Triphenyl phosphate supplier

Name
Triphenyl phosphate
EINECS 204-112-2
CAS No. 115-86-6
Article Data157
CAS DataBase
Density 1.265 g/cm³
Solubility insoluble in water
Melting Point 47-53 °C
Formula C₁₈H₁₅O₄P
Boiling Point 412.4 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 326.288
Flash Point 201.2 °C
Transport Information UN 3077 9/PG 3
Appearance colourless crystals
Safety 36/37-61-60-24/25-22-36-26-16
Risk Codes 22-38-40-48/20/22-50/53-52/53-36/37/38
Molecular Structure
Hazard Symbols N,Xn,F
Synonyms TPP;Triphenyl phosphate(TPP);
PSA 54.57000
LogP 5.33150

Synthetic route

: 101-02-0
triphenyl phosphite

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With bis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) telluroxide In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 0.5h;	100%
With 1-methyl-3-(4-((2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)tellanyl)benzyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate; Rose Bengal lactone at 15℃; for 2.5h; Reagent/catalyst; Irradiation; Ionic liquid;	99%
With iodosylbenzene; Montmorillonite K10 In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 2h;	93%

: 2524-64-3
chlorophosphoric acid diphenyl ester

: 108-95-2
phenol

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With titanium(IV) tetrabutoxide; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h;	99%
With titanium tetrachloride; triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 1h;	98%
With molybdenum(VI) tetrachloride oxide; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h;	98%

: 7248-72-8
O,O,O-triphenyl selenophosphate

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With Montmorillonite K10; iodoxybenzene In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 5h;	96%

: 838-85-7
diphenyl hydrogen phosphate

: 66003-76-7
Diphenyliodonium triflate

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In toluene at 110℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere;	96%

: 139-02-6
sodium phenoxide

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With Amberlyst A-26 chloride; trichlorophosphate In benzene for 1h; Ambient temperature;	94%
With PEG-400; trichlorophosphate In chloroform; water at 30 - 45℃; for 1.5h;	90%
With trichlorophosphate In dichloromethane for 2h; Heating;	90%

: 838-85-7
diphenyl hydrogen phosphate

: 108-95-2
phenol

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tetrachloromethane; copper; sodium carbonate; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 100℃; for 12h; Sealed tube;	93%
With dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 6h; Inert atmosphere;	27%
With N,N-dimethyl-aniline; 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;	11%

: 108-95-2
phenol

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With phosphorus pentachloride In methanol; dichloromethane	92%
With trichlorophosphate; aluminium trichloride In water; toluene	91%
With sodium hydroxide; trichlorophosphate for 2h; Esterification; Microwave irradiation;	90%

: 26386-88-9
diphenyl phosphoryl azide

: 108-95-2
phenol

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium carbonate; zinc(II) acetylacetonate In 1,4-dioxane at 60℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;	92%

: 101-02-0
triphenyl phosphite

: 121-45-9
phosphorous acid trimethyl ester

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 18351-42-3
dimethyl phenylphosphonite

C: 7526-26-3
diphenyl methylphosphonate

D: 108-95-2
phenol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: triphenyl phosphite; methyl iodide at 20 - 240℃; Stage #2: phosphorous acid trimethyl ester at 210 - 260℃; for 4h; Product distribution / selectivity;	A n/a B n/a C 91.8% D n/a

...Expand

: 101-02-0
triphenyl phosphite

: 3156-70-5
1-Nitropropen

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 81913-76-0
diphenyl (1-cyanoethyl)phosphonate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
for 48h; Ambient temperature;	A 81% B 80%

...Expand

: 19613-06-0
pentaphenoxyphosphorane

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetonitrile Reduction; Electrochemical reaction; Pt electrode;	80%

: 92-69-3
4-Phenylphenol

: 108-95-2
phenol

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 17269-99-7
biphenyl-4-yl diphenyl phosphate

C: 17270-00-7
bis(para-biphenyl)phenyl phosphate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-Phenylphenol With magnesium chloride; trichlorophosphate at 0℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: phenol at 25℃; Temperature;	A 5.2% B 79% C 14.8%
Stage #1: 4-Phenylphenol With manganese(ll) chloride; trichlorophosphate In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Industry scale; Stage #2: phenol In dichloromethane at 0 - 25℃; Product distribution / selectivity; Inert atmosphere; Industry scale;	A 20.9 %Chromat. B 67 %Chromat. C 10 %Chromat.

