Six series of 4-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-5-yl)-3(5)-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)- pyrazoles 18a–d, 19a–d, 22a–d and 3(5)-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(thieno[3,2,-c]- pyridin-2-yl)pyrazoles 20a–d, 21a–d, 23c, 23d have been synthesized and evaluated for their activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) an...

Publisher SummaryThis chapter reviews the monocarboxylic acids of the benzene series under two categories: those derived from benzene and its homologs and derivatives by replacing a hydrogen atom of the nucleus by the carboxyl group, that is true arenecarboxylic acids, such as benzoic acid, tolu...

The selectivity of an octadecyl-bonded vinyl alcohol copolymer gel was examined by investigating the chromatographic behaviour of aromatic acids. The energy effect on the retention of aromatic acids was calculated from the result for alkylphenols. This packing was less hydrophobic than octadecyl...

The effects of the myotonic agent, 9-anthroic acid (ANCA), and the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, soman, on the isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the rat have been studied. ANCA induced after-contractions which followed the twitches evoked by either direct or indirect stimu...

The effects of germine monoacetate and 3-chloro-2,5,6,-trimethyl-benzoic acid (Na-U23223) on the respiratory paralysis caused by DFP and paraoxon were studied in anaesthesized, atropinised rats. It appears that especially Na-U23223 is an effective antidote; it may completely prevent respiratory ...

The in vitro antiviral activity as well as the mechanism of action of a new antiviral agent, a kinamycin analogue, 1-N-pentadecanoyl-3″-N-trifluoroacetyl kanamycin A (PTKA) against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was investigated. The drug showed excellent antiviral action with negligible c...

The synthesis and evaluation of N-{4-[5-(2,4-diamino-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)pentyl]benzoyl}-l-glutamic acid (2) as an inhibitor of glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GAR Tfase) and aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase (AICAR Tfase) a...

A method is described for the synthesis of purine d-arabinonucleosides that uses purine bases and 2,2′-anhydro-(1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine), AraC-an, as the starting materials. AraC-an was chosen as the precursor to the d-arabinosyl donor, because it is more readily available than any of t...

Purine arabinosides are well known antiviral and antineoplastic drugs. Since their chemical synthesis is complex, time-consuming, and polluting, enzymatic synthesis provides an advantageous alternative. In this work, we describe the microbial whole cell synthesis of purine arabinosides through n...

The avermectins and, to a lesser extent, the milbemycins, have revolutionized antiparasitic and antipest control over the last decade. Both avermectins and milbemycins have macrocyclic lactone structures that are superimposable, they are produced by the same genus of soil dwelling organisms, the...

The efficacy of a combination of milbemycin oxime and praziquantel in preventing the establishment of experimentally induced heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection was investigated in a study involving 24 young domestic short-hair cats. The animals were inoculated with 50 infective larvae on ...

The nematode Spirocerca lupi (Rudolphi, 1809) is widely distributed but mostly occurs sporadically with stable populations only in certain geographic areas. This helminth mainly infects dogs and wild canids. Primary pathology relates to migration of third stage larvae (L3) damaging the thoracic ...

The introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the educational industry has added new values to teaching and learning environments. The e-learning system enables education programs to reach a vast number of students but due to unavailability of a fully-fledge e-learning mo...

BackgroundThe performance of live attenuated Japanese Encephalitis SA 14-14-2 vaccine (CD-JEV) among children previously given inactivated mouse brain-derived JE vaccine (IMBV) is unknown. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of CD-JEV administered to 2- and 5-year-old children in Sri Lanka.

The basement in the Sri Lankan fragment of Gondwana is composed of upper amphibolite- to granulite-facies rocks that underwent latest Neoproterozoic – Cambrian high-grade metamorphism. A recent tectonic model suggests that the Highland Complex in the central part of the island corresponds to a ...

A series of experiments was conducted in eastern Bangladesh to investigate the system of rice intensification (SRI). In the first, various components of SRI were studied: seedling raising methods, varieties, seedling age, plant spacing, organic manure application, and herbicides in rice grown wi...

Ethnopharmacological relevanceSri Lanka has a great diversity of snake species. In this relation, over 40,000 cases of snakebite accidents are reported annually from different agro-ecological regions of the country. Since more than 95% of victims rely on traditional treatments, there is an urgen...

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features of chikungunya fever (CHIKF) outbreak in Sri Lanka in 2006 and to estimate the relative risk for CHIKF for various demographic factors.

Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been linked to aspects of diurnal cortisol secretion in adolescents, but little is known about gender differences in these associations. A school-based sample of Sri Lankan adolescents aged 13–16 years took part in this study 4.5 yea...

Introduction and backgroundIn recent decades diabetes mellitus has become a considerable health problem in countries like Sri Lanka and results in an increasing economic burden hampering the social and economic development of these countries. About 60% to 70% of the rural population in Sri Lanka...