Chlorine dioxide

  Chlorine dioxide  is reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Community Right-To-Know List.

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.1 ppm; STEL 0.3 ppm
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.1 ppm; STEL 0.3 ppm
DFG MAK: 0.1 ppm (0.28 mg/m³)
DOT Classification:  Forbidden

Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO₂. With the CAS NO.10049-04-4, it also called Alcide; alcide[qr]; Anthium dioxcide; anthiumdioxcide; anthiumdioxcide[qr]; chlorindioxide; Chlorine oxide (ClO₂); Chlorine(IV) oxide. Chlorine dioxide is used primarily (>95%) for bleaching of wood pulp, and for the disinfection (called chlorination) of municipal drinking water.

Preparation of Chlorine dioxide: In the laboratory, ClO₂ is prepared by oxidation of sodium chlorite:
2 NaClO₂ + Cl₂ → 2 ClO₂ + 2 NaCl

Over 95% of the chlorine dioxide produced in the world today is made from sodium chlorate and is used for pulp bleaching. It is produced with high efficiency by reducing sodium chlorate in a strong acid solution with a suitable reducing agent such as methanol, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid or sulfur dioxide. Modern technologies are based on methanol or hydrogen peroxide, as these chemistries allows the best economy and do not co-produce elemental chlorine. The overall reaction can be written: Chlorate + Acid + reducing agent → Chlorine Dioxide + By-products

The reaction of sodium chlorate with hydrochloric acid in a single reactor is believed to proceed via the following pathway:
HClO₃ + HCl → HClO₂ + HOCl
HClO₃ + HClO₂ → 2 ClO₂ + Cl₂ + 2 H₂O
HOCl + HCl → Cl₂ + H₂O

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
1. Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer);
2. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice;
3. After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer);
4. Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection;
5. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment;
6. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible);
7. Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet;

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)InChI=1S/ClO2/c2-1-3;
(2)InChIKey=OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
(3)SmilesCl([O])=O

The toxicity data is as follows: