A series of copolymers containing two acceptors (benzo[1,2-c;3,4-c′]bis[1,2,5] thiadiazole and benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole are designed and synthesized. Two kinds of side chains (2-octyl-1-dodecyl chain and siloxane-terminated hexyl chain) are added to the copolymer backbone. Both polymers show ...
The title compounds can be readily hydrogenated by diimine produced in situ from commercial 80% hydrazine hydrate, 30% hydrogen peroxide and a 1% copper sulphate solution. Replacement of the methyl groups on tin by butyl groups causes the consumption of the alkene to fall dramatically under stan...
The Stille coupling of (Z)-1,2-bis(trimethylstannyl)ethenes with hypervalent iodonium salts (1 equiv) proceeded stereospecifically in the presence of PdCl2 (5 mol %) in DMF at room temperature to afford partially substituted (Z)-vinylstannanes under mild conditions. Alternatively, the use of 2 e...
The hitherto missing palladium complex (Ph2 PCH2CH2PPh2)Pd(SnMe3)2 has been successfully prepared by a simple method involving replacement of the chlorides in the complex (Ph2PCH2CH2 PPh2)PdCl2 by Me3Sn groups using neat trimethylstannane. The complex is more susceptible to decomposition in ...
Two donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) type low bandgap (LBG) conjugated polymers, namely, PT-DTNT-DT and PTT-DTNT-DT, consisting of thiophene (T) and/or thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT) as donor moiety, two flanking 2-decyltetradecylthienyl as π-bridges and large planarity and strong electron-withdrawing n...
Two new donor–acceptor type of conjugated polymers derived from naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c]bis(2-octyl-[1,2,3]triazole) and dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]silole were prepared by Stille polymerization. The thermal, electrochemical and photophysical properties of these copolymers were studied. Both polymers ...
Z-1,2-Bis(trimethylstannyl)-1-alkenes show different types of reaction behaviour towards various electrophiles. p-Tolysulphonyliso-cyanate forms five-membered tin-nitrogen-containing heterocycles. 1,1-Dichloromethylmethyl ether reacts with carbofunctionalised distannylalkenes to yield α,β-unsa...
The quantum mechanical force fields of 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-bis-(tert-butyl)cyclopropene (I), 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-bis-(trimethylsilyl)cyclopropene (II), 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-bis-(trimethylgermyl)cyclopropene (III), and 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-bis-(trimethylstannyl)cyclopropene (IV) were calculated at the HF/3-21G...
Abnormal expression of the αE-catenin protein, a component of the E-cadherin/catenin cell adhesion complex, is frequently observed in human cancer cells. An inverse correlation between αE-catenin expression and tumor malignancy can be of prognostic value. Mutations of the αE-catenin gene, CTN...
Cerebral cortical precursor cells reside in a neuroepithelial cell layer that regulates their proliferation and differentiation. Global disruptions in epithelial architecture induced by loss of the adherens junction component αE-catenin lead to hyperproliferation. Here we show that cell autonom...
E-cadherin and αE-catenin were localized in normal and chronically isoproterenol-treated acinar cells of rat parotid gland by means of immunogold labelling of Lowicryl embedded sections. Immunostaining of both experimental groups with polyclonal antibodies to E-cadherin and αE-catenin was main...
Background & AimsEtrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the β7 integrin subunit that has shown efficacy vs placebo in patients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). Patients with colon tissues that expressed high levels of the integrin αE gene (ITGAE) appear...
SummaryThe development and function of epithelia depend on the establishment and maintenance of cell-cell adhesion and intercellular junctions, which operate as mechanosensor hubs for the transduction of biochemical signals regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and regenerati...
E-learning, as a direct result of the integration of technology and education, has emerged as a powerful medium of learning particularly using Internet technologies. The undeniable significance of e-learning in education has led to a massive growth in the number of e-learning courses and systems...
The influence of an interlayer on the microstructure and the mechanical behaviour of aluminium‑carbon steel and aluminium-stainless steel clads produced by explosive welding was studied. Different series of welds were produced both with and without an aluminium interlayer, testing different weld...
China has dominated the global aluminum production and consumption in the past few decades, therefore it is of particular interest to stakeholders in China and worldwide to explore whether such aluminum boom will continue or not in China. This study applies a scenario-based dynamic material flow...
This work presents the procedure to improve the aluminum extracted from a hazardous waste from the recycling of aluminum, aluminum that could be used in the production of value-added materials, as well as with the generation of non-hazardous waste. The aluminum waste was treated under reflux and...
Aluminum-ion batteries have emerged as a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries by offering advantages such as abundant aluminum resources, low costs and good safety. Exploring suitable electrode materials lies at the heart of the development of aluminum-ion batteries. Relying on first-p...
Microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) poses a serious threat to marine engineering facilities. This study focused on the interaction between the corrosion behavior of two aluminum alloys and SRB metabolic activity. SRB growth curve and sulfate variation...
Aluminium phosphate is a commonly used adjuvant consisting of heterogeneously sized aggregates up to several micrometers. However, aluminium phosphate nanoparticles may exhibit an improved adjuvant effect. In this study, nanoparticles were made by sonication of commercially available aluminium p...
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