By means of Circular-Polarization-of-Luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy, cis-3,4-dimethylcyclopentanone is shown to consist of rapidly interconverting enantiomeric half-chair conformers. The barrier to ring inversion in the S1(nπ*) state is determined to be 12 ± 1.5 kJ/mol.

The results for Antoine coefficients for vapor pressure as a function of temperature are given in Table 1 for organic compounds. The tabulation is arranged by carbon number (C, C2, C3,…….., C100) to provide ease of use in quickly locating the data by using the chemical formula. The compound na...

Three pure heptanol isomers were studied using infrared spectroscopy: n-heptanol, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanol, and 3-ethyl-3-pentanol. In order to analyze the branching effect of heptanol, investigations on the two symmetric branched isomers have been performed. Branching and steric hindrance highly...

5,6,α-Epoxy-6β-methyl-5α-cholestane, like its 3β-acetoxy derivative, undergoes rearrangement with boron trifluoride to give the 5β-methyl-A-homo-B-nor-4a-ketone. The 3-deoxy-4a-ketone, however, undergoes a further rearrangement with boron trifluoride to give 5-methyl-5β-cholestan-6-one. 3β...

The BF3-catalysed rearrangement of 6β-acetoxy-3α,5-epoxy-5α-cholestane gave the 3α,5β-diol, the 3α,10α-epoxide, and the 2α,5α-epoxide, and the product of solvolysis of 3β-tosyloxy-5β-cholestan-5-ol-6-one was identified as 3α,5-epoxy-A-homo-B-nor-5α-cholestan-4a-one.

The separation of outer and cytoplasmic membrane fractions has been difficult to achieve with pseudomonads. A new procedure is described in which Pseudomonas facilis is treated with methyl picolinimidate, subsequently with buffered sucrose, and finally with lysozyme-EDTA to yield spheroplasts; s...

Nitric oxide (NO) that is produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with the pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis. Numerous studies have focused on the regulation of NO production by iNOS to reduce NO-mediated cytotoxicity. In the present study, we demonstrated the differ...

Wortmannin caused normal and strong inhibition on catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells and in vitro phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in NaCl-, Na isethionate-, choline Cl-, Na acetate-, and N-acetyl glycine-based media. However, brief preincubation of wortmannin with th...

The mechanisms by which ruminal protozoa sense and migrate toward nutrients are not fully understood. Chemotaxis by many diverse eukaryotic cells is mediated by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, which is highly conserved in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathways and consistently inhibite...

Wortmannin is a cytotoxic compound derived from the endophytic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium wortmannii and Penicillium funiculosum that occurs in many plants, including medicinal herbs. The rationale to develop novel anticancer drugs is the frequent development of tumor resistance to th...

The effects of the sulfhydryl reducing agents 2-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol on wortmannin-induced inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) were studied in order to examine whether the sulfhydryl reducing agents directly affect the wortmannin inhibition of PI3K. These reducing agents...

The combination of etoposide and cisplatin represents a common modality for treating of glioma patients. These drugs directly and indirectly produce the most lethal DNA double-stand breaks (DSB), which are mainly repaired by non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ). Drugs that can specifically inhi...

Membrane deterioration is an inherent aspect of the advancement in senescence and loss in fruit quality during storage. Postharvest technologies used for extending shelf life and quality are targeted to reduce membrane damage through downregulating or blocking ethylene action. In this study, mat...

Intestinal endotoxemia-induced liver injury is a common clinical disease which leads to liver failure and death. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, could be used for suppressing autophagy in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and lysosome dependen...

Wortmannin, a known inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), their low selectivity and high toxicity is still problematic and less is known about their effects on PI3Ks in cellular systems. Hence, we have synthesized a series of multifunctional wortmannin probes with the ability to self-...

The experimental data of density(ρ) and speed of the sound(u) of 2-methoxyaniline and N-alkyl amides binary liquid mixtures have been evaluated at temperatures T = (303.15 to 318.15) K. Values of excess molar volume (VmE), excess isentropic compressibility (ksE), excess partial molar volumes (V...

Anion exchange membranes are prepared by phase inversion of P84 co-polyimide to obtain porous structure, and then chemically modified by branched polyethylenimine. The porous membranes are compared with a dense P84 membrane. The dense membrane is hydrophobic with large area resistance (>85 Ω cm...

We discuss the geometry of a class of tensor network states, called projected entangled pair states in the Physics literature. We provide initial results towards a question of Verstraete and Rizzi regarding the tensor network state of an M×N grid; we partially answer the question for a 2×N gri...

A convenient and efficient strategy for the synthesis of 2-acyl benzothiazoles/thiazoles has been developed. The treatment of benzothiazole/thiazole with allylic Grignard reagents readily generates the corresponding 2-Grignard reagents, which is followed by a reaction with N,N'-carbonyldiim...

Chemoselective oxidative synthesis of N-(2-aminophenyl)imines from 2-amino-N-benzylanilines was accomplished through combined use of O2(air) and copper salt. This transformation was performed at room temperature, and the mild oxidation was efficient and chemoselective without using nitroxyl radi...