Product Name

  • Name

    D-Serine

  • EINECS 206-229-4
  • CAS No. 312-84-5
  • Article Data87
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 1.415 g/cm3
  • Solubility water: 346 g/L (20 °C)
  • Melting Point 220 °C
  • Formula C3H7NO3
  • Boiling Point 394.8 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 215.129
  • Flash Point 192.6 °C
  • Transport Information
  • Appearance white powder
  • Safety 24/25-36-26
  • Risk Codes 36/37/38
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 312-84-5 (D-Serine)
  • Hazard Symbols IrritantXi
  • Synonyms Serine D-form;(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid;Serine, D-;D-Serin;(R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid;D-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid;D-(+)-Serine;H-D-Ser-OH;D-Serine 99% min.;
  • PSA 83.55000
  • LogP -0.90910

Synthetic route

(R)-3-Hydroxy-2-((R)-2-methoxy-1-phenyl-ethylamino)-propionic acid tert-butyl ester
361147-87-7

(R)-3-Hydroxy-2-((R)-2-methoxy-1-phenyl-ethylamino)-propionic acid tert-butyl ester

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; palladium dihydroxide In ethanol; water100%
(2R)-1-tritylaziridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester
160233-42-1

(2R)-1-tritylaziridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With perchloric acid for 30h; Heating;97%
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

glycine
56-40-6

glycine

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; D-threonine aldolase (DTA) P3005; magnesium chloride In water at 30℃; for 24h; pH=7.3; pH-value; Concentration; Temperature; Large scale; Enzymatic reaction;97%
With pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; D-threonine aldolase from Arthrobacter sp ATCC at 30℃; for 16h; pH=7; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; pH-value; Enzymatic reaction; enantioselective reaction;84%
Stage #1: glycine With (S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-(2-chlorobenzyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide; sodium methylate; nickel(II) nitrate In methanol at 50℃;
Stage #2: formaldehyd With sodium methylate In methanol at 20℃; optical yield given as %ee; enantioselective reaction; Further stages;
3-hydroxy-2-oxopropionic acid
1113-60-6

3-hydroxy-2-oxopropionic acid

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With isopropylamine In aq. buffer for 20h; pH=7.0; Enzymatic reaction;95%
With (R)-selective ω-transaminase from arthrobacter sp.; isopropylamine In aq. phosphate buffer at 37℃; for 2h; pH=7; Reagent/catalyst; Enzymatic reaction;n/a
(R)-3-Benzyloxy-2-(2-oxo-4-phenyl-oxazolidin-3-yl)-propionic acid

(R)-3-Benzyloxy-2-(2-oxo-4-phenyl-oxazolidin-3-yl)-propionic acid

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia; lithium In tetrahydrofuran; tert-butyl alcohol at -78℃; for 0.5h;94%
(R)-3-Benzyloxy-2-((R)-2-oxo-4-phenyl-oxazolidin-3-yl)-propionic acid
206068-41-9

(R)-3-Benzyloxy-2-((R)-2-oxo-4-phenyl-oxazolidin-3-yl)-propionic acid

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia; lithium In tetrahydrofuran; tert-butyl alcohol at -78℃; for 0.5h; Birch reduction;94%
(R)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
152612-69-6

(R)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoic acid

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In methanol85%
With Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 recombinant Atu3266 protein; water at 30℃; for 15h; pH=7.6; Enzymatic reaction;
C15H15N3*C10H9Cl2NO4

C15H15N3*C10H9Cl2NO4

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: C15H15N3*C10H9Cl2NO4 With hydrogenchloride In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 1h;
Stage #2: With triethylamine In ethanol; dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h;
85%
(1'S,5R)-1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-3-(1'-phenyleth-1'-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-4-one
138261-21-9

(1'S,5R)-1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-3-(1'-phenyleth-1'-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-4-one

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In methanol for 24h; Heating;65%
methyl (+)-(2R,1'S)-1-(1-phenylethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylate

methyl (+)-(2R,1'S)-1-(1-phenylethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylate

