L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; hydrogen fluoride; methoxybenzene at 0℃; for 1h; Product distribution; Rate constant; other concentration of reagents; | 100% |
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid; 30 (v/v); trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 4h; Yield given; | |
With trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; Rate constant; | |
With recombinant Pseudomonas nitroreducens IFO12694 γ-glutamyltranspeptidase at 30℃; for 0.0333333h; pH=10.5; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction; | |
With E. coli BL21 Star (DE3) S30 extract In aq. buffer at 37℃; for 6h; pH=7.5; |
Boc-Glu(OBzl)-OH
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Nafion H; dimethylsulfide; 3-methyl-phenol; trifluoroacetic acid for 3h; | 100% |
With dimethylsulfide; hydrogen fluoride at 0℃; for 2h; Product distribution; Var.: HF in anisole; | 100% |
Z(OMe)-Glu(OBzl)-OH
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate; diphenyl sulfide In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 0.5h; Product distribution; New peptide deprotection procedure: hard-soft acid-base concept; the role of soft bases (thioanisole, dimethylsulfide, diphenylsulfide) employed.; | 100% |
N-α-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-glutamic acid, γ-cyclohexyl ester
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With phenylthiotrimethylsilane; pertrimethylsilylated Nafion; 3-methyl-phenol; trifluoroacetic acid for 3h; | 100% |
N-allyloxycarbonyl α-allyl-L-glutamate
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With diethylamine; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 3h; deallylation; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen In ethanol for 1.33333h; | 98% |
With hydrogen; hydroxyapatite-bound Pd In methanol at 40℃; for 12h; | 96% |
With hydrogen In ethanol at 20℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 3h; | 95% |
(S)-(N-benzyl-N-benzyloxycarbonyl)glutamic acid
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen; palladium dihydroxide In water; acetic acid for 45h; Ambient temperature; | 97% |
Boc-Glu(OtBu)-OH
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With triethylsilane; trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane for 1.08333h; Ambient temperature; | 96% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium bistriflamide; trifluoroacetic acid at 130℃; for 0.166667h; Ionic liquid; | 96% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; zinc(II) sulfate In water at 105℃; for 50h; Product distribution; Mechanism; Heating; at pH 6.5; variation of amount of substrate and added salts, reaction time and temperature; further metal salts; | 93.1% |
Rate constant; | |
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1.1: 100 percent / 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: 100 percent / 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid / CH2Cl2 / 4 h / 0 °C 3.1: bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride; silver(I) perchlorate / CH2Cl2 / 48 h 4.1: 9.40 g / 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine / acetonitrile / 1.5 h / 20 °C 5.1: sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide; N,N'-dimethylpropyleneurea / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -78 °C 5.2: tetrahydrofuran / 2 h 6.1: 6.48 g / hydrogen peroxide / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 20 °C 7.1: hydrogen / palladium on carbon / methanol 7.2: 77 percent / hydrochloric acid / Heating View Scheme |
Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH
A
L-glutamic acid
B
L-glutamic acid 5-tert-butyl ester
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH With sodium azide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 50℃; for 4h; Stage #2: With piperidine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide | A n/a B 92% |
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 7h; | 88% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 1,4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; ethanol; ammonium chloride; adenosine 5'-diphosphate; L-glutamic dehydrogenase at 30℃; for 2h; tris-acetate buffer, pH 8.5; | 86% |
With ammonium; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; 2-hydroxyethanethiol; GluDH enzymes Mechanism; Irradiation; Tris buffer, 0.1 M, pH 7.9; Ru(bpy)3(2+), 2.2E-5 M as sensitizer; | |
With L-alanin In water at 25℃; Thermodynamic data; Equilibrium constant; biochemical transamination reaction by alanine aminotransferase; further transamination reagents: L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine and further enzyme; pH 6.60-7.37; standard molar enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy changes; |
hexan-1-amine
(S)-2-(3,5-Dinitro-4-oxo-4H-pyridin-1-yl)-pentanedioic acid
A
L-glutamic acid
B
1-hexyl-3,5-dinitro-4-pyridone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In pyridine Product distribution; | A 84% B n/a |
Boc-Gln(Boc)-Otert.Bu
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With trifluoroacetic acid for 0.166667h; Ambient temperature; | 79% |
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (S)-5-((1R,5R)-5-Methyl-2,6,8-trioxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-1-yl)-1,5-dihydro-pyrrol-2-one With hydrogenchloride Heating; Stage #2: With Dowex 50W-X8 | 77% |
(5S)-1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-(5-methyl-2,7,8-trioxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-1-yl)-5H-pyrrolin-2-one
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (5S)-1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-(5-methyl-2,7,8-trioxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-1-yl)-5H-pyrrolin-2-one With hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal In methanol Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride Heating; | 77% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With boron trichloride In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 0.333333h; | 71% |
