The present investigation was conducted to formulate and evaluate gastric-floating controlled release tablets of Ginkgolides. The target tablets were formulated by powder direct compression method combined with hydrophilic polymer, floating assistant agent, and effervescent substance. Formulatio...

Ginkgo diterpene lactones are compounds that are extracted from the Ginkgo biloba leaf and possess pharmacologic activities with neuroprotective effects. To address the poor bioavailability of ginkgo diterpene lactones, ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection (GDLI) was formulated and is co...

1,1,2,2,3,3,4-Heptafluorocyclopentane (F7A) is regarded as the ideal replacement of HCFC, PFC and HFC due to its good environmental performance and low-toxicity. For the application in fire protection area, the fire extinguishing concentration of F7A is 8.4% (volume) that measured by the cup bur...

1,1,2,2,3,3,4-Heptafluorocyclopentane is a new generation of green solvent. It was synthesized by the liquid-phase fluorination reactions from hexachlorocyclopentadiene to 1-chloroheptafluoro-cyclopentene in the presence of KF in DMF and by the vapor-phase hydrogenation reaction from 1-chlorohep...

A self-sufficient CYP102 family encoding gene (Krac_9955) has been identified from the bacterium Ktedonobacter racemifer DSM44963 which belongs to the Chloroflexi phylum. The characterisation of the substrate range of this enzyme was hampered by low levels of production using E. coli. The yield ...

The reactivity of bulky tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl group substituted aluminum trialkyl [(Me3Si)3CAlMe2·THF] (1) with a series of substituted benzoic acid derivatives has been investigated. An equimolar reaction of 4-methyl benzoic acid or 4-tert-butyl benzoic acid with 1 in toluene at 50 °C le...

During growth cycle, the accumulation of autotoxins released from peach root into soil strongly restrains the perennial tree growth in the same soil plot. However, the toxication syndrome on plant developmental physiology and the identities of toxic substances from peach root are still elusive t...

BackgroundThe cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP199A4 can efficiently demethylate 4-methoxybenzoic acid. The substrate is positioned in the enzyme active site with the methoxy group ideally positioned for demethylation. This occurs through interactions of hydrophobic benzene ring with aromatic phenylala...

2,2,2-Trichloro-N-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]acetamide and 2,2,2-trimethyl-N-[(trimethylsilyl)-methyl]acetamide were prepared by reaction of N-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]amine with acid chlorides of the corresponding acids. The crystal structure of 2,2,2-trichloro-N-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]acetamide w...

We developed an analytical method for measuring compound-specific stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of phenols and nitrophenols in filter samples of particulate organic matter. The method was tested on 13 phenols derivatized with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), together wit...

Diastereoselective hydrophosphonylation of aldehydes with a chiral H-phosphonate is described. High asymmetric inductions were obtained using a readily available TADDOL auxiliary. Subsequent, racemization-free removal of the chiral auxiliary led to the desired α-hydroxyphosphonic acids in very ...

An enantioselective Michael addition of diethyl cyanomethyl phosphonate to chalcones catalysed by bifunctional catalysts based on cinchona alkaloids has been developed, producing enantiomerically enriched cyanophosphonate precursors of α-substituted β-aminophosphonates.

Conformations of 2-amino-1-hydroxy-2-aryl ethylphosphonic acids (in D2O) and their diethyl esters (in CDCl3 and CD3OD) were determined by means of NMR on the basis of dependence between observed values of coupling constants (3JPC, 3JHH and 3JPH) and corresponding dihedral angles. In case of diet...

Porous carbon was prepared through a simple and efficient method using microcrystalline cellulose as carbon source. Compared with pristine carbon (C-1), nitric acid treated carbon (C-2) has more acidic oxygen-containing groups on its surface (acid density: 0.14 mmol/g for C-1 and 2.13 mmol/g for...

Benzyl alcohol oxidation by means of nitric acid or mixed acids for benzaldehyde production is a very attractive process enabling quantitative conversion and high purity. However, a number of discrepancies can be found in the past literature about the reaction mechanism and the kinetic behaviour...

ObjectivesTo design a five step procedure for the synthesis of seven novel sulphur containing 1,2,4-triazole derivatives namely 4-[(3-(4-Chloro-phenoxymethyl)-5-(4-substituted-benzylsulfonyl)-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)methyl]-morpholine from 4-Chloro-phenol and Ethylbromoacetate as starting compounds a...

A facile synthesis of 3-[(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)methyl]-6-aryl-5,6-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles 3a–n has been achieved by microwave promoted condensation of 3-mercapto-4-amino-5-[(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)methyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazole 1 with various aromatic aldehydes 2a–n ...

A new Schiff base, HL, derived from condensation reaction of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-amino-3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione together with its Ni(II) complex have been synthesized and characterized by several spectroscopies methods. The optimized geometries, assignment of the IR ba...

Ternary iron-cobalt-nickel alloys of a wide range of composition have been deposited from boric acid-saturated fluoborate baths under a variety of conditions: pH 1 to 5, temperature 30° to 80°C, current density 0.5 to 36 A/dm2, in quiescent as well as agitated solutions, and the optimum condit...

The effects of glue and calcium lignin sulfonate additives, and chloride and antimony impurities on the lead electrowinning process, using a fluoborate electrolyte, were studied. Short-term deposition tests, voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and SEM techniques were used f...