocopherol succinate-g-carboxymethyl chitosan (Cmc-TS) micelles. As a continued effort, here we evaluated TMX-loaded polymeric micelles (TMX-PMs) for its enhanced permeability with increased ...