The guinea pig maximization test is one of the preferred test methods for the identification of skin sensitizers. The OECD/EC test guidelines allow for the conduct of a rechallenge in case doubtful reactions are obtained after challenge. The relevance of rechallenging was investigated by perfo...
The emergence of old and new antibiotic resistance created in the last decades revealed a substantial medical need for new classes of antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of sulfa drugs is often enhanced by complexation with metal ions, which is in concordance with the well-known imp...
Solid-state characterisation of a drug following pharmaceutical processing and upon storage is fundamental to successful dosage form development. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of using different solvents, feed concentrations and spray drier configuration on the solid-state ...
Leaf anatomy and irradiance-dependent leaf transmittance changes serving as irradiance acclimation mechanisms in leaves were studied in two ecologically contrasting Tradescantia species, a shade plant T. fluminensis Vell. and a sun plant T. sillamontana Matuda, grown at different irradiances. A ...
The two Arabidopsis thaliana mutants, aba1 and max4, were previously identified as sharing a number of co-regulated genes with both the flu mutant and Arabidopsis cell suspension cultures exposed to high light (HL). On this basis, we investigated whether aba1 and max4 were generating high amount...
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with the carotenoid zeaxanthin (Zx) raises macula pigment optical density (MPOD) and has unique visual benefits for patients with early atrophic macular degeneration having visual symptoms but lower-risk National Institute ...
The direct sulfonamidation of primary and secondary benzylic alcohols catalyzed by a 2,3,4,5‐tetrafluorophenylboronic acid/oxalic acid co‐catalytic system was examined. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with readily available starting materials and has been shown to be gram‐scalable...
A series of N2,N2′‐disubstituted oxalic acid bishydrazides were synthesized. Some, for example, N2,N2′‐di‐1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐ethanyloxylic‐(bishydrazide), are novel and effective ligands for copper‐catalyzed Ullmann‐type CN coupling reaction in water. A variety of amines could be ef...
BACKGROUND Plums are much appreciated by consumers as fresh fruit but have a limited storage life. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with fruit ripening, an increase in ROS scavenging antioxidant systems could lead to a delay in postharvest plum ripening and in maintaining fruit...
NaHCO3 was used to increase the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for autotrophic microalgal cultivation in open pond systems. The effects of DIC on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris were investigated under different initial DIC concentrations of 17, 33, 62, 123, and 361 mg carbon...
Some tributaries in the Powder River Structural Basin, USA, were historically ephemeral, but now contain water year round as a result of discharge of coalbed natural gas (CBNG)‐produced waters. This presented the opportunity to study field sites with 100% effluent water with elevated concentrat...
In this work, we report electrospun nanofibers made of model hydrophobic (poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone); PLCL) and hydrophilic (gelatin) polymers. We explored the effect on drug release of the incorporation of sodium bicarbonate (SB) into these fibers, using the potent antibacterial agent cip...
4-Substituted thiosemicarbazides react with di- and trifluoroacetic acids to give the corresponding 3-fluoroalkyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-5(1H)-thiones. Condensation of 4,4-disubstituted thiosemicarbazides with trifluoroacetic acid leads to formation of 2-amino-5-trifluoromethyl-1,3,4-thiadia...
Small, simple and polyfunctionalized fluorine-containing molecules were obtained through simple synthetic sequences, starting from cheap and readily available dimethylsulfoxide and fluorinated acetic acid esters. A comparison between the present results and those obtained when p-tolyl was one o...
A two-step synthesis of (R)- and (S)-[ 2 H 1 ]-fluoroacetate (sodium salts) in high enantioselectivity is reported. The synthesis is the development of a previous one in which the enantioselectivity has been increased from ∼38% ee to >95% ee. The improvement in enantioselectivit...
A toxicologic and dermatologic review of linalyl propionate when used as a fragrance ingredient is presented.
Chemokines have chemotactic properties on leukocyte subsets whose modulation plays a pivotal role in allergic inflammatory processes. Our present study was designed to investigate the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties of desloratadine citrate disodium injection (DLC) and elucidate t...
This study aimed to improve the shelf life of Chinese red bayberries using vacuum impregnation. Vacuum pressure of 5 kPa for 15 min, atmospheric pressure for 10 min, an impregnation temperature of 20 °C, alone or in combination with isotonic sucrose solution, 1% food-grade disodium stannous cit...
Vapour pressures of saturated aqueous solutions of tartaric acid, sodium hydrogen tartrate, sodium tartrate, potassium tartrate, calcium tartrate, barium tartrate, citric acid, disodium hydrogen citrate, sodium citrate, and potassium citrate were determined in the temperature range (277 to 317)K...
Although we do not have reliable data for the true prevalence of urolithiasis during childhood, the number of patients seen in outpatient clinics and admitted for stone-related problems is steadily increasing worldwide. As for most pediatric patients a metabolic disease is the reason for stone d...
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