The effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) on the improvement of chlorpropham (CIPC) as a potato sprout inhibitor was investigated. The formation of complex was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, thermoanalysis, 1H NMR and ROESY. The stoichiometry and stability constant were determined by Job...

The binding properties of chlorpropham (CIPC) to calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were investigated in vitro by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT−IR) spectroscopy coupled with molecular modeling method. The results obtained from UV–vis absorptio...

Isopropyl-N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC, common name Chlorpropham) is commonly used for post-harvest sprout inhibition in stored potatoes. It is applied as a thermal fog which results in loss to the fabric of the store and the atmosphere. Recently, there have been concerns in the United Kin...

DFT calculations were performed on the thermal reactions of chlorpropham 1, a carbamate pesticide and plant growth regulator frequently used in the storage of potatoes. At the conditions normally used in applying 1 (injection of a methanolic solution of 1 into a hot air stream, T ∼ 500 °C), bo...

The contamination of food with pesticide residues is of significant concern to consumers and legislation has been implemented worldwide to ensure compliance with Maximum Residue Levels of chemicals in food. The occurrence of the potato sprout inhibitor, isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (ch...

The equilibrium solubility of triclocarban in {1,4-dioxane (1) + water (2)} mixtures at 293.15 K to 313.15 K was reported. Mole fraction solubility increases continuously from neat water to neat 1,4-dioxane at all temperatures. Solubility behavior was adequately correlated by means of a number o...

BackgroundUnderstanding important sources and pathways of exposure to common chemicals known or suspected to impact human health is critical to eliminate or reduce the exposure. This is particularly important in areas such as Puerto Rico, where residents have higher exposures to numerous chemica...

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are released into the environment due to their poor removal during wastewater treatment. Agricultural soils subject to irrigation with wastewater effluent and biosolids application are possible reservoirs for these chemicals. This study examined...

Triclocarban and benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are listed as high production volume synthetic chemicals, used extensively in personal care products. Many of these chemicals persist in the aquatic environment as micropollutants. Knowledge on their fate in freshwater ecosystems is ...

Biosolids from wastewater treatment are primarily disposed of via land applications, where numerous pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) may contaminate food crops and pose a human exposure risk. Biosolids are rich in organic carbon and addition of biosolids can increase the sorpti...

Triclocarban (TCC) is considered as contaminant of emerging concern (CEC), and ranked in the top 10 CEC occurrence. TCC is a high production volume synthetic chemical used extensively in various personal care products. This chemical will be released into the environment via incomplete wastewater...

BackgroundPrenatal exposure to certain xenobiotics has been associated with adverse birth outcomes. We examined the associations of triclocarban, phenols and parabens in a cohort of 922 pregnant women in Puerto Rico, the Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats Program (PROTECT)....

Triclosan and triclocarban are priority environmental contaminants of increasing concern to environmental health. After application, the chemicals enter the aquatic environment and easily distribute in bed sediment due to their hydrophobicity, and thus pose potential ecological risks. This study...

China’s rapid growth of both population size and sanitation infrastructure have created a heightened need for responsible management of sewage sludge. We applied liquid chromatography in conjunction with isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry to measure multiple endocrine disrupting antimicr...

The nitrification process was simulated using benchtop bioreactors to gain insight into the fate of the antimicrobials triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC), as well their transformation products, during wastewater treatment. Currently, little information exists on the impact of nitrification t...

This is a follow up survey of exposure to 4,4′-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) (MbOCA) and isocyanates in the UK polyurethane industry. Urine samples (n = 446) were collected from 90 different workers. MbOCA levels were below the limit of detection in 170 samples and 26 were above the UK Biologi...

The host–guest inclusion complex of 4,4′-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) (MBCA) with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized using absorption, fluorescence, fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, a...

Pentazocine 50 mg and bezitramide 10 mg were compared with dextromoramide 10 mg in two separate investigations in the treatment of moderate or severe postoperative pain. In a single-dose, double-blind, between-patient comparison of oral pentazocine and oral dextromoramide, involving 149 patients...

SUMMARYIn a double-blind study on ninety-nine patients, the effect on postoperative pain of bezitramide 5 mg administered orally was compared with that of dextromoramide 5 mg. Bezitramide was significantly more effective for a longer period. The side effects were negligible. Respiratory depressi...

SUMMARYIn a double-blind study, the effect of 5 mg orally administered bezitramide on post-operative pain was compared with that of 5 mg dextromoramide. In male patients, bezitramide had a stronger and longer-acting analgesic effect than dextromoramide. In female patients, there was a tendency i...