Product Name

  • Name

    gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane

  • EINECS 200-401-2
  • CAS No. 58-89-9
  • Article Data40
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 1.593 g/cm3
  • Solubility
  • Melting Point 113-115 °C(lit.)
  • Formula C6H6Cl6
  • Boiling Point 287.999 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 290.832
  • Flash Point 157.495 °C
  • Transport Information UN 2811 6.1/PG 1
  • Appearance white powder
  • Safety 36/37-45-60-61
  • Risk Codes 20/21-25-48/22-50/53-64
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 58-89-9 (gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane)
  • Hazard Symbols ToxicT,DangerousN
  • Synonyms Lentox;Lindafor;Lindane;Lindosep;Lintox;Lintox 3;Lorexane;Mglawik L;Milbol 49;Neo-Scabicidol;Nexit;Nexol E;Nicochloran;Omnitox;Ovadziak;PLK;Pedraczak;Quellada;Scabene;Spritz-Rapidin;Spritzlindane;Spruehpflanzol;TAP85;Tri-6;Viton;g-Benzene hexachloride;g-Benzohexachloride;g-HCH;g-Hexachloran;g-Hexachlorane;g-Hexachlorobenzene;g-Lindane;Entomoxan;Fenoform forte;Forst-Nexen;Gamacid;Gamene;Gamma benzenehexachloride;Gamma-HCH;Gammalin 20;Gammexane;Geolin G 3;Gexane;HCC;HCCH;HGI;Hexa;Hexachlorane;Hexachlorocyclohexane;Hexyclan;Hilbeech;Hortex;Inexit;Kanodane;Kokotine;Lasochron;Lendine;Aficide;Agrocide;Agrocide III;Agrocide WP;Aparasin;Aphtiria;Aplidal;Arbitex;BBH;Ben-Hex;Bercema-Spritz-Lindan 50;Bexol;Celanex;Detmol Extract;Dol Granule;Drilltox-Spezial Aglukon;
  • PSA 0.00000
  • LogP 3.64440

Synthetic route

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminium trichloride at 170℃; Irradiation;
With aluminum tri-bromide at 170℃; Irradiation;
With aluminium(III) iodide at 170℃; Irradiation;
With aluminium trichloride in einem elektrischen Feld von 8000 V;
benzene
71-43-2

benzene

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With methylene chloride; chlorine im UV-Licht;
With diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate; chlorine im UV-Licht;
With ammonium chloride; chlorine im UV-Licht;
delta-lindane
319-86-8

delta-lindane

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

B

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-85-7

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane

C

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene
41992-55-6

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With TEA In benzene at 20 - 25℃; Quantum yield; Product distribution; Mechanism; Irradiation;
beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-85-7

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

B

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene
41992-55-6

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With TEA In benzene at 20 - 25℃; Quantum yield; Product distribution; Mechanism; Irradiation;
alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

A

delta-lindane
319-86-8

delta-lindane

B

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

C

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-85-7

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane

D

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene
41992-55-6

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With TEA In benzene at 20 - 25℃; Quantum yield; Product distribution; Mechanism; Irradiation;
75-90 degree boiling distillates from coking

75-90 degree boiling distillates from coking

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water; chlorine
benzene
71-43-2

benzene

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

B

α-, β and δ-benzene hexachloride

α-, β and δ-benzene hexachloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide; chlorine
aluminium trichloride
7446-70-0

aluminium trichloride

delta-lindane
319-86-8

delta-lindane

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 140℃;
tetrachloromethane
56-23-5

tetrachloromethane

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene
41992-55-6

α-3,4,5,6-Tetrachlorocyclohex-1-ene

chlorine
7782-50-5

chlorine

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
mit Gluehlampenlicht.Irradiation;
delta-lindane
319-86-8

delta-lindane

iron(III) chloride
7705-08-0

iron(III) chloride

nitrogen

nitrogen

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 170℃;
aluminium trichloride
7446-70-0

aluminium trichloride

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

A

ε-hexachlorocyclohexane
6108-10-7

ε-hexachlorocyclohexane

B

delta-lindane
319-86-8

delta-lindane

C

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

D

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-85-7

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 170℃; im UV-Licht;
alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

iron(III) chloride
7705-08-0

iron(III) chloride

nitrogen

nitrogen

A

ε-hexachlorocyclohexane
6108-10-7

ε-hexachlorocyclohexane

B

delta-lindane
319-86-8

delta-lindane

C

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

D

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-85-7

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 170℃; im geschlossenen Gefaess;
tetrachloromethane
56-23-5

tetrachloromethane

chlorine
7782-50-5

chlorine

A

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
319-84-6

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
mit Gluehlampenlicht.Irradiation;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

