Oil-soluble calcium carbonate colloids are used as detergent additives in lubricating oils. They are colloidal dispersions of calcium carbonate particles stabilized by different surfactants; in this study alkyl-aryl-sulfonates and sulfurized alkyl-phenates, widely used in the synthesis of these ...

Publisher SummaryCarboxylic acids are characterized by the presence in their structure of one or more carboxyl groups (–COOH), which bring to the molecule a proton donor character (acidic character). Carboxylic acids have the capability to form anions and salts (carboxylates). Thermal decomposi...

Miscanthus was subjected to two-step hydrolysis under different concentrations of sulfuric-acid (first-step: 72–18%; second-step: 36−2%) for conversion to monomeric sugars and lignin-rich solid residues. Compared to native lignin isolated from Miscanthus, there were obvious reductions of phenol...

A novel series of substituted (thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylthio)carboxylic acids has been synthesized and tested in vitro towards human protein kinase CK2. It was revealed that the most active compounds inhibiting CK2 are 3-{[5-(4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]thio}propanoic acid and 3...

Cysteine (CysSH) and its derivatives including N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH), and cysteine residues in proteins and enzymes are nitrosated with nitric oxide (NO) reaction products such as N2O3 to form S-nitrosated cysteine thiols (RCysSNO). RCysSNO undergo with cysteine thiols (RC...

N-Acetyl-S-[2-carboxy-1-(1 H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-l-cysteine (I), a new imidazole compound with a sulfur-containing side chain, was isolated from normal human urine by ion-exchange column chromatography, and characterized by physicochemical analyses involving 1H-NMR spectrometry, mass spectromet...

The assay of the ethyl chloride metabolite S-ethyl-N-acetyl-l-cysteine in human urine by HPLC is described. The compound is enriched by adsorption on a non-polar adsorbent of graphitized non-porous carbon, and then stripped from positively charged compounds by application onto a strong acid cati...

S-Nitrosothiols or thionitrites with the general formula RSNO are formally composed of the nitrosyl cation (NO+) and a thiolate (RS−), the base of the corresponding acids RSH. The smallest S-nitrosothiol is HSNO and derives from hydrogen sulfide (HSH, H2S). The most common physiological S-nitros...

Reaction of various sulphur ligands L (SEt−, SPh−, SC6F4H-4−, SEt2, StBu2, SnBu2, DMSO, DPSO) with the precursors [(COD)M(R)Cl] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene, M = Pd or Pt; R = methyl (Me) or benzyl (Bn); DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide; DPSO = diphenyl sulfoxide) allowed isolation and characterisation of...

The electrochemical behaviors of bismuth at random array carbon fiber microelectrodes (RACFMEs) are studied by cyclic voltammetry. Obtained results indicate that dissolution of bismuth is facilitated in the presence of cysteine, by formation of bismuth cysteinate on electrode surface. Ex situ pr...

Diorganotin(IV) complexes of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (H2NAC; (R)-2-acetamido-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid) have been synthesized and their solid and solution-phase structural configurations investigated by FTIR, Mössbauer, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy. FTIR results suggested that in R2Sn(IV)NAC (R...

During the analytical method development for BAY 11-7082 ((E)-3-[4-methylphenylsulfonyl]-2-propenenitrile), using HPLC-MS–MS and HPLC-UV, we observed that the protein removal process (both ultrafiltration and precipitation method using organic solvents) prior to HPLC brought about a significant...

Inflammation is an emerging patho-mechanism of diabetes and its complications. NF-κB pathway is one of the central machinery initiating and propagating inflammatory responses. The present study envisaged the involvement of NF-κB inflammatory cascade in the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropath...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main reason for failure of cancer therapy with resistance to apoptosis being one of the mechanisms involved. Constitutive NF-κB activity has been detected in many tumors contributing to oncogenesis and tumor survival whereas inhibition of NF-κB activity has pr...

NF-κB is a nuclear transcription factor involved in the control of fundamental cellular functions including cell survival. Among the many target genes of this factor, both pro- and anti-apoptotic genes have been described. To evaluate the contribution of NF-κB activation to excitotoxic insult,...

The role of NF-κB in the Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT) and their response to fenretinide has been investigated. Basal levels of phosphorylated NF-κB were low in all ESFT cells. BAY 11-7082 decreased cell viability, which was accompanied by caspase-3 cleavage. This was independent o...

Platelets, though anucleated, possess several transcription factors, including NF-κB, that exert non-genomic functions regulating platelet activation. Since platelets have not only been recognized as central players of homeostasis, but also participated in pathological conditions such as thromb...

Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication for patients associated with diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have suggested that NF-κB is the main transcription factor for the inflammatory response mediated progression of diabetic nephropathy. Hence, the present study is hypothes...

PURPOSE: Bile-containing gastroesophageal reflux may promote cancer at extraesophageal sites. Acidic bile can accelerate NF-κB activation and molecular events, linked to premalignant changes in murine hypopharyngeal mucosa (HM). We hypothesize that short-term in vivo topical application of NF-κ...

The mechanism of action of the antifungal agent 3-(4-bromophenyl)-5-acyloxymethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one against Candida albicans was investigated by flow cytometry, using propidium iodide, DiBAC4(3), and FUN-1 as the fluorescent dyes. A related but less active agent, together with amphotericin ...