Selectively deuterated and methylated analogs of the nematocide 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) were compared to DBCP in causing acute renal damage in rats. All of the six deuterated analogs tested at 340 μmol/kg, including the perdeutero compound, failed to significantly alter the kidney ne...

Two new compounds N′-[bis(methylsulfanyl) methylene]-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide {Hbmshb (1)} and N′-(4-methoxy benzoyl)-hydrazinecarbodithioic acid ethyl ester {H2mbhce (2)} have been synthesized and characterized with the aid of elemental analyses, IR, NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction da...

The absolute configurations of 2-methoxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid and 2-methoxy-2-(2-naphthyl)propionic acid were reconfirmed by NMR analyses of phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) derivatives. Their absolute configurations determined by the PGME method are consistent with those obtained by th...

Nonlinear optical (NLO) activity of the compound (2E)-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-[(1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino] prop-2-enoic acid is investigated experimentally and theoretically using X-ray crystallography and quantum chemical calculations. The NLO activity is confirmed by both powder S...

Commercial Rhodamine B was first reported as a derivatization reagent labeling hydroxyl compound for mass spectrometry sensitization. In virtue of the strategy of ultrasonic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) combined with Rhodamine B derivatization, a new method of ult...

We have identified a biologically active component, panaxadiol saponins component (PDS-C), from Chinese ginseng herb extract. Panaxadiol saponins component contains five ginsenoside monomers with total purity of 92.44%. In this study, the BALB/c mouse model with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) was...

BackgroundThe lepidopteran Asiatic corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee), has caused huge economic losses throughout the Asian-Western Pacific region. Usually, chemical pesticides are used for the control, but excessive use of pesticides has caused great harm. Therefore, the inartificia...

This study was aimed to investigate structure–function relationship of 20(S)-panaxadiol (PD) and its epimeric derivatives ((20S, 24S)-epoxy-dammarane-3β, 12β, 25-triol, PDD1 and (20S, 24R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β, 12β, 25-triol, PDD2) in myocardial ischemia injury in rats. It was shown that PD a...

The microbial transformation of 20(R)-panaxadiol (1) by Absidia corymbifera AS 3.3387 was investigated. Seven oxidized and hydroxylated products 20(R),25-epoxy-12β-hydroxydammaran- 3-one (2), 20(R),25-epoxy-7β,12β,24α-trihydroxydammaran-3-one (3), 20(R),25-epoxy- 7β,12β,24β-trihydroxydamm...

An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of a series of (20R)-panaxadiol derivatives (4a–w) using a continuous-flow microreactor. The antitumor activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro in two human prostate adenocarcinoma tumor cell lines (i.e., PC-3...

Microbial transformation of 20(R)-panaxadiol by the fungus Rhizopus chinensis CICC 3043 yielded seven metabolites. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. R. chinensis could catalyze hydroxylation and further dehydrogenation at C-24 of 20(R)-panaxadiol,...

A series of panaxadiol derivatives have been synthesized by the simple acylation of the 3-hydroxy group of panaxadiol. The anti-tumor activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against a panel of human tumor cell lines by the standard MTT assay. Compounds 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16...

In the current work, 13 novel panaxadiol (PD) derivatives were synthesized by reacting with chloroacetyl chloride and bromoacetyl bromide. Their in vitro antitumor activities were evaluated on three human tumor cell lines (HCT-116, BGC-823, SW-480) and three normal cells (human gastric epithelia...

AimAlzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by memory loss and synaptic damage. Up to now, there are limited drugs to cure or delay the state of this illness. Recently, the Fyn tyrosine kinase is implicated in AD pathology triggered by synaptic damage. Thus, F...

An oxadiazon-degrading bacterial, Pseudomonas strain CG5, was isolated from an agricultural contaminated soil. This strain CG5 was able to grow on 10 mg of oxadiazon per l, yielding 5.18±0.2 mg of protein biomass mol−1. GC-MS analyses of the metabolites from oxadiazon catabolism revealed its de...

A method for the determination of trace amounts of the herbicide oxadiazon was developed using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and selected ion monitoring. It was applied to determine oxadiazon in ground water, agricultural soil, mu...

A field experiment has been conducted with two herbicides viz. oxadiazon [5-terbutyl-3-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one] and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene] at rates of 0.4 and 0.12 kg a.i. ha−1, respectively, to investigate th...

Hardy ornamental nursery stock (HONS) use fertigation as a rational supply of nutrients all along the growth cycle of plants. Nevertheless, that frequency of irrigation increases the risks of nutrient and herbicide leaching and subsequent contamination of the waste water. Therefore, systems of w...

Oxadiazon (OX) is a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide that induces porphyria and liver tumors in rodents. Although porphyria is generally considered to be a risk factor for liver tumor development, the mechanisms through which OX mediates tumor development are unclear. Therefore, i...

In this study we investigated the acute exposure of the aquatic macrophyte Callitriche obtusangula to the herbicide oxadiazon (Ronstar®). The toxic effects on C. obtusangula were evaluated, 24 h after exposure, by assessing visible necrotic leaf lesions and, 12 h after exposure, via analyses of ...