Response surface methodology (RSM) and a five-level-five-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) were used to evaluate the effects of synthetic variables, such as reaction time (3 to 27 h), temperature (25 to 65 °C), enzyme amount (10 to 50%), substrate molar ratio of citronellol to bu...
Mukaiyama epoxidation of alkenes under oxygen catalyzed by rhodium acetate with isobutyraldehyde as the reducing agent is as or more effective than previously reported procedures. A variety of alkenes, including terpenes and cholesterol derivatives, were oxidized. And high regioselectivity for m...
OsO 4 catalyzes the oxidative cyclization of the 1,5-dienes geranyl acetate (1) and neryl acetate (2) to the cis-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofurans 3 and 4 respectively, in the presence of NaIO 4 as cooxidant in DMF. The reaction is stereospecific and proceeds with the sequen...
A series of sulfated silica MCM-41 samples denoted as SM and ASM were prepared by calcination at different temperatures using H 2 SO 4 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 solution as the promoter, respectively. The mesostructure, sulfation process, and surface acidity of t...
A microreactor system was developed to investigate the cyclization of pseudoionone (PI) catalyzed by sulfuric acid. The conversion of PI and selectivities of α‐ionone and β‐ionone were explored under various conditions. The effects of residence time, molar ratio of acid/PI (M‐ratio), reacti...
Ionone synthesis (α, β and γ isomers) by pseudoionone cyclization was studied on zeolite HBEA, Amberlyst 35W, SiO2–Al2O3, and unsupported and silica-supported heteropolyacids (HPA/SiO2). Ionone formation was preferentially promoted on strong Brønsted acid sites. A 79% ionone yield was obtain...
In dilute aqueous solution diethyl maleate (DEM) and diethyl fumarate (DEF) scavenge hydrated electrons with a rate constant of 2.2 10 1 0 mol - 1 dm 3 s - 1 . DEM - reversibly protonates with pK a = 5.2. The pK a of DEF ...
This paper is focused on establishing the grafting products of diethylmaleate onto ethylene–α-olefin copolymers of varying comonomer contents. Several commercial ethylene/α-olefin copolymers ranging in comonomer contents from 0.35 to 3.70mol% were used, as well as a hydrogenated polybutadiene...
The cross‐metathesis of methyl 10‐undecenoate 1 derived from castor oil as a renewable raw material with diethyl maleate 2 was investigated. These reactions were carried out with several phosphine and N‐heterocyclic carbene ruthenium catalysts. The reaction conditions were optimised for high ...
A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry assay was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of phthalates and adipates in human serum. The phthalates and adipates studied were dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, benzylbutyl phthalate, di‐2‐ethylhexyl phth...
Phase equilibrium data are reported for diisobutyl adipate (DiBA) in CO 2 at temperatures from 25 to 150°C. This system exhibits a continuous mixture-critical curve with a maximum near 200°C and 260bar. The phase behavior of the DiBA–CO 2 system is well characterized and model...
Electrically conductive polymer composites composed of polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) have been developed for nerve regeneration applications. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of PCLF–PPy and in vitro studies showing PCLF–PPy materials support both PC12 ...
Hydrazinated nickel cobalt zinc ferrous fumarate precursor has been synthesized and decomposed autocatalytically to Ni0.4Co0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4. The thermal decomposition behavior of the precursor has been investigated by thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The chemical comp...
Fortification of salt with both iodine and iron is an attractive approach to simultaneous reduction of anemia and iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), which affect some 2 billion people in the developing world. Unfortunately iodine is unstable under storage conditions found in most developing coun...
To determine whether low-income infants' adherence to nutritional supplementation with ferrous fumarate sprinkles was better than that with ferrous sulfate drops.The study was a randomized clinical trial of healthy 6-month-old infants. Each infant received either a daily packet of sprinkles or a...
Chemically modified pullulan was evaluated for its sorption efficiency and selectivity to remove cadmium (Cd) from spiked high-hardness groundwater (GW). Pullulan esterified with succinic anhydride using dimethylaminopyridine showed a fairly high degree of substitution value as confirmed by 1H N...
The primary objective of this work was to evaluate a chemically modified cellulose for the sorption efficiency and selectivity to remove cadmium from spiked high-hardness groundwater. Heterogeneous esterification of cellulose with succinic anhydride in toluene under basic conditions has proceede...
Hydrothermal reaction of cadmium nitrate and the conformationally flexible dipyridine 3‐pyridylnicotinamide (3‐pna) with a substituted succinic acid derivative afforded a pair of crystalline coordination polymers, whose dimensionality depends critically on the number of 2‐position methyl grou...
In this study, EPR investigation of gamma-irradiated calcium succinate monohydrate [CaC 4 H 4 O 4 ·H 2 O] single crystal has been carried out at room temperature. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry with the unit-cell dimensions: a=11.952(2)Å, b=9.69...
This study reports on the synthesis and characterization of sericin–dimethylolurea films (SS–DMU) and the immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia LTEB11 lipases through the so-called “sandwich” adsorption method, wherein the enzyme is deposited on the film, forming an enzyme–film–enzyme sur...
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