This paper is concerned with the investigation of the chemical structure of a low-pressure, fuel-rich (ɸ = 1.8) premixed laminar flame fueled with 2-methyl-2-butene employing flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry with vacuum-ultraviolet single-photon ionization. Partially isomer-resolv...

Butenes are intermediates ubiquitously formed by decomposition and oxidation of larger hydrocarbons (e.g. alkanes) or alcohols present in conventional or reformulated fuels. In this study, a series of novel ignition delay time (IDT) experiments of trans-2-butene were performed in a high-pressure...

A novel synthetic route of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (Z-HFO-1336mzz)was developed. It contains three-step reactions as follows: (1) The vapor-phase catalytic fluorination from hexachlorobutadiene to (E/Z)-2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butenepromoted by Cr-based catalyst; (2) The liquid-phase ...

Lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium were added as a second metal on the WO3/SiO2 catalysts by the incipient wetness impregnation method with the atomic ratio between the second metal and tungsten 0.083 in order to improve the catalytic performances of W-based catalysts in the metathesis of ethylene a...

A comprehensive, chemically detailed mechanism for the combustion of 2-methyl-2-butene and n-pentane is presented to provide insights into the different sooting tendencies of these two structurally different C5 hydrocarbons. A hierarchically assembled mechanism has been developed to specifically...

While WCl6–Ph4Sn is a poor catalyst for the polymerization of 1-phenyl-1-butyne (PB) at room temperature, it effectively polymerizes PB in the presence of C60, giving high molecular weight polymers in high yields. The polymers are soluble in common solvents such as THF and chloroform, and spect...

The kinetics of the heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene and mixtures of 1-butyne/1,3-butadiene have been investigated for a Pd/Al2O3 egg-shell catalyst. In contrast to the hydrogenation of butenes, the gas phase hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene shows a restricted reproducibili...

The effect of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol on silver electrodeposition process from 5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin solutions was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetric measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cyclic voltammetric studies indicate that the reduction proces...

Hydrorefining of C4 cuts of unsaturated hydrocarbons involves the selective removal of 1-butyne by catalytic hydrogenation. Due to its technological relevance, we investigated the hydrogenation of 1-butyne over a commercial palladium-based catalyst of the eggshell type. The experimental conditio...

Click chemistry is a useful approach for the preparation of novel radiopharmaceuticals. In this study, we evaluated 4-[18F]fluoro-1-butyne as a radiolabeled synthon for click chemistry with azido compounds. Our results showed that nucleophilic substitution of 4-tosyloxy-1-butyne with K[18F]F pro...

A kinetic investigation of the liquid-phase selective hydrogenation of 1-butyne in presence of 1-butene was performed over a commercial palladium-based/alumina catalyst of the eggshell type. This investigation is aimed at validating a kinetic expression to describe 1-butyne hydrogenation under e...

The reactions of the phenyl radical (C6H5) with 1-butyne (HCCC2H5) and 2-butyne (CH3CCCH3) were studied in a crossed molecular beam machine to shed light on the formation of C10H10 isomers in combustion flames. Combining these data with electronic structure calculations, we find that both reacti...

A multi-layer microreactor (MR) was especially developed to assess the effects of the intensification of liquid-phase selective hydrogenation of 1-butyne (BY). The behavior of the system is described and the results of the regression of experimental data are reported. Various MR configurations, ...

The bimolecular gas phase reactions of ground state silicon (Si(3P)) with the C4H6 isomers 1,3-butadiene, 1,2-butadiene, and 1-butyne were investigated under single collision conditions in a crossed molecular beams machine at collision energies of about 15 kJ mol−1. Our data suggest each reactio...

A catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) was applied in order to enhance the selectivity in the hydrogenation of 1-butyne in the presence of 1-butene. The performance of the CMR was studied in batch-wise operation for the hydrocarbon liquid mixture, while hydrogen was continuously fed to keep a consta...

The traditional reaction temperatures of 1-butene isomerization to 2-butene tend to above 100 °C, while here we report the unique catalytic performance of a Pd loaded silica nanospheres catalyst for 1-butene double-bond-shift isomerization at room temperature and showed 2-butene yield of 37.0%....

A novel route involving self-metathesis of 1-butene under mild conditions that gave high yields of ethene and hexene was proposed. The results of thermodynamic analysis revealed that the Gibbs energy of the target Metathesis I reaction (1-butene → ethene + 3-hexene) was much higher than that of...

In this study, a series of ignition delay time (IDT) experiments of 1-butene were performed in a high-pressure shock tube (HPST) and in a rapid compression machine (RCM) under conditions of relevance to practical combustors. This is the first 1-butene IDT data taken at engine relevant conditions...

The utilization of CO2 as a soft oxidant for the synthesis of 1,3-butadiene (BD) through the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of 1-butene is emerging as a potential technology not only because it can reduce the environmental problems caused by CO2 but also because of the abundant availability, lo...

The structure and the mechanical properties of metallocene-made butene-pentene (iPBC5) and butene-hexene (iPBC6) isotactic copolymers are studied. The effect of the presence of pentene and hexene units on the crystallization behavior and the mechanical properties of isotactic polybutene (iPB) is...