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With perchloric acid at 80℃; for 0.5h;65%
serin
302-84-1

serin

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Vergaerung durch Hefe in Gegenwart von Zucker;
Stage #1: serin at 37℃; for 42h; pH=7.3 - 7.4; Microbiological reaction; aq. phosphate buffer; Inert atmosphere;
Stage #2: pH=7.3 - 7.4; aq. phosphate buffer;
Stage #3: With ammonia In water enantioselective reaction;
3.47 g
Stage #1: serin With tetraphenyl phosphonium chloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane for 2h; Resolution of racemate; Flow reactor;
Stage #2: With sodium hydroxide In water
Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride; water for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; enantioselective reaction;
n/a
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; sodium hydroxide In water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane for 1h; Enzymatic reaction; enantioselective reaction;
N-chloroacetyl-D-serine
911445-13-1

N-chloroacetyl-D-serine

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride
D-serine benzyl ester
133099-79-3

D-serine benzyl ester

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride
With Streptomyces spp. 82F2 D-aminopeptidase In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 0.0833333h; pH=6.5; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction;
(R)-2-(isoindolin-2-yl)-3-methoxypropanoic acid
51293-45-9

(R)-2-(isoindolin-2-yl)-3-methoxypropanoic acid

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen iodide; acetic acid
L-serin
56-45-1

L-serin

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 140℃; Rate constant; pH 8.0;
In water at 140℃; Mechanism; pH 8.0; other neutral, hydroxy, thioether, and acidic amino acids;
With Geobacillus stearothermophilus alanine racemase with an asparagine mutation at Tyr354 pH=7.5; aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction;
With recombinant rat serine racemase; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; ATP; magnesium chloride In water at 37℃; pH=9; Kinetics; Concentration; Reagent/catalyst; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction;
serin
302-84-1

serin

A

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

B

L-serin
56-45-1

L-serin

Pyoverdine Pa

Pyoverdine Pa

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
hydrolysis;
(2R)-3-benzyloxy-2-aminopropanoic acid methyl ester
84907-81-3

(2R)-3-benzyloxy-2-aminopropanoic acid methyl ester

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride Heating;
With hydrogenchloride; methyloxirane 1.) H2O, reflux, 3 h, 2.) EtOH, reflux, 15 min; Yield given. Multistep reaction;
(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid hydrochloride
155846-56-3

(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid hydrochloride

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With methyloxirane In ethanol for 0.25h; Heating; Yield given;
2,2',ΔAla4,D-Ser4'>-GS
82155-99-5

2,2',ΔAla4,D-Ser4'>-GS

A

L-alanin
56-41-7

L-alanin

B

L-valine
72-18-4

L-valine

C

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

D

L-leucine
61-90-5

L-leucine

E

L-ornithine
70-26-8

L-ornithine

F

L-proline
147-85-3

L-proline

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen Product distribution;
C58H100N12O16
82156-00-1

C58H100N12O16

A

L-alanin
56-41-7

L-alanin

B

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

C

L-leucine
61-90-5

L-leucine

D

L-ornithine
70-26-8

L-ornithine

E

2-oxo-propionic acid
127-17-3

2-oxo-propionic acid

F

L-proline
147-85-3

L-proline

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen Product distribution;
luzopeptin C
76110-01-5

luzopeptin C

A

sarcosine
107-97-1

sarcosine

B

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

C

L-β-hydroxy-N-methylvaline
77421-34-2

L-β-hydroxy-N-methylvaline

D

glycine
56-40-6

glycine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 100℃; for 18h; Further byproducts given;
luzopeptin C
76110-01-5

luzopeptin C

A

sarcosine
107-97-1

sarcosine

B

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

C

3-hydroxy-6-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid
77421-33-1

3-hydroxy-6-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid

D

glycine
56-40-6

glycine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 100℃; for 18h; Further byproducts given;
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

(S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
96293-17-3, 105024-93-9, 105112-33-2

(S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

glycine
56-40-6

glycine

A

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

B

L-serin
56-45-1

L-serin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nickel nitrate; water; sodium methylate; triethylamine 1.) MeOH, 2 h, 50 deg C; 2.) MeOH, 50 deg C; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Yields of byproduct given;
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

