4-ethynyl-phenanthrene
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 800℃; under 0.01 Torr; Product distribution; other temperatures; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone In benzene for 4h; Heating; | 98% |
With 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone In benzene for 48h; Ambient temperature; | 80% |
With triphenylmethyl perchlorate; acetic acid |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With triethylamine In methanol; water at 4℃; for 0.25h; Irradiation; sensitizer: methylene blue; | 98% |
With tetraethylammonium perchlorate; triethylamine In ethanol; dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 12h; Electrolysis; Green chemistry; | 92% |
With tetrabutylammonium perchlorate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 22℃; Mechanism; electroreduction at Hg electrode, Pt counter electrode, current oscillations, other temperatures; | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1.1: n-butyllithium / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / -78 °C 1.2: -78 - 20 °C 1.3: 1 h 2.1: caesium carbonate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; water / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With titanium tetrachloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 0.0166667h; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With palladium diacetate In cyclohexane at 140℃; for 24h; Molecular sieve; air; | 95% |
With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate In ethyl acetate at 150℃; under 12929 Torr; for 0.833333h; Microwave irradiation; Molecular sieve; | 95% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With chloro-trimethyl-silane In tetrahydrofuran; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 1h; | 91% |
2,7-di-tertbutylpyrene
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Nafion-H In toluene for 24h; Heating; | 90% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium tert-butylate at -80℃; | 90% |
With potassium tert-butylate at -80℃; Mechanism; reaction with other sulfonium salt was investigated; | 90% |
1-pyrenemethanol
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With oxygen; palladium diacetate; sodium carbonate at 130℃; for 36h; Molecular sieve; Schlenk technique; | 88% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 4-methyl-morpholine; tetrahydroxydiboron; 5%-palladium/activated carbon In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 50℃; for 3h; | 86% |
[2.2]Metacyclophan
A
pyrene
B
4,5-dihydropyrene
C
4,5,9,10-tetrahydropyrene
D
1,2,3,3a,4,5,9,10-octahydropyrene
E
1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrene
F
1,2,3,3a,4,5,9,10,10a,10b-decahydropyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide Product distribution; Heating; | A 3% B n/a C n/a D 12% E 84% F 1% |
[2.2]Metacyclophan
A
pyrene
B
1,2,3,3a,4,5,9,10-octahydropyrene
C
1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrene
D
1,2,3,3a,4,5,9,10,10a,10b-decahydropyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide Heating; | A 3% B 12% C 84% D 1% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel (0); ethyl-diphenyl-phosphane In toluene at 130℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; | 84% |
With bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel (0); 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane; ethyl-diphenyl-phosphane In toluene at 130℃; Inert atmosphere; | 84% |
N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dibromonaphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide
A
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dicyclohexyl-(2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-phosphane; caesium carbonate; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In water; toluene at 90℃; Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling; | A 76% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Nafion-H In toluene for 24h; Heating; | A 8% B 72% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With iron(III) chloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; regioselective reaction; | 70% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride; sodium chloride at 160℃; for 1h; Temperature; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; regioselective reaction; | A 7% B 70% |
A
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With W-7 Raney Nickel In ethanol for 14h; Heating; | A 19% B 63% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium methylate In methanol for 3h; Irradiation; | A 57% B 31% |
α,α,α',α'-tetrabromo-m-xylene
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With magnesium at 600℃; | 54% |
N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dibromonaphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide
1-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrene
A
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dicyclohexyl-(2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-phosphane; caesium carbonate; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In water; toluene at 90℃; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling; | A 50% B n/a C 50% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 450 - 460℃; Mechanism; 5-6 h; | 45% |
at 500 - 510℃; under 0.0001 Torr; for 1h; Product distribution; | 40% |
2,6-bis[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]biphenyl
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With [(t-BuXPhos)Au]NTf2 In para-xylene at 150℃; for 24h; | 42% |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: potassium carbonate / methanol / 20 °C 2: [(t-BuXPhos)Au]NTf2 / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 24 h / 80 °C View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride; sodium chloride at 160℃; for 1h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; regioselective reaction; | A 35% B 12% |
2,6-diethynylbiphenyl
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With [(t-BuXPhos)Au]NTf2 In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 80℃; for 24h; | 30% |
3-(1-pyrenyl)propionic acid
A
pyrene
B
6H-benzopyrene
C
5-oxo-5H-benzo[cd]pyrene
D
naphthanthrone
F
4,5-dihydro-3H-benzo[cd]pyrene
G
7,8-dihydro-9H-cyclopentapyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With polyphosphoric acid at 80℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; | A n/a B 26% C 30% D 29% E n/a F n/a G n/a |
3-(4H-cyclopentaphenanthrylidene)-1,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-pentadiyne
A
pyrene
B
benzo[e]pyrene
C
4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene
D
cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene
E
benzo[ghi]fluoranthene
F
Coarannulen
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen In gas at 900℃; Product distribution; electrically heated vertical laboratory tubular furnace; | A n/a B n/a C n/a D n/a E n/a F 15% |
3-(4H-cyclopentaphenanthrylidene)-1,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-pentadiyne
A
pyrene
B
benzo[e]pyrene
C
cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene
D
Coarannulen
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen In gas at 900℃; electrically heated vertical laboratory tubular furnace; Further byproducts given; | A n/a B n/a C n/a D 15% |
4,5-epoxy-4,5-dihydro-pyrene