With sulfuric acid at 50℃; Rate constant; other reaction partner, other temperature; | |
With hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h; atmospheric pressure; | 41 mg |
With ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride; water In aq. phosphate buffer at 30℃; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Microbiological reaction; Enzymatic reaction; |
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ruthenium nanoparticles dispersed in a polyvinylpyrrolidone matrix; amberlyst A-21 In methanol; dichloromethane | 68% |
Boc-Gln-OH
trifluoroacetic acid
A
L-glutamic acid
B
L-Pyroglutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 20℃; for 0.25h; | A 61% B 18% |
(S)-3-[3-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-5-oxooxazolidin-4-yl]propanoic acid
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With boron trichloride In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 0.333333h; | 58% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With NH4Cl-NH4OH buffer pH 8.5; nickel dichloride at 60℃; for 24h; N-carbamyl-L-amino acid aminohydrolase; | 56% |
With potassium phosphate buffer; Pseudomonas sp. AJ-11220 In various solvent(s) at 30℃; for 1h; | |
With potassium phosphate buffer; Pseudomonas sp. AJ-11220 In various solvent(s) at 30℃; for 1h; pH 7.5; enzymatic reaction; |
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (S)-2-((R)-2-Allyloxy-1-phenyl-ethylamino)-pentanedinitrile With palladium dihydroxide; hydrogen In ethanol at 20℃; under 76000 Torr; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride; water at 100℃; | 20% |
α-ketoglutaric acid
L-alanin
A
L-glutamic acid
B
2-oxo-propionic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Gleichgewicht; | |
im lebenden tierischen Organismus; |
α-ketoglutaric acid
L-leucine
A
4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid
B
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
in Gegenwart von Enzym-Praeparaten aus tierischen Geweben; | |
in Gegenwart von Enzym-Praeparaten aus Pflanzen; | |
in Gegenwart von Enzym-Praeparaten aus Torulopsis utilis; | |
With Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora aromatic aminotransferase PAT1 Enzymatic reaction; |
α-ketoglutaric acid
L-Cysteic acid
A
L-glutamic acid
B
sulfo-pyruvic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
in Gegenwart von Transaminase-Praeparaten aus Herzmuskel; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Einwirkung von Streptococcus-Arten.Hydrolysis; | |
Einwirkung von Proteus vulgaris.Hydrolysis; | |
Einwirkung von Proteus morganii.Hydrolysis; | |
Einwirkung von Staphylococcus.Hydrolysis; | |
Einwirkung von Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Hydrolysis; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
enzymatische Hydrolyse; | |
With Tris-HCl buffer; N74D Escherichia coli asparagine synthetase B mutant; BIS-TRIS; magnesium chloride at 37℃; pH=6.5; Enzyme kinetics; Hydrolysis; | |
With potassium dihydrogenphosphate at 25℃; pH=5.14; Thermodynamic data; Equilibrium constant; Hydrolysis; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
nach Verfuetterung an Kaninchen findet sich im Harn; | |
Bei der Einw. des Schimmelpilzes Penicillium purpurogenum; | |
Einw. von Penicillium glaucum; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With chloro-trimethyl-silane at 20℃; for 0.25h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
With chloro-trimethyl-silane at 20℃; | 97% |
With chloro-trimethyl-silane at 20℃; for 0.166667h; | 97% |
methanol
L-glutamic acid
L-glutamic acid dimethyl ester
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With thionyl chloride | 100% |
With chloro-trimethyl-silane at 0 - 10℃; for 15h; | 99.1% |
With thionyl chloride at 0 - 20℃; for 12.5h; Inert atmosphere; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: methanol With thionyl chloride at 0℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: L-glutamic acid at 21℃; for 72h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
With chloro-trimethyl-silane at 20℃; | 99% |
With chloro-trimethyl-silane at 20℃; for 16h; | 98% |
L-glutamic acid
4-{[N-[(2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl]-N-methyl]amino}benzoyl azide
N-[4-[[(2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl]methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine In dimethyl sulfoxide at 25℃; for 1h; Acylation; | 100% |
chloro-trimethyl-silane
L-glutamic acid
L-glutamic dimethyl ester hydrochloride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 16h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With triethylamine In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 1h; | 100% |
With triethylamine In water; acetone at 25℃; for 4.5h; | 90% |
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid With sodium hydroxide In water pH=11; Stage #2: di-tert-butyl dicarbonate In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; Cooling; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In tetrahydrofuran; water pH=2; | 89% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In water at 5 - 20℃; for 18h; Heating / reflux; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In water at 5 - 20℃; for 24h; Heating / reflux; | 100% |
L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid With magnesium oxide In water at 60℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With magnesium chloride In water | 100% |
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid With magnesium oxide In water at 60℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With magnesium bromide In water | 100% |
L-glutamic acid
1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyridin-1-ium-3-carboxylate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water pH=3.52; Cooling with ice; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water for 0.166667h; pH=Ca. 2.8 - 3.3; Cooling with ice; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water for 0.25h; | 100% |
In water at 20℃; for 0.25h; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 55℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid; tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydroxide In methanol Stage #2: (S)-1,1-dinaphthalene-2,2'-dicarboxaldehyde In methanol at 20℃; for 72h; Molecular sieve; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) for 0.166667h; Green chemistry; | 99.5% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid In toluene for 24h; Heating; | 99% |
With acetyl chloride at 110℃; for 1h; | |
Reflux; |
L-glutamic acid
chloroformic acid ethyl ester
3-Phenylpropionic acid
A
C8H13NO6
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: chloroformic acid ethyl ester; 3-Phenylpropionic acid With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: L-glutamic acid With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran; water at 0℃; for 0.5h; pH=7.5; | A n/a B 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol at 0℃; for 4h; Reflux; | 99% |
L-glutamic acid
benzyl alcohol
L-glutamic acid dibenzyl ester hydrochloride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid; benzyl alcohol With thionyl chloride at 80 - 85℃; for 5h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride at 20 - 25℃; for 0.5h; Concentration; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; | 98.7% |
With thionyl chloride at 5℃; for 5.33333h; Heating; | 85% |
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid; benzyl alcohol at 20 - 90℃; Stage #2: With sodium carbonate In water pH=10; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In diethyl ether |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With triethylamine In methanol for 3h; | 98% |
With sodium hydroxide In water at 0 - 20℃; for 6.5h; | 98% |
In water at 0℃; for 2h; | 96% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With thionyl chloride at 20℃; for 24h; | 98% |
With thionyl chloride Ambient temperature; | 89% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With thionyl chloride | 98% |
Stage #1: ethanol; L-glutamic acid With bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate at 70 - 75℃; for 5h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride at 20 - 25℃; for 0.5h; | 98% |
Stage #1: ethanol With thionyl chloride at -10 - 10℃; for 1h; Stage #2: L-glutamic acid at 20 - 80℃; for 2h; | 77.76% |
L-glutamic acid
(2S)-tetrahydro-5-oxofuran-2-carboxylic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite In water at 15℃; optical yield given as %ee; | 98% |
With hydrogenchloride; water; sodium nitrite at 0 - 20℃; for 18h; | 92% |
With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite In water at -5 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere; | 91.6% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water for 0.0666667h; Irradiation; | 98% |
at 0 - 20℃; | 61% |
With water | 58% |
With acetic acid Heating; |
L-glutamic acid
m-nitrobenzoic acid chloride
N-(m-nitrobenzoyl)-L-glutamic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With chloro-trimethyl-silane; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 4h; | 98% |
Stage #1: L-glutamic acid With sodium hydrogencarbonate In water Stage #2: m-nitrobenzoic acid chloride In water; benzene at 10℃; for 1h; Further stages.; | |
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; for 12h; |
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
1. Introduction of L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid, with the IUPAC Name of (2S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid, is one kind of white cryst. powder. This chemical belongs to the Product Categories which include Food & Feed ADDITIVES; chiral; Glutamic acid [Glu, E]; Amino Acids and Derivatives; alpha-Amino Acids; Amino Acids; Biochemistry; for Resolution of Bases; Optical Resolution; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Nutritional Supplements; Amino Acids; Chiral Compound; Glutamate receptor; Glutamate; fine chemicals; glutamic acid; amino acid; bio-chemical; chemicals; food additive; food additives; nutritional supplement; organic acids; pharmaceutical intermediate.
2. Properties of L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid has the following property datas: (1)Melting point: 205 °C; (2)Index of Refraction: 1.522; (3)Molar Refractivity: 31.83 cm3; (4)Molar Volume: 104.3 cm3; (5)Surface Tension: 69.2 dyne/cm; (6)Density: 1.409 g/cm3; (7)Flash Point: 155.7 °C; (8)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 63.39 kJ/mol; (9)Boiling Point: 333.8 °C at 760 mmHg; (10)Vapour Pressure: 2.55E-05 mmHg at 25 °C; (11)storage temp.: Store at RT.; (12)solubility: 1 M HCl: 100 mg/mL; (13)Water Solubility: 7.5 g/L (20 °C).
3. Structure Descriptors of L-Glutamic acid
You could convert the following datas into the molecular structure:
InChI: InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m0/s1
InChIKey: InChIKey=WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N
Smiles: [C@H](CCC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)N
4. Toxicity of L-Glutamic acid
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
human | TDLo | intravenous | 117mg/kg (117mg/kg) | GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | American Journal of the Medical Sciences. Vol. 214, Pg. 281, 1947. |
human | TDLo | oral | 71mg/kg (71mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: HEADACHE | Science. Vol. 163, Pg. 826, 1969. |
rabbit | LD50 | oral | > 2300mg/kg (2300mg/kg) | FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. Vol. 48A, Pg. 42, 1970. | |
rat | LD50 | oral | > 30gm/kg (30000mg/kg) | FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. Vol. 48A, Pg. 42, 1970. |
6. Production of L-Glutamic acid
L-Glutamic acid can be obtained directly from fermentation of carbohydrates with Micrococcus glutarnicus or Brevihacterium divaricatum.
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