Chronic stress-induced decline in microglia in the hippocampus is a newly hypothesized mechanism of depression, and reversal of this decline by microglial activators has been shown to suppress depression-like behaviors in mice. This suggests that activation of immune cells in the hippocampus may...

A fractured vitallium plate used as a fixation device was investigated for determining the basic mechanism/s responsible for premature failure. Microhardness tests, tensile tests and extensive scanning electron microscopy were carried out to establish the dominant mechanism of fracture. From the...

BackgroundCup arthroplasty was used in the initial attempts to preserve the bone stock of the femoral head and neck for hip reconstruction. However, little conclusive data are available regarding its long-term survivorship.

Background contextAfter spinal fusion surgery, postoperative management often includes imaging with either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the spinal canal and nerve roots. The metallic implants used in the fusion can cause artifact that interferes with thi...

In humans, the polygenic growth hormone (GH) locus is located on chromosome 17 and contributes with three types of proteins: pituitary GH which consists of at least two isoforms one of 22 kDa and the other of 20 kDa, placental GH, which also exhibits isoforms, and chorionic somatomammotropin hor...

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant that leads to long-lasting neurological deficits in animals and humans. Curcumin, a polyphenol obtained from the rhizome of turmeric, has well-known antioxidant functions. Here, we evaluated curcumin’s efficacy in mitigating MeHg-induc...

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a neurotoxicant, with the cerebellum as the main target of toxicity; however, the toxic effects of MeHg on specific cell types remain unclear. Here, primary cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and cerebellar astrocytes were isolated and analyzed for total mercury accumulati...

Seafood consumption is widely considered as the primary route for human exposure to the neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) that is produced by certain anaerobic microorganisms and can bioaccumulate to high concentration levels in natural aquatic food webs. In this study, a novel methylmercury-bindi...

The distributions of primary amino acids, MeHg and IHg in body tissues of two commonly farm-raised fish species (common carp: Cyprinus carpio; grass carp: Ctenopharyngodon idellus) in Guizhou Province, SW China, were investigated to understand the effects of primary amino acids on MeHg and IHg m...

Aquatic invertebrates vary in methylmercury (MeHg) levels among systems which has been attributed, in part, to environmental conditions, but may also be linked to differences in their biochemical composition. As MeHg is known to bind to thiol-containing amino acids such as cysteine in proteins o...

Results about fluorescence spectroscopy of natural eumelanin are presented and compared to analogous results related to synthetic eumelanin, with the aim to investigate the structural organization of eumelanin and the role of the protein coat in its optical and structural properties. The spectra...

Eco-friendly hybrid Eumelanin-TiO2 nanostructures, recently obtained through in situ methodology based on hydrothermal route, have shown a striking antimicrobial activity, after exposure to oxidative environment, even under visible light induction condition. Nevertheless, the role of each compon...

Determination of eumelanin and pheomelanin in melanomas that exhibit different pigmentation was carried using a solid-phase extraction (SPE) preparation method based on weak anion exchange chemistry. This extraction significantly enhanced the chromatographic profile obtained by reverse phase hig...

The influence of tyrosinase in catalyzes/stimulates the eumelanin production was studied. Accordingly, bacterial sp. was isolated and identified as Bacillus licheniformis based on 16S rRNA. It could grow and gave monophenolase and diphenolase productivity in medium contained tyrosin and Cu2+ onl...

In this work, we study the optical absorption spectra of extensive stacking forms of four molecules known to be among eumelanin basic building blocks: 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI), 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA), indolequinone (IQ) and quinone-methide (MQ). Stacked monomers can be co...

Developing safe and high efficiency contrast tools is an urgent need to allow in vivo applications of photoacoustics (PA), an emerging biomolecular imaging methodology, with poor invasiveness, deep penetration, high spatial resolution and excellent endogenous contrast. Eumelanins hold huge promi...

Exchange reactions between inorganic selenium species and chloride were studied on Dowex 1X8. The concentration exchange constants were determined with the batch technique at room temperature and used to predict the chromatographic enrichment and separation of tetra- and hexavalent selenium. A p...

Sunset yellow, Allura red and Ponceau 4R are azo-colorants with similar chemical structures. These colorants were studied by electrochemical methods at a glassy carbon electrode in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0), combined with UV–Vis spectroscopic and theoretical methods to unveil their ele...

Polypyrrole, polyaniline nanoparticles and their nanocomposites were prepared using microemulsion polymerization method. For the synthesis of polypyrrole and polyaniline nanoparticles sodium dodecyl sulfate as a surfactant for two reasons was used; to the creation of a micro reactor vessel and t...

This study was designed to investigate the oxidation (decolorization/degradation) of Sunset Yellow FCF azo-dye (which is largely used as colorant in common foods and drugs industries) in aqueous solutions with electro-generated Fenton's reagent (H2O2/Fe2+). This has been carried out at room...