Wind tunnel studies and a field study were conducted to investigate the impact of the airborne herbicide bromoxynil-octanoate on non-target plants. Sunflowers at the two-leaf stage were used as test plants and exposed for 24 h in a wind tunnel to a range of concentrations of airborne bromoxynil-...
Bromoxynil octanoate (BOO), the most widespread herbicide applied to maize, is potentially toxic to both animals and humans. In this article, a highly effective BOO-degrading bacterial strain, XB2, was isolated from the soil of a herbicide factory. The strain was identified as an Acinetobacter s...
Adjuvants are commonly used to improve the efficacy of pesticides, both as part of formulations or as a separate addition to the spray tank. One such adjuvant is an ethoxylated soybean oil (ESBO). As the chemical composition of ESBO and the fractions mainly responsible for the adjuvant-effect ar...
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of airborne herbicides on the photosynthesis and growth of non-target plants. Sunflowers at different growth stages were used as test plants and exposed for 24 h in a wind tunnel to a range of concentrations of bromoxynil–octanoate and me...
Bromoxynil is a herbicide used extensively on the Canadian prairies for weed control in cereal production. This is a report on exposure to and absorption of bromoxynil by farmers during handling, transferring, mixing, and then applying the herbicide to cereal crops using tractor-drawn ground-rig...
BACKGROUND: The aims of the present study were to validate a vital mitochondrial potentiometric staining method in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and to utilise this method to examine the effect of the herbicide bromoxynil octanoate on mitochondrial potential in this species. A range of stains was in...
Whereas an abundance of literature is available on the occurrence of common proteinogenic amino acids (AAs) in edible fruits of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), recent reports on non-proteinogenic (non-coded) AAs and amino components are scarce. With emphasis on these components we have a...
An asymmetric synthesis of cis- and trans- 5-hydroxy-(D)-pipecolic acid, starting from glycinate Schiff bases is described. The approach involves the stereoselective alkylation to generate an unsaturated side chain which on cyclisation leads to the desired trans- or cis- 5-hydroxy-(D)-pipecolic...
Native chemical ligation (NCL) proceeds via a S–N acyl shift and, therefore, requires N-terminal cysteine. Nα-auxiliaries have long been used to enable NCL beyond cysteine. However, the reversibility of the S–N acyl shift under the acidic conditions used to remove the commonly applied N-benzy...
The reaction of enamides with CAN in methanol affords variously functionalized β-lactams through a 4-exo-trig cyclization of α-carbamoylalkyl radicals; in most cases products with trans stereochemistry can be obtained.
Reactions of 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones (1) and 3-alkylated 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones (2) with CAN in methanol gave quinolin-2(1H)-one dimers 3, 10 and 11 with CC and CO linkages between the two nitrogent containing six-member rings, respectively, showing the ambident reactivities of α...
Ketones were efficiently converted into the corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides in high yields within a short period of time on treatment with aqueous H 2 O 2 (50%) in the presence of a catalytic amount of CAN in acetonitrile at room temperature.
In this Letter we wish to report a simple and efficient synthetic protocol for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazole derivatives through the [2+3] cycloaddition of nitriles with sodium azide using ceric ammonium nitrate supported HY-zeolite as a novel catalyst. Excellent yields of the corr...
An inexpensive Ceric(IV) ammonium nitrate mediated phosphorylation of alkenes has been developed. Without adding expensive metals and other additives, various (E)‐alkenylphosphane oxides are obtained through an easy route in a one‐pot manner. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that a spont...
Polyethylene glycols (PEG) acts as efficient catalysts for the oxidation of bicyclic monoterpenes such as borneol, isoborneol, and camphor by ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), a laboratory desktop reagent, in acetonitrile medium under mineral acid‐free conditions. The kinetics of the reactions reve...
Treatment of ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) with sodium tris(tert‐butoxy)siloxide in THF afforded crystalline complexes [Ce{OSi(OtBu)3}3(NO3)(NH3)2(THF)] and [Ce{OSi(OtBu)3}4(NH3)2] featuring strong ammonia coordination. Conducting the CAN/NaOSi(OtBu)3 (1:4) reaction in acetonitrile gave ceric at...
A bifunctional ligand precursor (4-ethynylphenyl)diphenyl phosphine was synthesized and used for constructing silver acetylide frameworks. Its reaction with Ag(I) in the presence of triethylamine afforded silver acetylide [AgL]n, in which L=Ph2P-C6H4-4-CC− could act as a bifunctional ligand bear...
The new silver(I) triple salt 2Ag2C2·AgF·9AgNO3·H2O was prepared by dissolving Ag2C2 in an aqueous solution of AgNO3 and AgBF4. Its crystal structure contains two kinds of monocapped trigonal prismatic C2@Ag7 cages, with the capping atom occurring on one triangular face or one rectangular face.
New double salts Ag 2 C 2 .6AgO 2 CCHF 2 (1), [HPyCH 2 OH][Ag 9 (C 2 )(CF 3 CO 2 ) 9 (HPyCH 2 OH)(H 2 O)].0.5H 2 O (PyCH 2 OH=4-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine) (2), Ag 2 C 2 ....
The reactions of Ag2C2 and the corresponding silver perfluoro-dicarboxylates result in the formation of three new double and triple salts, Ag2C2·3AgO2CCF2CF2CO2Ag·7H2O (1), 2Ag2C2·6AgO2CCF2CF2CO2Ag·AgNO3·12H2O (2) and Ag2C2·4AgO2CCF2CF2CF2CO2Ag·17.5H2O (3), which have been structurally ch...
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