...Expand

: 108-95-2
phenol

A: 101-02-0
triphenyl phosphite

B: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine In acetonitrile at 50℃; electrosynthesis;	A 78% B 20%

: 597-82-0
O,O,O-triphenyl phosphorothioate

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With iodosylbenzene; Montmorillonite K10 In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 3h;	72%
With ozone In dichloromethane at -75℃;	54%
With 3-methylpyridazine-2-oxide In dichloromethane for 5h; Irradiation;	32%
With pyridine; trifluoroacetic anhydride for 48h;	10%
With 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid at -5℃; Yield given;

: 838-85-7
diphenyl hydrogen phosphate

: 98-80-6
phenylboronic acid

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; urea; copper(I) bromide In acetonitrile at 80℃; for 12h; Molecular sieve; Schlenk technique;	65%

: 2524-64-3
chlorophosphoric acid diphenyl ester

: 74-88-4
methyl iodide

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 7526-26-3
diphenyl methylphosphonate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: chlorophosphoric acid diphenyl ester With potassium naphthalenide In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; for 0.25h; Stage #2: methyl iodide In tetrahydrofuran	A 10% B 62%

...Expand

: 96-49-1
[1,3]-dioxolan-2-one

: 2524-64-3
chlorophosphoric acid diphenyl ester

A: 22564-57-4
bis(2-chloroethyl) phenyl phosphate

B: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

C: 5314-06-7
2-chloroethyl diphenyl phosphate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With guanidine hydrogen carbonate at 120℃; for 3h;	A 3% B 3% C 59%
With lithium fluoride at 170℃; for 3h;	A 10% B 20% C 35%
With lithium chloride at 170℃; for 3h;	A 10% B 18% C 28%

...Expand

: 3582-11-4
trichloromethylphosphonous dichloride

: 108-95-2
phenol

A: 101-02-0
triphenyl phosphite

B: 67-66-3
chloroform

C: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
	A 55.6% B 34% C 6.7%

...Expand

: C25H26O4P(1+)*ClH*Cl(1-)

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 765-67-3
1-chlorobicyclo[2.2.1]heptane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 113 - 140℃;	A n/a B 46%

: 92-69-3
4-Phenylphenol

: 108-95-2
phenol

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 3871-23-6
tris(4-biphenyl) phosphate

C: 17269-99-7
biphenyl-4-yl diphenyl phosphate

D: 17270-00-7
bis(para-biphenyl)phenyl phosphate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-Phenylphenol With magnesium chloride; trichlorophosphate at 25℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: phenol at 25℃; Temperature;	A 34.8% B 5% C 43% D 15.4%

...Expand

: 29833-83-8
triphenyl phosphite ozonide

: 6-isopropylidene-2,2-dimethyl-4-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-dioxine

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 6-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxin-4-one

C: 345304-95-2
6-(1-hydroperoxy-1-methyl)ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxin-4-one

D: 345305-02-4
6-(1-(diphenylphosphoryl)peroxy-1-methyl)ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxin-4-one

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With triphenyl phosphite ozonide In dichloromethane at -78 - 20℃; for 1h; Product distribution;	A n/a B 11% C 42% D 19%

...Expand

: 126793-90-6
Triphenyl(diethoxyphosphorylimido)phosphate

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 140℃; for 5h;	15%
at 140℃; for 5h; thermal decomposition; other educts, other reaction times, other temperatures, also in solvent decalin;	15%

: 108-86-1
bromobenzene

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium phosphate; copper; copper dichloride UV-Licht;

: 101-84-8
diphenylether

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With phosphorus pentoxide at 130 - 150℃;

: 4773-12-0
diphenyl sulfite

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With trichlorophosphate at 120 - 130℃;
With phosphorus pentachloride at 120 - 130℃;

: 6214-04-6
diphenyl diethylphosphoramidate

A: 2622-07-3
hexaethylphosphorous triamide

B: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
bei der Destillation im Vakuum;

: 13165-73-6
phenyl chlorosulphinate

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With trichlorophosphate

: 94578-40-2
trichloroacetyl-triphenoxyphosphoranyliden-amine

A: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

B: 545-06-2
trichloroacetonitrile

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 300℃;

: 15086-27-8
aluminium(III) phenoxide

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With phosphorus pentoxide at 300℃;

: 770-12-7
O-phenyl phosphorodichloridate

: 108-95-2
phenol

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: H12N3O15Tm

: C54H45N3O21P3Tm

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	99.8%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: ErH12N3O15