(S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
96293-17-3, 105024-93-9, 105112-33-2

(S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

glycine
56-40-6

glycine

A

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

B

L-serin
56-45-1

L-serin

C

L-homoserine
672-15-1

L-homoserine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nickel nitrate; water; sodium methylate; triethylamine 1.) MeOH, 2 h, 50 deg C; 2.) MeOH, 50 deg C; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Yields of byproduct given;
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

glycine
56-40-6

glycine

A

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

B

L-serin
56-45-1

L-serin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer containing different quantity of (S)-2N-(prolyl)aminobenzophenone groups on it; triethylamine Product distribution; further tertiary amine;
cycloserine
68-41-7

cycloserine

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water In various solvent(s) Rate constant; Irradiation; radiolysis, var. pH;
N-carbamyl-D-serine
24809-86-7

N-carbamyl-D-serine

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite at 0℃;
pholipeptin

pholipeptin

A

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

B

L-threonine
72-19-5

L-threonine

C

(R)-leucine
328-38-1

(R)-leucine

D

L-isoleucine
73-32-5

L-isoleucine

E

(2R)-aspartic acid
1783-96-6

(2R)-aspartic acid

F

L-Aspartic acid
56-84-8

L-Aspartic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 120℃; for 20h; Product distribution;
mono-(6-anilino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin D-serine 1:1 complex

mono-(6-anilino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin D-serine 1:1 complex

A

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

B

mono-(6-anilino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin

mono-(6-anilino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With disodium hydrogenphosphate; sodium dihydrogenphosphate In water at 25℃; pH=7.20; Equilibrium constant; Further Variations:; Temperatures; decomplexation;
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

D-serine methyl ester
2104-89-4, 2788-84-3, 24184-43-8

D-serine methyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride for 18h; Heating;100%
Stage #1: methanol With acetyl chloride at 0℃; for 0.333333h;
Stage #2: D-Serine for 2h; Reflux;
99%
With hydrogenchloride at 20℃; for 16h;97%
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

R-(-)-serine methyl ester hydrochloride
5874-57-7

R-(-)-serine methyl ester hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With acetyl chloride for 2.5h; Heating;100%
Stage #1: methanol; D-Serine With acetyl chloride at 0℃;
Stage #2: In methanol for 3h; Heating;
100%
With hydrogenchloride In water at 55℃;100%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate
24424-99-5

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0 - 25℃; for 2h;100%
With sodium hydrogencarbonate; sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane at 0 - 20℃;100%
With sodium hydrogencarbonate; sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0 - 20℃; for 24.5h;100%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

acetic anhydride
108-24-7

acetic anhydride

(R)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
152612-69-6

(R)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydrogencarbonate In methanol; water at 20℃; for 0.5h; Green chemistry;100%
With acetic acid for 24h; Ambient temperature;
In acetic acid at 20℃; for 24h;
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

A

D-Serine Methyl Ester Hydrochloric Acid Salt

D-Serine Methyl Ester Hydrochloric Acid Salt

B

methyl (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoate hydrochloride
5680-80-8

methyl (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoate hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanolA n/a
B 99%
Conditions
ConditionsYield
With di-tert-butyl dicarbonate; sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0 - 20℃; for 7h;99%
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate
24424-99-5

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate

2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-hydroxypropionic acid methyl ester
95715-85-8

2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-hydroxypropionic acid methyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: methanol; D-Serine With acetyl chloride for 2h; Heating;
Stage #2: di-tert-butyl dicarbonate With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 3h; Further stages.;
98%
Stage #1: methanol; D-Serine With thionyl chloride at 0 - 20℃; for 6h;
Stage #2: di-tert-butyl dicarbonate With sodium hydrogencarbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; for 12h;
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid hydrochloride
155846-56-3

(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With thionyl chloride In methanol at 0 - 20℃;98%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Λ-[Ir(2-phenylquinoline)2(MeCN)2](PF6)

Λ-[Ir(2-phenylquinoline)2(MeCN)2](PF6)

