Activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor is a key component of many signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of cellular processes and controls rapid responses of mammalian cells when exposed to the variety of stimulus. The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and Forskolin (Fo)...

SummaryPhorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) are stimuli commonly used to induce macrophage differentiation in monocytic cell lines, but the extent of differentiation in comparison to primary tissue macrophages is unclear. Here, we examine the morphological/phe...

Pyridine hydrochloride has been widely used in the cleavage of ethers. It is shown herein that this reagent is also efficient for the synthesis of chloro compounds starting from the corresponding bromo derivatives in π-deficient series such as pyridine and quinoline. Thus, for example, 7-bromo-...

Palladium(0)/copper iodide catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling of 2-aryl-3-iodo-4-(phenylamino)quinolines with terminal alkynes afforded series of 1,2,4-trisubstituted 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]quinolines in a single-step operation. Conversely, the 4-(N,N-allylphenylamino)-2-aryl-3-iodoquinoline derivat...

An efficient route toward substituted 4-iodoquinolines has been developed from tosyloxy quinolines using iodine, red phosphorous and glacial acetic acid at room temperature in good yields. This procedure avoids the use of transition metals and harsh reaction conditions.

In this work, we report the synthesis of a novel quinoline derivative, ethyl 4-chloro-7-iodoquinoline-3-carboxylate (CIQC), and its structural, conformational and vibrational characterization. The compound was studied in its neat solid phases (crystalline and low-temperature amorphous phases) an...

Palladium–CuI catalyzed Sonogashira coupling of 2-aryl-4-chloro-3-iodoquinolines with terminal acetylenes (1 equiv) in triethylamine afforded the 2-aryl-3-(alkynyl)-4-chloroquinolines as sole products. The 2-aryl-4-chloro-3-iodoquinolines coupled with excess terminal acetylenes (2.5 equiv) in d...

Electrochemical oscillation (EO) system with many kinds of coupling processes is normally accompanied by rich nonlinear dynamic mechanism. The electrochemical potential oscillation on quaternary alloy anode in electrolytic metal manganese (EMM) with and without sodium oleate (NaOL) was studied t...

N-(2-Methylphenyl)-2,2-dichloroacetamide (2MPA) and N-(4-methylphenyl)-2,2-dichloroacetamide (4MPA) of the configuration XyC6H5−y–NHCO–CHCl2 (where, X = CH3 and y = 1) were synthesised and an extensive spectroscopic investigations have been carried out by recording the Fourier transform infrar...

A new isomers of thiourea derivatives, namely N-(4-chlorobutanoyl)-N′-(2-methylphenyl)-thiourea (1a), N-(4-chlorobutanoyl)-N′-(3-methylphenyl)thiourea (1b) and N-(4-chlorobutanoyl)-N′-(4-methylphenyl)thiourea (1c) have been synthesized by refluxing mixture of equimolar amounts of 4-chlorobuta...

A new organic hydrazide derivative crystal, 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N′-[(1E)-1-(4-methylphenyl) ethylidene] acetohydrazide (4CP4MPEA) has been successfully synthesized and grown as single crystal from DMF solution. 4CP4MPEA crystallizes in triclinic crystal system with space group P-1 as revealed b...

Methods are described for the rapid determination of sodium and potassium in coal ash. The ash is decomposed by a Lawrence Smith ignition: sodium is determined as sodium zinc uranyl acetate (gravimetncally or titrimctrically) on an aliquot of the aqueous extract, and potassium is determined grav...

Biostimulated sulfate reduction is a promising strategy for remediating groundwater arsenic contamination. But biostimulation often induces pH changes alongside biogeochemical transformations of iron, sulfur, and arsenic, which all affect arsenic mobility and the efficacy of arsenic sequestratio...

Novel methods are explored to improve sulfate resistance for cement pastes by using grounded iron ore tailings (GIOTs), BaCO3 and both of them. Experiments were conducted on a plain cement paste and six blended cement pastes with different contents of GIOTs and BaCO3. All the pastes were exposed...

Sulfate Ulva polysaccharide with low molecular weight was prepared by enzymatic method and name SUE. The structural characterization of SUE and the effect of its derivative SUE-iron (III) on iron deficiency anemia were studied. Results showed SUE with molecular weight of 178 kDa were consisted o...

The bacterial (dissimilatory) iron and sulfate reduction (BIR and BSR) are intimately linked to the biogeochemical cycling of C, Fe, and S in acid mine drainage (AMD) environments. This study examined the response of native microbial communities to the reduction of iron and sulfate in bench expe...

Speciation of sulphate ions in sodium alumino(iron)phosphate glasses was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The high-sulphate glasses are subject to devitrification segregating minor sodium sulphates. As followed from SEM data...

Cyclopropanols bearing oxazoline directing group were investigated in palladium-catalyzed reactions. When the directing group and cyclopropanol unit were bonded through two- or three-carbon spacer, formation of unusual products was observed. Oxidative ring opening proceeded with uncommon regiose...

Cyclopropanols are readily available via the Kulinkovich cyclopropanation, the Simmons-Smith reaction, and other synthetic methods. Due to their intrinsic ring stains, cyclopropanols and their derivatives are highly reactive and can be converted to different structural scaffolds which are freque...

An efficient and convenient method for the synthesis of chiral triamines with two substituents at the α position to the terminal amino group (spermidine analogues) is described. These chiral N,N-bis(4-substituted-4-aminobutyl)amines may have anticancer activities.