: C54H45ErN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	99.2%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 90-41-5
2-phenylaniline

: 35887-50-4
N-(2-biphenyl)aniline

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; potassium carbonate at 130℃; for 16h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	99%
With N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; [Pd(π-cinnamyl)Cl]2 at 130℃; for 16h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	99%

: 580-15-4
6-aminoquinoline

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 70682-98-3
N-phenylquinolin-6-amine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; potassium carbonate at 130℃; for 16h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	99%
With N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; [Pd(π-cinnamyl)Cl]2 at 130℃; for 16h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	99%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: EuH12N3O15

: C54H45EuN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	98.6%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: H12N3O15Yb

: C54H45N3O21P3Yb

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	98.3%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: DyH12N3O15

: C54H45DyN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	98.1%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 13170-43-9
(trimethylsilyl)methylmagnesium chloride

: 770-09-2
benzyltrimethylsilane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
bis(acetylacetonate)nickel(II) In diethyl ether for 15h; Ambient temperature;	98%

: 120-72-9
indole

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 16096-33-6
1-phenyl-1H-indole

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; potassium carbonate at 130℃; for 4h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	98%
With N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; [Pd(π-cinnamyl)Cl]2 at 130℃; for 4h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	98%

: 1228427-47-1, 404333-27-3, 404333-28-4, 68811-97-2
La(NO3)3(H2O)6

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: C54H45LaN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	98%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: CeH12N3O15

: C54H45CeN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	98%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: H12N3O15Pr

: C54H45N3O21P3Pr

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	98%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: GdH12N3O15

: C54H45GdN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	97.2%

: 19803-49-7
3-chloro-2,5-bis(2-methylpropyl)pyrazine

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 84022-56-0
2,5-Diisobutyl-3-phenoxy-pyrazine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl acetamide for 1h; Heating;	97%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: H12N3NdO15

: C54H45N3NdO21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	95.3%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 100-00-5
4-chlorobenzonitrile

: 620-88-2
4-nitrophenyl phenyl ether

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 1h; Heating;	95%

: 1006-94-6
5-methoxylindole

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 936231-14-0
5-methoxy-1-phenyl-1H-indole

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; potassium carbonate In neat (no solvent) at 130℃; for 6h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	95%
With N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; [Pd(π-cinnamyl)Cl]2 In neat (no solvent) at 130℃; for 6h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	95%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: H12N3O15Sm

: C54H45N3O21P3Sm

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	95%

: 612-62-4
2-Chloroquinoline

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 40515-82-0
2-(2-quinolinyl)phenol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 1h; Heating;	94%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 1067-13-6
tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine sulfide

: 1-oxo-4-sulfanylidene-2,6,7-trioxa-1,4-diphosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium methylate at 150℃; for 8h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Inert atmosphere;	93.8%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: H12LuN3O15

: C54H45LuN3O21P3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 0.25h; Sonication; Glovebox;	93.3%

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: 177-11-7
4,4-ethylenedioxy-piperidine

: 198649-62-6
8-phenyl-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; potassium carbonate at 130℃; for 18h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	93%
With N-[2-(di(1-adamantyl)phosphino)phenyl]morpholine; [Pd(π-cinnamyl)Cl]2 at 130℃; for 18h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	93%

: trimethylaluminium dimer

: 115-86-6
phosphoric acid triphenyl ester

: Me3Al*OP(OPh)3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; toluene N2-atmosphere; addn. of hexane soln. of AlMe3 (10% excess) to phosphate ester soln. (MePh) at cooling, warming to room temp.; evapn. (vac.); elem. anal.;	92%

Triphenyl phosphate Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Triphenyl phosphate Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 3 mg/m³
ACGIH TLV: TWA 3 mg/m³; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen

Triphenyl phosphate Analytical Methods

For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Triphenyl Phosphate, S210.

Triphenyl phosphate Specification

The IUPAC name of Triphenyl phosphate is triphenyl phosphate. With the CAS registry number 115-86-6, it is also named as Phosphoric acid, triphenyl ester. The product's categories are Flame retardants; Functional Materials; Phosphates (Plasticizer); Plasticizer; Aromatics EPA; Method 507 Volatiles/ Semivolatiles; 500 Series Drinking Water Methods; Alpha Sort; Analytical Standards; Chemical Class; TP - TZ; T-Z Alphabetic; Organic Building Blocks; Organic Phosphates/Phosphites; Phosphorus Compounds; AromaticsVolatiles/ Semivolatiles, and the other registry number is 402955-02-6. Besides, it is colourless crystals, which should be stored in closed containers in a cool, ventilated warehouse. In addition, its molecular formula is C₁₈H₁₅O₄P and molecular weight is 326.29.