Δ-[Ir(pq)2(D-ser)]

Δ-[Ir(pq)2(D-ser)]

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium methylate In methanol at 20℃; for 12h; Darkness;98%
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

acetyl chloride
75-36-5

acetyl chloride

R-(-)-serine methyl ester hydrochloride
5874-57-7

R-(-)-serine methyl ester hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: methanol; acetyl chloride for 0.0833333h; Cooling with ice;
Stage #2: D-Serine for 2h; Reflux;
97%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

benzyl chloroformate
501-53-1

benzyl chloroformate

N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-D-serine
6081-61-4

N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-D-serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydrogencarbonate In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 12h;96%
Stage #1: D-Serine With sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 0 - 5℃;
Stage #2: benzyl chloroformate In water; toluene at 0 - 20℃;
95%
With sodium hydrogencarbonate at 20℃; for 4h;91%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

2-(1-hydroxy-3-methylbutylidene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione
172611-72-2

2-(1-hydroxy-3-methylbutylidene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione

N-(ivDde)-D-serine
925913-21-9

N-(ivDde)-D-serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In methanol Heating / reflux;96%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

benzenesulfonyl chloride
98-09-9

benzenesulfonyl chloride

N-(Phenylsulfonyl)-D-serine
103197-51-9

N-(Phenylsulfonyl)-D-serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium carbonate at 20℃; for 24h; Substitution;95%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

toluene-4-sulfonic acid
104-15-4

toluene-4-sulfonic acid

benzyl alcohol
100-51-6

benzyl alcohol

D-serine benzyl ester p-toluenesulfonic acid salt

D-serine benzyl ester p-toluenesulfonic acid salt

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In tetrachloromethane for 9h; Heating;95%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

N-(9H-fluoren-2-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide
82911-69-1

N-(9H-fluoren-2-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide

(R)-N-(fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)serine
73724-45-5, 136083-72-2, 116861-26-8

(R)-N-(fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydrogencarbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water95%
9-methoxyacridine
10228-90-7

9-methoxyacridine

D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

(R)-2-(Acridin-9-ylamino)-3-hydroxy-propionic acid

(R)-2-(Acridin-9-ylamino)-3-hydroxy-propionic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol for 10h; Heating;92%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

(S)-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)valine
1149-26-4

(S)-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)valine

N--(R)-serine methylester
155225-25-5

N--(R)-serine methylester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 3h;91.2%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

4-bromo-2-fluoronitrobenzene
321-23-3

4-bromo-2-fluoronitrobenzene

(5-bromo-2-nitrophenyl)-d-serin

(5-bromo-2-nitrophenyl)-d-serin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium carbonate In ethanol; water at 100℃; for 10h;91%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

acetyl chloride
75-36-5

acetyl chloride

R-(-)-serine methyl ester hydrochloride
5874-57-7

R-(-)-serine methyl ester hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol for 15.5h; Reflux;91%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

D-2-amino-3-chloropropionic acid chloride hydrochloride
121362-14-9

D-2-amino-3-chloropropionic acid chloride hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: D-Serine With hydrogenchloride In chloroform for 0.166667h;
Stage #2: With thionyl chloride In chloroform at 0℃; Reflux;
90%
With phosphorus pentachloride; acetyl chloride at 20℃; for 4h;89%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

Allyl chloroformate
2937-50-0

Allyl chloroformate

N-(Alloc)-D-serine
925913-18-4

N-(Alloc)-D-serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium carbonate In water; acetonitrile at 5 - 20℃; for 12.5h;89%
With sodium carbonate In water; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 30h;
With sodium carbonate In water; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 8h; Cooling with ice;
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water Inert atmosphere;
With sodium carbonate In water; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 30h;
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

benzyl N-[(1S)-2-(1H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl]carbamate
820239-42-7

benzyl N-[(1S)-2-(1H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

(2R)-2-((2S)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)propanamido)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
17460-58-1

