Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium bromate; hydrogen bromide In tetrachloromethane at 35 - 37℃; for 2h; | 96% |
With Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst second generation; potassium hydroxide; tricyclohexylphosphine In toluene at 110℃; for 12h; Reagent/catalyst; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; | 90% |
With pyridinium hydrobromide perbromide In water at 20℃; for 17h; | 87% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine; dmap In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 2.5h; | 85.5% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium bromate; sodium hydrogensulfite for 2h; Ambient temperature; | A 5% B 76% |
With iodosylbenzene; potassium bromide In water for 12h; sonication; | A 86 % Chromat. B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine; tetrachloromethane at 45℃; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ozone at 0℃; Reduzieren des vom entstandenen Wasserstoffperoxyd befreiten Reaktionsgemisches mit Zinkstaub in wenig Wasser; |
i-Amyl alcohol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
bei monatelangem Stehenlassen auch in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren; Gleichgewicht; pentyl alcohol of fermentation; |
3-methylbutyric acid
i-Amyl alcohol
isovaleraldehyde
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Gleichgewicht im System bei monatelangem Stehenlassen; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper uranium; hydrogen at 240 - 280℃; | |
With Rh(PhBP3)(H)2(NCMe) In benzene-d6 at 20℃; for 0.0166667h; Tishchenko reaction; Inert atmosphere; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 240℃; | |
at 270℃; in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff erfolgt starke Zunahme der Esterbildung; |
aluminium triisopentylate
isovaleraldehyde
A
i-Amyl alcohol
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
3-methylbutyric acid
i-Amyl alcohol
isovaleraldehyde
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
bromine
isopentyl nitrite
A
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
B
i-pentyl bromide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
anschliessenden Erwaermen; |
sulfuric acid
water
isopentyl nitrite
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 100℃; |
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid at 38.5℃; bei der elektrolytischen Oxydation an einer Bleidioxyd-Anode; |
ethanol
i-Amyl alcohol
A
Ethyl isovalerate
B
3-methyl-1-butyl acetate
C
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
D
ethyl acetate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 270℃; pentyl alcohol of fermentation; |
i-Amyl alcohol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
pentyl alcohol of fermentation; |
i-Amyl alcohol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
pentyl alcohol of fermentation; |
i-Amyl alcohol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
pentyl alcohol of fermentation; |
i-Amyl alcohol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 230℃; in je nach der Herstellung des Katalysators wechselden Mengen; | |
at 330℃; in je nach der Herstellung des Katalysators wechselden Mengen; | |
pentyl alcohol of fermentation; |
i-Amyl alcohol
sulfuric acid
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Isovaleric anhydride
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
i-Amyl alcohol
C
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
D
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 180℃; |
isopentyl ether
ozone
A
isopentyl formate
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 0℃; nach der Reduktion des Reaktionsprodukts mit Zinkstaub in Wasser; |
i-Amyl alcohol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
C
acetone
D
isovaleraldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
in schwach schefelsaurer Loesung; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper-chromium oxide catalysts; hydrogen at 350 - 360℃; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper | |
With copper cerium | |
With copper-zirconium catalysts |
2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
sulfuric acid
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
i-Amyl alcohol
C
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 38.5℃; elektrolytischen Oxydation an einer Bleidioxydanode; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With C31H40MnN2O3P*C6H14O; potassium tert-butylate In toluene; 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene at 110℃; for 48h; Schlenk technique; | 85% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With phosphorus; bromine |
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl-phenyl selenide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Benzeneselenol; sodium hydride 1.) THF, 2.) HMPA, 12 h, reflux; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Yields of byproduct given; |
isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate
Benzeneselenol
A
3-methylbutyric acid
B
isopentyl-phenyl selenide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydride 1.) THF, 2.) HMPA, 12 h, reflux; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Yields of byproduct given; |
Detail of ISOVALERIC ACID, ISOPENTYL ESTER (659-70-1).
Molecular Structure:
Name:ISOVALERIC ACID, ISOPENTYL ESTER
CAS Number:659-70-1
Molecular Formula:C10H20O2
Molecular Weight:172.30
EINECS:211-536-1
Density:0.854 g/mL at 25°C(lit.)
Boiling Point:192-193°C
Flash Point:152°F
Appearance:colorless to yellowish transparent liquid
FEMA:2085
refractive index:n20/D 1.412(lit.)
Merck:5121
NIST Chemistry Reference:659-70-1(NIST)
EPA Substance Registry System:659-70-1(EPA Substance)
Synonyms of ISOVALERIC ACID, ISOPENTYL ESTER (659-70-1):(3-methyl-1-butyl)3-methylbutanoate;3-methyl-butanoicaci3-methylbutylester;3-methyl-butanoicacid3-methyl-butylester;3-methylbutanoicacid3-methylbutylester;Apple oil;Appleoil;Butanoicacid,3-methyl-,3-methylbutylester;Isoamyl valerianate
ISOVALERIC ACID, ISOPENTYL ESTER (659-70-1) can be used for the preparation of food, daily flavor.And it is also be used as modifiers for the hawthorn flowers, apple flowers and other essences and used as the tobacco flavor.
ISOVALERIC ACID, ISOPENTYL ESTER (659-70-1) has the production.
Use the separation of fusel oil obtained from isoamyl alcohol to isoamyl alcohol to refined through two oxidation derived from isovaleric formed in the presence of sulfuric acid esterification. By iso-amyl alcohol and isoamyl aldehyde vapor (240 ~ 280 ℃) in the presence of hydrogen through the copper-uranium catalysts derived column.
1. | skn-rbt 500 mg/24H MOD | FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. 16 (1978),789. | ||
2. | orl-rbt LD50:13,956 mg/kg | IMSUAI Industrial Medicine and Surgery. 41 (1972),31. |
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