The other characteristics of this product can be summarized as: (1)EINECS: 204-112-2; (2)ACD/LogP: 4.10; (3)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 4.1; (5)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 4.1; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 765.08; (7)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 765.08; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 4034.21; (9)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 4034.21; (10)#H bond acceptors: 4; (11)#H bond donors: 0; (12)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 6; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.595; (14)Molar Refractivity: 87.67 cm³; (15)Molar Volume: 257.8 cm³; (16)Surface Tension: 48.4 dyne/cm; (17)Density: 1.265 g/cm³; (18)Flash Point: 201.2 °C; (19)Melting point: 47-53 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 63.92 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 412.4 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 1.24E-06 mmHg at 25 °C.

Preparation of Triphenyl phosphate: this chemical can be prepared by the reaction of Phosphorus oxychloride and Phenol in the presence of a base:
POCl₃ + 3 HOC₆H₅ → OP(OC₆H₅)₃ + 3 HCl

Uses of Triphenyl phosphate: this chemical is used as a plasticizer and a fire retardant. It can also used as stationary liquid in gas chromatogram. Additionally, it can react with Chloro-trimethyl-silane to get Trimethyl-phenyl-silane.

This reaction needs Li powder, DTBB and Tetrahydrofuran at temperature of -30 °C for 15 min. The yield is 87 %.

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following: it is danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed and by inhalation. Please keep away from sources of ignition, and do not breathe dust. It is also irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. And you should wear suitable protective clothing and gloves to avoid contact with skin and eyes. Moreover, limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. It is very toxic and harmful to aquatic organisms that may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Additionally, this material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Please avoid release to the environment, and refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.

People can use the following data to convert to the molecule structure.
(1)SMILES: O=P(Oc1ccccc1)(Oc2ccccc2)Oc3ccccc3
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C18H15O4P/c19-23(20-16-10-4-1-5-11-16,21-17-12-6-2-7-13-17)22-18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1-15H
(3)InChIKey: XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYAB

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
cat	LD	intraperitoneal	> 400mg/kg (400mg/kg)	PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS	Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
cat	LDLo	oral	2gm/kg (2000mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS	Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 7, Pg. 585, 1957.
cat	LDLo	subcutaneous	300mg/kg (300mg/kg)	PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR	National Institutes of Health, Bulletin. Vol. 160, Pg. 1, 1932.
chicken	LDLo	oral	5gm/kg (5000mg/kg)	SPINAL CORD: OTHER DEGENERATIVE CHANGES	National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0539872,
guinea pig	LD	oral	> 4gm/kg (4000mg/kg)		Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
guinea pig	LD	subcutaneous	> 3gm/kg (3000mg/kg)		Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
guinea pig	LD50	skin	> 4gm/kg (4000mg/kg)		Kodak Company Reports. Vol. 21MAY1971,
mammal (species unspecified)	LC50	inhalation	4200mg/m3 (4200mg/m3)	SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)	Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 39(8), Pg. 98, 1974.
monkey	LDLo	subcutaneous	500mg/kg (500mg/kg)		The Threshold Limit Values Vol. 4, Pg. 420, 1980.
mouse	LD	subcutaneous	> 3gm/kg (3000mg/kg)		Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	1273mg/kg (1273mg/kg)		Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. Vol. 31, Pg. 1288, 1967.
mouse	LD50	oral	1320mg/kg (1320mg/kg)	SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)	Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 39(8), Pg. 98, 1974.
rabbit	LD	intramuscular	> 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg)		National Institutes of Health, Bulletin. Vol. 160, Pg. 1, 1932.
rabbit	LD50	skin	> 7900mg/kg (7900mg/kg)		Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 41, Pg. 291, 1977.
rabbit	LDLo	oral	3gm/kg (3000mg/kg)		Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
rabbit	LDLo	subcutaneous	1gm/kg (1000mg/kg)		Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
rat	LD	intraperitoneal	> 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg)	GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER	National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0535042,
rat	LD	subcutaneous	> 3gm/kg (3000mg/kg)		Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 1, Pg. 33, 1960.
rat	LD50	oral	3500mg/kg (3500mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"	Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 7, Pg. 585, 1957.

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Synthetic route

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