(2R)-2-((2S)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)propanamido)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In water; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 2h;89%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

tert-butyl (2,4-dioxo-3-azaspiro[5,5]undecan-3-yl) carbonate

tert-butyl (2,4-dioxo-3-azaspiro[5,5]undecan-3-yl) carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In water; acetone at 25℃; for 11h; Temperature;89%
D-Serine
312-84-5

D-Serine

benzaldehyde
100-52-7

benzaldehyde

N-(phenylmethyl)-D-serine
106910-77-4

N-(phenylmethyl)-D-serine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: D-Serine; benzaldehyde With sodium hydroxide In water at 20℃; for 1h;
Stage #2: With sodium tetrahydroborate In water at 5 - 20℃; for 17.5h;
Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In water pH=5;
88%
Stage #1: D-Serine; benzaldehyde With sodium hydroxide In water at 20℃; for 1h;
Stage #2: With sodium tetrahydroborate In water at 5 - 20℃; for 17.5h;
88%
Stage #1: D-Serine; benzaldehyde With sodium hydroxide In water at 20℃; for 1h;
Stage #2: With sodium tetrahydroborate In water at 5 - 20℃;
88%
Stage #1: D-Serine; benzaldehyde With sodium hydroxide In water at 20℃; for 0.5h;
Stage #2: With sodium tetrahydroborate In water at 6 - 20℃; for 4.41h; ice-salt bath;
Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride; water pH=~ 6.5;
46%
With sodium hydroxide; sodium tetrahydroborate 1) 30 min; 2) 6-10 deg C; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

D-Serine Specification

The D-Serine, with the cas register number 312-84-5, has other names as d-(+)-serine; d-serine; d-2-amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid; d-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid; d-beta-hydroxyalanine; h-d-ser-oh; 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid; (r)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid.

The physical characteristics of this chemical could be summarized as: (1)ACD/LogP: -1.58; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -4.08; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -4.08; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1; (8)#H bond acceptors: 4; (9)#H bond donors: 4; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 4; (11)Polar Surface Area: 38.77; (12)Index of Refraction: 1.519; (13)Molar Refractivity: 22.54 cm3; (14)Molar Volume: 74.2 cm3; (15)Polarizability: 8.93 ×10-24 cm3; (16)Surface Tension: 72.2 dyne/cm; (17)Density: 1.415 g/cm3; (18)Flash Point: 192.6 °C; (19)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 74.56 kJ/mol; (20)Boiling Point: 394.8 °C at 760 mmHg; (21)Vapour Pressure: 7.17E-08 mmHg at 25°C.

This is a kind of white powder, and its water solubility is 346 g/L (20 ºC). Being among the irritant chemicals, it is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin, and it may cause inflammation to the skin or other mucous membranes. So while dealing with this chemical, you should be very cautious and had better take the following instructions. The first important thing is to wear suitable protective clothing. And avoid contact with skin and eyes, if in case of contacting with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. And you could also convert to the WGK Germany  3 to get more safety information.

When comes to its usage, it is widely applied in many ways. It could be used in curing inflammatory disease, such as temple arteritis and multiple rheumatic disease; Then it could also be used in biochemical study, preparation in TCM Tissue Culture Medium, Amino Acids-like nutriceutical in medicine; Besides, it could also be as the pharmaceutic intermediate and chemical reagents.
 
As to its product categories, there are various, including amino acid derivatives; serine [ser, s]; amino acids and derivatives; alpha-amino acids; amino acids; biochemistry; amino acids; glutamate receptor; glutamate; while its raw materials are chloroacetyl chloride, 2-n-butoxyethyl methacrylate, dl-serine, and aminoacylase.

The simple way to produce this chemical is below: DL-serine reacts with chloroacetic chloride in alkaling conndition and then go through a list of process of decompressing, drying by distillation, extracting by ethyl acetate, and then have the activated carbontreatment and splitting of acylaseI, finally, you could get this chemical.

In addition, you could refer to the following information to obtain the molecular structure:
SMILES:O=C(O)[C@H](N)CO
InChI:InChI=1/C3H7NO3/c4-2(1-5)3(6)7/h2,5H,1,4H2,(H,6,7)/t2-/m1/s1
InChIKey:MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UWTATZPHBH

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