Mutagenicity tests have shown that the potencies of ethylene oxide and other alkylating agents relative to that of low-LET ionising radiation are approximately the same in different biological systems. In the present study this relationship, the radiation-dose equivalence (“rad-equivalence”) o...

From the seeds of Impatiens balsamina has been isolated five novel baccharane glycosides, hosenkosides A-E. The structures of all isolates were secured by the use of 2D NMR techniques (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, ROESY, TOCSY), CD spectroscopy and chemical derivatization.

The two polymers poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), PDEAM, and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM, undergo a coil-to-globule collapse transition in water on increasing the temperature. The process is endothermic and it is driven by the gain in translational entropy of water molecules due to the decre...

Efficient catalytic electro-oxidation of methanol or urea is critical to the development of fuel cells, which have attracted considerable interest due to their high energy conversion efficiency, ease of operation and low pollutant emission. In this work, nickel cobalt phosphate (NiCoPO) with dif...

Urea pyrolysis in the temperature range from 132.5 to 190 °C was studied in a self-designed fixed-bed experimental system, and the products in solid and gaseous phases were systematically analysed by a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and an online mass spectrometer (MS), respect...

The removal of urea by persulfate with UV irradiation in an ultrapure water (UPW) production system was examined using a continuously operated column reactor. Urea is a substance that is not properly removed by the unit processes in UPW production systems. Based on our monitoring of urea concent...

In this paper, an efficient and robust technique based on reaction headspace gas chromatographic analysis for the quantification of urea in milk is presented, which is realized by measuring formed carbon dioxide from the enzymatic hydrolysis of urea under the catalysis of enzyme urease. It was o...

In the current study, five novel urea-functionalized chitosan derivatives were synthesized via condensation reactions of chloroacetyl chitosan (CTCS) with urea groups bearing nitrogen-containing heterocycles. In order to identify the structure characteristics of chitosan derivatives, FT-IR, 1H N...

Urea detection has been studied extensively because urea is an important indicator in medical, environmental and industrial fields. Despite the considerable body of research in this area, limitations such as the need for an external power source and the complex operation of electrochemical flow ...

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with urea catalyzed by Cu-SAPO-34 is an effective method to eliminate NOx from diesel exhaust. However, urea-related deposits may form during cold-start and urban driving due to low exhaust temperatures. The activity of Cu-SAPO-34 at 175°C is significantly de...

An efficient sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4)-mediated method for construction of 3-hydroxyquinolines via in situ Meinwald rearrangement/intramolecular reductive cyclization of o-nitrobenzalacetophenone oxides has been developed. The practical approach is of excellent functional group compatibility w...

A toxicological evaluation of a umami flavour compound, 2-(((3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)pyridine (S3643; CAS 902136-79-2), was completed for the purpose of assessing its safety for use in food and beverage applications. S3643 undergoes extensive oxidative metabolis...

Currently, the basic method of treatment of colon cancer is surgery. The range of anticancer drugs used in the treatment of colorectal cancer is small and is based mainly on systemic combination chemotherapy. As a result of the designed syntheses, we received new isothiazole derivatives with ant...

Boldenone is an androgenic anabolic steroid intensively used for growth promoting purposes in animals destined for meat production and as a performance enhancer in athletics. Therefore its use is officially banned either in animals intended for consumption or in humans. Because most anabolic ste...

An efficient method for the synthesis of organic sulfonic acid potassiums containing dithiocarbamate side chains was developed through the reaction of amines, carbon disulfide and sultones in the presence of K3PO4 in water at room temperature. The organic sulfonic acid potassium derivatives are ...

The correct application of bio(iso)steric replacement, a potent tool for the design of optimized compounds, requires the continuous development of new isosters able to respond to specific target requirements. Among carboxylic acid isosters, as the hydroxylated pentatomic heterocyclic systems, th...

Tyrosinase inhibitors have become increasingly important as whitening agents and for the treatment of pigmentary disorders. In this study, the synthesis of kojic acid derivatives having 2-substituted-3-hydroxy-6-hyroxymethyl/chloromethyl/methyl/morpholinomethylpiperidinyl- methyl/pyrrolidinylmet...

A simple and efficient methodology was developed for the synthesis of new 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylazo)-N-(2-substituted-4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives 10a–10j in good amount of yields. They have been prepared using 2-acetamidobenzoic acid derivatives 2a–...

The aim of this study is to ascertain the in vitro bioavailablity of pesticides that regulate and inhibit the growth of insects – flufenoxuron, lufenuron, pyriproxyfen and fenoxycarb – in grapes grown under good agricultural practice (GAP), while respecting the pre-harvest intervals (PHI) for ...

A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method with solid phase extraction for the detection and the quantitation of flufenoxuron in an aliquot of blood was developed and validated. Flufenoxuron belongs to a benzoylurea insecticide and is the active ingredient of Cascade™. The analyte i...