A

1,3,5-trichlorobenzene
108-70-3

1,3,5-trichlorobenzene

B

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
120-82-1

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

C

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene
87-61-6

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia at 25℃; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reagents; Dehalogenation;A 5%
B 87%
C 8%
at 25℃; pH=8.32; Kinetics; Product distribution; Further Variations:; pH-values;
With (5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrinato)iron(III) chloride; tetrabutylammonium perchlorate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 4h; Electrolysis;
Conditions
ConditionsYield
With TEA In benzene for 1.16667h; Irradiation;33%
ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

furan-2,3,5(4H)-trione pyridine (1:1)

furan-2,3,5(4H)-trione pyridine (1:1)

A

1,3,5-trichlorobenzene
108-70-3

1,3,5-trichlorobenzene

B

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
120-82-1

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

C

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene
87-61-6

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Product distribution;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

(+/-)-1,1,2r,3t,4c,5c,6t-heptachloro-cyclohexane
707-55-1, 18376-24-4, 18376-25-5, 18376-26-6, 39005-77-1

(+/-)-1,1,2r,3t,4c,5c,6t-heptachloro-cyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With tetrachloromethane; chlorine Irradiation.UV-Licht;
Conditions
ConditionsYield
With TEA In benzene at 20 - 25℃; Quantum yield; Product distribution; Mechanism; Irradiation;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

1e,2a,3e,4e,5e-Pentachlorocyclohexane

1e,2a,3e,4e,5e-Pentachlorocyclohexane

D

meso-1e,2a,3a,4a,5e-pentachlorocyclohexane

meso-1e,2a,3a,4a,5e-pentachlorocyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In isopropyl alcohol Product distribution; Mechanism; Irradiation; γ or UV-irradiation, further isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

β‐cyclodextrin
7585-39-9

β‐cyclodextrin

C42H70O35*C6H6Cl6

C42H70O35*C6H6Cl6

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water at 70℃;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzodioxin
40321-76-4

1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzodioxin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen at 500℃; Oxidation; pyrolysis; Formation of xenobiotics; combustion;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzodioxin
3268-87-9

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzodioxin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen at 500℃; Oxidation; pyrolysis; Formation of xenobiotics; combustion;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

A

1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzodioxin
40321-76-4

1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzodioxin

B

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzodioxin
3268-87-9

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzodioxin

C

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzofuran
39001-02-0

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzofuran

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen at 500 - 900℃; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Temperatures; Oxidation; pyrolysis; Formation of xenobiotics; combustion;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzofuran
39001-02-0

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzofuran

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen at 900℃; Oxidation; pyrolysis; Formation of xenobiotics; combustion;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

acetone
67-64-1

acetone

aqueous NaOH

aqueous NaOH

(+-)-γ-1.3.4.5.6-pentachloro-cyclohexene-(1)

(+-)-γ-1.3.4.5.6-pentachloro-cyclohexene-(1)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 40℃;
tetrachloromethane
56-23-5

tetrachloromethane

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

chlorine
7782-50-5

chlorine

(+-)-γ-chlorobenzene hexachloride

(+-)-γ-chlorobenzene hexachloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Einwirkung von Licht;
tetrachloromethane
56-23-5

tetrachloromethane

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

chlorine
7782-50-5

chlorine

1,1,2r,3t,4c,5c,6t-heptachloro-cyclohexane

1,1,2r,3t,4c,5c,6t-heptachloro-cyclohexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 40℃; mit UV-Licht.Irradiation;
ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

hydrogenchloride
7647-01-0

hydrogenchloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
bei der Einwirkung von Roentgen-Strahlen;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

alkali

alkali

hydrogenchloride
7647-01-0

hydrogenchloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Kinetics;
LINDANE
58-89-9

LINDANE

ethanolic KOH

ethanolic KOH

hydrogenchloride
7647-01-0

hydrogenchloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Kinetics;

Lindane Chemical Properties

Molecular Formula: C6H6Cl6
Molar mass: 290.83 g/mol
EINECS: 200-401-2
Density: 1.59 g/cm3
Flash Point: 157.5 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.532
Boiling Point: 288 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.00416 mmHg at 25°C
Melting point: 113-115 °C(lit.)
Storage temp: 0-6°C
Appearance: White powder
Stable: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents
Product categories of lindane (58-89-9): Fluoroelastomer;Insectcide;Organics
Structure of lindane (58-89-9):
 
XLogP3-AA: 3.8
H-Bond Donor: 0
H-Bond Acceptor: 0
IUPAC Name: 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane
Canonical SMILES: C1(C(C(C(C(C1Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H6Cl6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9/h1-6H 
InChIKey: JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Lindane Uses

 lindane (58-89-9) is used for the prevention and treatment of vermin ofof rice, wheat, soybeans, corn, vegetables, fruit, tobacco, forest, granaries and others .

Lindane Production

In A, B, C, D and other conformational isomers (ie, α-, β-, γ-, δ-body, etc.) of 666, only the gamma has strong insecticidal property. Lindane's industrial production is based on 666 different isomers at different temperatures in methanol, and the different solubility and various isomers of differences to be extracted.They need an appropriate amount of methanol and the extraction temperature .

