When 1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone (Anthrarufin) and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (Chrysazin) were nitrated using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids in the presence of boric acid at 10–25° C, three major products formed in each reaction. The products were separated by low-pressure ...

The property of the lowest excited triplet states of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ) was investigated by using time-resolved laser flash photolysis at 355 nm in organic solvents, i.e. acetonitrile and cyclohexane. The transient absorption spectra of the excited triplet DHAQ were obtained in ac...

Electron transfer (ET) and hydrogen abstraction (HA) reactions between a photosensitizer, 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ), and three pyrimidines, cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U), have been investigated with a method of nanosecond time-resolved laser flash photolysis. Under photo-irrad...

1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ) can form an inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) in aqueous media, which can be employed to solubilize and stabilize the DHAQ in water. With the assistance of ammonia, the supramolecular DHAQ–β-CD complex showed a selective chromogenic behavior toward...

Seven patients with occupational asthma caused by a chemical, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (TCPA), left their work in 1980. They have subsequently avoided TCPA exposure and have been followed until 1985. One patient died in 1981. The six living patients reported continuing symptoms suggestive o...

Low-frequency (15–150 cm−1) Raman spectra of naphthalene (N) : tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (TCPA) complex and its individual parent molecules were recorded at room temperature and at 77 K. The results suggest that the crystal structures for the complexes and for TCPA are in good agreement wit...

The direct observations of the singlet-triplet absorption spectra of naphthalene-tetrachlorophthalic anhydride and naphthalene-tetrabromophthalic anhydride complex crystals are presented. Polarization and preliminary Zeeman studies show that the observed spectra are attributed to the T1 ←So tra...

Fluorination of tetrachlorophthalic anhydride 1 or tetrachlorophthalic acid hemihydrate 4 with an excess of sulphur tetrafluoride provides an efficient one-step synthesis of 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran 2. 3,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl fluorid...

The location and characterization of the electronic states of the naphthalene—tetrachlorophthalic anhydride charge-transfer crystal is investigated through the use of tunable laser singlet—triplet excitation, and phosphorescence-microwave double resonance studies. The lowest triplet crystal st...

We describe seven women with asthma induced by occupational exposure to an acid anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (TCPA), an epoxy resin hardening agent. Inhalation tests with TCPA at atmospheric concentrations of less than one tenth of a manufacturer's recommended exposure limit pro...

2-Methyl-2-oxazoline (MOX) as a nucleophilic monomer and tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (TCPhA) as an electrophilic monomer were copolymerized in the absence of initiator at various feed ratios. Copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-i.r. and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Their compositio...

Raman and i.r. studies of the anthracene—tetrachlorophthalic anhydride charge-transfer complex have been carried out. Five lattice modes are identified in the low-frequency Raman spectra. The 21 cm−1 lattice band is tentatively assigned to the librational vibration of the donor and acceptor mol...

Two groups of workers with occupational asthma caused by tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (TCPA) have been reported on; in only one report was specific anti-TCPA antibody demonstrated. We received a request to investigate respiratory problems among workers at a plant where solenoid coils are manufa...

Four patients with asthma caused by occupational exposure to tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (TCPA) had dust-challenge tests that used eight different levels of TCPA exposure. Measurements of TCPA in the test-cubicle air ranged from 1.3 to 961.1 μg/m3. The higher exposures provoked definite late ...

Hybrid Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, ♀) × blue tilapia (O. aureus, ♂) is a widely cultured tilapia variety due to its growth vigor compared to the parent species. As a peptide hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a critical role in regulating somatic growth. The present ...

We propose a model in the frequency domain to determine kinetic and thermodynamic parameters directed to ion electro-insertion in host matrices, aiming to couple reaction mechanisms and mass transport in transference functions. We use Maclaurin series to expand the electrical current as a functi...

Three common culinary herbs were studied in order to find out how manipulation of blue range of wavelength spectrum affects plant growth and chemistry. The studied species were basil (Ocimum basilicum), arugula (Eruca sativa) and bloody dock (Rumex sanguineus). It was hypothesized that high-ener...

In this work, Prussian blue nanocubes functionalized partial reduced graphene oxide (PBs-PrGO) was first employed as a new electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal amplification strategy of perylenetetracarboxylic acid (PTCA), and the ECL signal of PBs-PrGO-PTCA composite presented 3-fold enhanceme...

Anthraquinone derivatives are well-known antiproliferative compounds, and some are currently used in cancer chemotherapy. Some families of annulated anthraquinone analogs have also been examined for antiproliferative activity, but in this regard almost nothing is known of 1-azabenzanthrones (7H-...

Lipophilic arenediazonium salts dreived from 1-aminonaphthalene, 1-amino-4-bromonaphthalene, 1-amino-4-nitronaphthalene and 1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone were tested as titrants for determination of aromatic hydroxy compounds, amines, and compounds containing active methylene groups, usually at the...