The vast diversity of animal coloration is generated through a combination of pigment and structural colors. These colors can greatly influence the fitness and life history of an organism. Butterflies and their wing colors are an excellent model to study how these colors can impact the developme...

BackgroundTattoos have become increasingly common in the United States. Historically, tattoo inks were comprised of metallic pigments, which have the potential to cause allergic contact dermatitis. Data have been lacking on the current use of these pigments in tattoo ink.

Streptomyces lividans normally accumulated high levels of ppGpp during nutritional shift-down. Its accumulation was, however, severely inhibited when a small amount of thiopeptin (an analogue of thiostrepton) was included in the transfer medium. In contrast, a S. lividans strain, which harbours ...

The biosynthesis of the neurotoxic amino acid β-N-oxalyl-l-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) can be induced in the callus tissues of Lathyrus sativus by supplying β-(isoxazolin-5-on-2-yl)-alanine (BIA) in the liquid medium. When [14C]BIA is supplemented with free α,β diaminopropionic acid (...

“High-affinity” binding of glycine and β-alanine occurred to synaptosomal-mitochondrial fractions of five regions of rat CNS. Strychnine inhibited the binding of β-alanine to a greater extent than that of glycine to particles of cerebral cortex, midbrain, pons and medulla, but not to those o...

β-[U-14C]Alanine can be synthesized in >95% yield from l-[U-14C]aspartic acid using the aspartate 1-decarboxylase of Escherichia coli and converted to d-[1,2,3-14C]pantothenate in a 10–20% yield using the pantothenate synthetase of E. coli. Sufficiently pure preparations of both enzymes are re...

A radiochemical assay was developed to measure the activity of β-ureidopropionase in human liver homogenates which is based on the detection of the reaction product 14CO2 by liquid scintillation counting. Radiolabeled N-carbamyl-β-alanine was prepared within 15 min by a simple hydrolysis of [2...

A series of N-guanidino substituted 2,4-diamino-5-carbonylguanidine molecules related to amiloride were synthesised and evaluated for their ability to inhibit the sodium–calcium exchanger in rat insulinoma cells (RINm5F) and human platelets. Specific chemical pathways were used to prepare the b...

The vibrational analysis (FT-IR and FT-Raman) for the new 1-(2-chlorobenzoyl)thiourea species suggests that strong intramolecular interactions affect the conformational properties. The X-ray structure determination corroborates that an intramolecular N–H⋯OC hydrogen bond occurs between the carb...

The vaporization and sublimation reactions for the thulium-fluorine system have been investigated by mass-loss, X-ray powder diffraction and elemental analysis techniques. Thulium trifluoride was reduced only partially by elemental thulium; a reduced stoichiometric fluoride could not be isolated...

Nd3 + and Tm3 +, doped oxy-fluoride glasses and glass ceramics were prepared by conventional melt-quenching and subsequent heat-treatment, respectively. β-PbF2 nanocrystals with diameter 50 –100 nm formed in the glass matrix after heat treatment. The Stark splitting in absorption peaks, enhanc...

In this study, we report spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ and Ho3+ codoped tellurite glasses over a wide dopant concentration range in order to assess their potential laser performance under 790 nm diode laser excitation. The impact of Tm3+ and Ho3+ concentrations is investigated to identify spe...

In the present study, the low OH content, thulium doped fluorotellurite glasses are defined as low-quenching materials. Two lines of evidence, lifetime and emission spectra measurements, have shown that the depletion of the 3H4 state by cross relaxation processes was highly efficient. The links ...

The L1, L2, L3, M1, M2, N1, N3, O1, O2, O3, and P1 subshell electron binding energies (related to the Fermi level) in thulium generated by the electron capture decay of radioactive 169Yb atoms implanted at 30 keV into polycrystalline platinum and aluminum foils and deposited by vacuum evaporatio...

In this paper, glasses and glass ceramics were prepared. Differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were tested to study the structure. After heat treatment, 15–30 nm NaYF4 crystal phase was precipitated. It was found that the glass after heat treatmen...

In this work, we demonstrated enhanced infrared thulium emission regarding lifetime values in the novel fluorotellurite glasses in comparison with the traditional TeO2–ZnO–Na2O host. The OH concentration reduction in the novel host material established fast-diffusion regime for the 3F4→3H6 em...

High purity rare earth metals, including samarium, ytterbium and thulium, were prepared by vacuum reduction-distillation of each rare earth oxide with lanthanum metal. The results show that the rare earth metals of samarium and ytterbium with 4N-purity are obtained by direct vacuum reduction-dis...

The dimeric rhodium precursor [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 reacts with the ligands (L) quinoline-2-carboxylic acid (a) or quinoline-8-carboxylic acid (b) in 1:2 mole ratio to afford complexes of the type cis-[Rh(CO)2ClL] (1a and 1b). The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, Mass spectrometry...

Tetramethyl(perfluoroalkyl)cyclopentadienyl rhodium(I) complexes with ethylene or diene (norbornadiene, cycloocta-1,5-diene, 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene, cyclohexa-1,3-diene) ligands were obtained by reduction of tetramethyl(perfluoroalkyl)rhodium(III) dichloro dimers by zinc in THF or by propan-...

Depending on the crystallization conditions, the interaction between the rhodium metal centres of the separate [Rh(CH3COCHCN(Ph)CH3)(CO)2] molecular units, as described by the interplanar separation and lateral shift of two of the units, leads to packing polymorphism of [Rh(CH3COCHCN(Ph)CH3)(CO)...