Lindane Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
cat LD50 oral 25mg/kg (25mg/kg)   "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 72, 1982.
cat LDLo unreported 50mg/kg (50mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS
Pharmacology and Toxicology. English translation of FATOAO. Vol. 22, Pg. 273, 1959.
child TDLo oral 111mg/kg (111mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 25, Pg. 374, 1972.
child TDLo oral 180mg/kg (180mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS
"Clinical Memoranda on Economic Poisons," U.S. Dept. HEW, Public Health Service, Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, GA, 1956Vol. -, Pg. 1, 1956.
dog LD50 oral 40mg/kg (40mg/kg)   Special Publication of the Entomological Society of America. Vol. 78-1, Pg. 11, 1978.
dog LDLo intravenous 7500ug/kg (7.5mg/kg)   Tieraerztliche Umschau. Vol. 5, Pg. 61, 1950.
guinea pig LD50 oral 127mg/kg (127mg/kg)   Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 6, Pg. 386, 1947.
hamster LD50 intraperitoneal 640mg/kg (640mg/kg)   Archives of Toxicology. Vol. 58, Pg. 152, 1986.
hamster LD50 oral 360mg/kg (360mg/kg)   European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene. Vol. 7, Pg. 159, 1974.
human LDLo oral 840mg/kg (840mg/kg)   Gekkan Yakuji. Pharmaceuticals Monthly. Vol. 34, Pg. 1232, 1992.
mammal (species unspecified) LD50 unreported 300mg/kg (300mg/kg)   Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 17(3), Pg. 32, 1973.
man TDLo skin 20mg/kg/6W-I (20mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: VISUAL FIELD CHANGES: EYE
CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
American Journal of Diseases of Children. Vol. 141, Pg. 125, 1987.
mouse LCLo inhalation 120mg/m3/6H (120mg/m3) BLOOD: CHANGES IN OTHER CELL COUNT (UNSPECIFIED)

BLOOD: CHANGES IN LEUCOCYTE (WBC) COUNT
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 8(10), Pg. 55, 1964.
mouse LD50 intracrebral 60mg/kg (60mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Toxicology Letters. Vol. 60, Pg. 289, 1992.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 125mg/kg (125mg/kg)   Soviet Genetics. English translation of GNKAA5. Vol. 2, Pg. 80, 1966.
mouse LD50 oral 44mg/kg (44mg/kg)   Journal of Economic Entomology. Vol. 65, Pg. 632, 1972.
rabbit LD50 oral 60mg/kg (60mg/kg)   Journal of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Immunology. Vol. 22, Pg. 115, 1978.
rabbit LD50 skin 50mg/kg (50mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Quarterly Bulletin--Association of Food and Drug Officials of the United States. Vol. 16, Pg. 3, 1952.
rabbit LDLo intravenous 4500ug/kg (4.5mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 92, Pg. 140, 1948.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 35mg/kg (35mg/kg)   Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 212, Pg. 463, 1951.
rat LD50 oral 76mg/kg (76mg/kg)   Special Publication of the Entomological Society of America. Vol. 78-1, Pg. 11, 1978.
rat LD50 skin 414mg/kg (414mg/kg)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 55(7), Pg. 87, 1990.
rat LD50 unreported 125mg/kg (125mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 28(8), Pg. 29, 1963.
women TDLo skin 19mg/kg/1H-I (19mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE"
Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 972, 1994.
 

Lindane Consensus Reports

NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man , 5 (1974),p. 47.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man , 20 (1979),p. 195.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed); No Evidence: mouse, rat NCITR*    National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD 20014) No. NCI-CG-TR-14 (1977). . EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program. Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List.

Lindane Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and neoplastigenic data. A human systemic poison by ingestion. Also a poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and intramuscular routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: convulsions, dyspnea, and cyanosis. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. See also BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE and other benzene hexachloride entries. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl, HCl, and phosgene.
 

Hazard Codes: T,N,F,Xn,Xi
Risk Statements:
11:  Highly Flammable
20:  Harmful by inhalation
21:  Harmful in contact with skin
22:  Harmful if swallowed 
23:  Toxic by inhalation
24:  Toxic in contact with skin
25:  Toxic if swallowed
38:  Irritating to the skin
39:  Danger of very serious irreversible effects
48:  Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
50:  Very Toxic to aquatic organisms
53:  May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment43:  May cause sensitization by skin contact
62:  Possible risk of impaired fertility
64:  May cause harm to breast-fed babies
65:  Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed
67:  Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness
Safety Statements:
9:  Keep container in a well-ventilated place
16:  Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking
29:  Do not empty into drains
33:  Take precautionary measures against static discharges 
36:  Wear suitable protective clothing
37:  Wear suitable gloves
45:  In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible)
60:  This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste
61:  Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet
62:  If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label

Lindane Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (skin)
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (skin)
DFG MAK: 0.1 mg/m3; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinoge

Lindane Analytical Methods

For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Aldrin and Lindane, 5502.

Lindane Specification

 lindane (58-89-9) also can be called Kwell ; alpha-HCH ; Beta-HCH ; Aalindan ; Hexachlorane ; Jacutin ; gamma-HCH ; Beta-Lindane .

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