A new series of six-membered ring sulfonated polyimides with different combinations of two comonomers in the nonsulfonated diamine was prepared by one-step high-temperature polycondensation in m-cresol to improve the solubility of the resulting sulfonated polyimides. They are based on 1,4,5,8-na...
N-dodecyl-N′-(2-phosphonoethyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (DNDI) is a novel naphthalenic diimide with amphiphilic character. DNDI was synthesized through the sequential reaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, first with dodecylamine and then with 2-aminoethy...
A highly efficient and cost-effective reagent for the bromination of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride under mild reaction conditions is reported. Bromination of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride using tribromoisocyanuric acid (TBCA) in concentrated H 2 SO 4...
Two new coordination polymers based on 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylate (ntc) has been prepared by hydrothermal methods. Their crystal structures have been determined from synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. Ca 2 (C 14 H 4 O 8 )(H 2 O) 2 ...
Blue dextrans of varying molecular weights and dye ligand densities have been synthesized and characterized. Reaction conditions, particularly time and dye and base concentrations, have a significant effect on the reaction products. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) confirms the purity and nar...
Pathogen reduction technology is an important process in the blood safety system, including solvent/detergent treatment, filtration and methylene blue-photochemical technology (MB-PCT). To investigate the quality of MB-PCT-treated plasma, plasma samples from four Chinese blood centers were analy...
Blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) were prepared with the host materials designed for solution process. 3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1′:2′,1″-terphenyl and 3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1, 1′:2′,1″:2″-quarterphenyl were synthesized to investigate the relationship among the ...
Background Azo dyes represent the most commonly used group of dyes in the textile industry. These organic dyes are mainly resistant to biodegradation and may exhibit toxic and carcinogenic properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of doping zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticl...
This paper presents the results of the first stage of an ongoing project of evaluating the spatial and temporal variability of soil water as fundamental factors for vegetation regeneration in the arid ecosystems in the Blue Nile-eastern Sudan. The specific aim of the present study is to understa...
The genetic variation in shoot growth, water-use efficiency (as assessed by δ 13 C) and gum production was compared among eight Acacia senegal provenances originating from contrasting conditions of the gum arabic belt in central Sudan. The experimental site was in the clay plain region....
Due to the rapid expansion of the Sudanese capital city far away from its three Niles, it has become a necessity to estimate the sustainability of the groundwater resources in this arid area. The purpose of this study based on the stable-isotopic composition of groundwater is to identify the sou...
Acacia senegal, the gum arabic-producing tree, is the most important component of traditional dryland agroforestry systems in the␣Sudan. The spatial arrangement of trees and the type of agricultural crop used influence the interaction between trees and crops. Tree and crop growth, gum and crop y...
Common pool resources, such as international river basins with multiple riparian states, are hard to manage efficiently and equitably. In this paper, we suggest a methodology to assess the distributional aspects of various water allocation schemes applied to the Blue Nile in Africa. Based on pre...
Głównym elementem budowy geologicznej analizowanego obszaru są piaskowce nubijskie wieku późnomezozoicznego. Niezgodnie kątowo przykrywają one zmetamorfizowane skały proterozoiczne oraz przebijające się przez te ostatnie, nieorogeniczne granity i granitoidy wieku jurajskiego. Piaskowce uległy ...
The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that (1) the tree Acacia senegal competes for water with associated agricultural crops, and the soil water content would vary spatially with tree density and type of management; (2) the microclimate created by trees would favourably affect the...
A new validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitation of four antipsychotic indole alkaloids (IAs), reserpiline (RP, 1), α-yohimbine (YH, 2), isoreserpiline (IRP, 3) and 10-methoxy tetrahydroalstonine (MTHA, 4) as markers...
An efficient and eco‐friendly methodology has been developed for the construction of fused imidazo[1,2‐a][1,8]naphthyridine derivatives in the presence of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, and involving various substituted heterocyclic amines with phenacyl bromide under solvent‐free solid‐stat...
Highly prominent dihydropyridine analogs have been developed and screened for their yields by using different catalysts under eco‐friendly ethanol solvent condition. Triethylamine catalyst was identified as ro bust catalyst for this synthetic path. The key benefits of this procedure are environ...
Here, we describe a simple method to synthesize the starting intermediate 2‐amino‐8‐benzylidene‐4‐phenyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitrile (6) by the reaction of 2,6‐dibenzylidene cyclohexanone with malononitrile in the presence of triethyl amine under solvent‐free condi...
An efficient, fast, and green synthesis of benzimidazolo/benzothiazolo quinazolinone derivatives has been developed under solvent‐free conditions by the reaction of 2‐aminobenzimidazole/2‐aminobenzothiazole, aromatic aldehydes, and 1,3‐diketones. This method extended the application of micro...
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