Stereoselective alkylation of the anion derived from (2R)-2,5-dihydro-3,6-dimethoxy-2-isopropylpyrazine with 2-chloromethylbenzothiophene afforded the corresponding trans-monosubstituted product, (2S,5R)-2-((1-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)methyl)-3,6-dimethoxy-5-(propan-2-yl)-2,5-dihyropyrazine in 88% ...

In this paper, the vibrational wavenumbers of N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-l-alanine methyl ester (abbreviated as Dnp-ala-ome) were obtained from ab initio studies based on the density functional theory approach with B3LYP and M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level of theories. The optimized geometry and structural f...

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and their study provides important information, which can be related to the behavior of larger biomolecules such as proteins. The present article reports experimental values of density (ρ) and speed of sound (u) of aqueous binary mixtures of biolo...

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a critical role in arterial remodeling during various vascular diseases including atherosclerosis and hypertension. Tanshinone I, a major component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, exerts protective effects against cardiovascular diseases. In this st...

The light-absorption ratio variation approach (LARVA) has been described and applied to the quantitative detection of ultramicro amounts of Ni by spectrophotometry, which raises notably the detection sensitivity. The complexation between 1, 5-di(2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenyl)-3-cyanoformazan (DSPCF) a...

The cis and trans isomers of methyl 1-(m-nitro)phenyl and 1-(p-nitro)phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-β-carboline-3-carboxylates (compounds 3a,b, 4a and b) were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Among all of the evaluated tetrahydro-β-carboline der...

The formation of 3-(2-nitrophenyl)pyruvic acid and its amide and ester derivatives – key compounds for the Reissert indole synthesis – was achieved under various reaction conditions via the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of 5-(2-nitrobenzyliden)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-4-one, which is readily a...

ABSTRACTThe 4 major tocopherol isoforms differ in their biochemical reactivity and cellular effects due to basic chemical structural differences. Alpha-tocopherol has been well studied regarding effects on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function and its involvement in respiratory burst...

Dittrichia viscosa L. is considered underexploited species rich on bioactive compounds. Previous investigations focused on phytochemical constituents and their bioactivities have been frequently carried out but the data on fatty acid composition of D. viscosa leaves lipid extract (LLE) and on th...

Tocopherols in human milk samples collected from 103 healthy mothers from China were determined. Samples were obtained at 1–7 d, 8–14 d and after 15 d postpartum. The maternal dietary intake of 24 h dietary recall was collected. Four tocopherol isomers (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol) were m...

Activation of thermogenic adipocytes (brown and beige) has been considered an attractive target for weight loss and treatment of metabolic disease. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1 α (PGC1-α) is a master regulator of thermogenic gene expression in thermogenic adipoc...

The acute toxicity of the insecticide and acaricide pyridaphenthion to five species of freshwater phytoplankton, Scenedesmus acutus, Scenedesmus subspicatus, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella saccharophila and Pseudanabaena galeata was determined. Insecticide concentrations eliciting a 50% growth re...

To detect the impact of pesticides on aquatic organisms, model streams (3 m wide, 20 m long) were established in paddy field in Japan. More than 100 species of aquatic organisms were generated in the model streams. Field tests with pretilachlor herbicide and pyridaphenthion insecticide were carr...

A study was undertaken to examine the uptake of the organophosphate insecticide pyridaphenthion in the chlorophyta Chlorella saccharophila. Algae cultures were exposed to the initial nominal concentration 10.0 mg l−1 pyridaphention during seven days. The insecticide bioconcentrates in the biomas...

Subcritical water has been used as an environment-friendly extraction fluid for many classes of organic compounds. It was used for the removal of phthalate esters (PEs), such as di-methyl phthalate, DMP; di-ethyl phthalate, DEP; di-iso-propyl phthalate, DIPP; di-n-butyl phthalate, DBP; benzyl bu...

Environmental chemicals such as phthalate esters may have adverse effects on anogenital distance (AGD), but the evidence in both genders has not been reviewed systematically. The objective of the present study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that analyzed the relat...

Despite the extensive production and use of phthalates in Asian countries, especially China, limited information is available about the current situation of human exposure in this region, and thus identification of further research needs is warranted. This review summarized the current trends of...

The Taiwan food incident in 2011 regarding the illegal use of phthalate esters (PAEs) as clouding agents raised the public awareness and regulatory acts on certain PAEs. According to the review of the relevant literature, this is the first study to assess the exposures of children to PAE in dust...

Phthalates are a group of widely used chemicals and humans are exposed to them in their daily life. Some phthalates may affect the hormonal balance in both children and adults. The aim of this study was to assess the phthalate exposure and its determinants among children at age of 7 years from t...

BackgroundPhthalate have been detected widely in the environment; while several studies have indicated that prenatal phthalate exposure has adverse effects on neurodevelopment, the results were inconsistent.