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetraphenylporphinatoiron(II)(pyridine)2 for 30h; Ambient temperature; | 12% |
(E,E)-1,3-distyrylbenzene
A
pyrene
B
benzo[c]chrysene
C
(1α,2α,3β,4β)-1,3-Di-2-phenanthryl-2,4-diphenylcyclobutan
D
(1α,2α,3β,4β)-1,2-Di-2-phenanthryl-3,4-diphenylcyclobutan
E
3,4,12,13-Tetraphenylpentacyclo<13.3.1.16,10.02,5.011,14>eicosa-1(19),6,8,10(20),15,17-hexaen
F
3b,4,5,5a,8b,9,10,10a-Octahydro-4,5,9,10-tetraphenyldicyclobutapyren
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With iodine In benzene for 1.5h; Product distribution; Mechanism; Irradiation; further without I2, var. conc.; | A 3% B 7% C 7% D 7% E n/a F n/a G n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With N-Bromosuccinimide In dichloromethane for 2h; | 100% |
With hydrogen bromide; dihydrogen peroxide In methanol; diethyl ether; water at 15 - 20℃; for 12.25h; | 96% |
With N-Bromosuccinimide; dibenzoyl peroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; | 96% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; Friedel-Crafts Acylation; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 20℃; for 24h; | 98.3% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 0.5h; | 98.4% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
With aluminum tri-bromide In carbon disulfide at 40℃; for 0.5h; | 99% |
aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide Heating; | 99% |
pyrene
11-bromoundecanoyl chloride
11-bromo-1-(pyren-1-yl)undecan-1-one
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: 11-bromoundecanoyl chloride With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane Stage #2: pyrene In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 16.5h; | 100% |
With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 3h; | 80% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water-d2 Pd complex was treated with decalin and pyrene in D2O at room temp.; NMR monitoring; | 100% |
pyrene
2,6-dibromo-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfuric acid | 100% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 40℃; for 2h; Sealed tube; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride at 20℃; for 6h; | 100% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 1.16667h; | 95% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | 100% |
pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: 16-bromohexadecanoyl chloride, With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 1h; Stage #2: pyrene In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 16h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With nitric acid; acetic acid at 60℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere; regioselective reaction; | 99% |
With ammonium persulfate; sodium nitrite In acetonitrile for 21h; Ambient temperature; | 98% |
With dinitrogen tetraoxide In dichloromethane for 0.5h; Ambient temperature; | 97% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With bromine In nitrobenzene at 120℃; for 2h; | 99% |
With bromine In nitrobenzene at 120℃; for 14h; | 98% |
With bromine In nitrobenzene at 120℃; Inert atmosphere; | 98% |
pyrene
2,4-dichloro-2,4-dimethylpentane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide for 1h; Heating; | 99% |
pyrene
tertiary butyl chloride
A
2,7-di-tertbutylpyrene
B
2-(tert-butyl)pyrene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide for 1h; Mechanism; Heating; various solvents; | A n/a B 99% |
With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane for 3h; Ambient temperature; | A n/a B 63% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; | A 11% B 40% |
With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane for 3h; Ambient temperature; Yields of byproduct given; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide for 1h; Heating; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In toluene under N2 or Ar; pyrene was added to the samarocene in toluene, stirred for 5 min; solvent was removed by rotary evapn.; elem. anal.; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: phthalic anhydride; pyrene With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane; water for 3h; Friedel-Crafts Acylation; Reflux; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In dichloromethane; water Inert atmosphere; | 98% |
Stage #1: phthalic anhydride; pyrene With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux; Stage #2: With acetic acid at 130℃; for 0.0833333h; Inert atmosphere; | 87% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In neat (no solvent) for 2h; Friedel-Crafts Acylation; Milling; | 79% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; | 98% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen; 10percent Pd/C under 2327.23 Torr; for 144h; | 97% |
With palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen In tetrahydrofuran; methanol at 90℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 168h; Autoclave; | 90% |
Stage #1: pyrene With ethyl acetate at 20℃; for 48h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen at 60℃; under 4500.45 Torr; for 48h; Inert atmosphere; | 89% |
pyrene
bis(pinacol)diborane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dtbpy; (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer In cyclohexane at 80℃; for 16h; | 97% |
With (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer; 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine In tetrahydrofuran at 80℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; regiospecific reaction; | 94% |
With (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer In tetrahydrofuran for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | 94% |
pyrene
bis(pinacol)diborane
4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-pyren-2-yl-[1, 3, 2]dioxaborolane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With catalyst:[Ir(OMe)COD]2/dtbpy In not given 2.2 molar equiv. of B2pin2, (Ir(OMe)COD)2 (5 mol%) + 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (10 mol%); chromd. on silica pad (CH2Cl2); solvent removed (vac. 150°C); elem. anal.; | 97% |
With (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer; 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine In hexane at 80℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; regioselective reaction; | 65% |
With (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer; 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine In cyclohexene at 80℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; | 65% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With aluminum tri-bromide In carbon disulfide at 40℃; for 1h; | 96% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 5 - 20℃; for 4h; | 92% |
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 5 - 20℃; for 4.5h; Inert atmosphere; | 92% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With titanium tetrachloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 2.5h; | 96% |
With titanium tetrachloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; | 91% |
With titanium tetrachloride In dichloromethane for 3h; Ambient temperature; | 90% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With [mesitylenium]B(C6F5)4; benzene-d6 In benzene-d6 at 70℃; for 72h; Inert atmosphere; | 96% |
With d7-N,N-dimethylformamide; potassium tert-butylate at 170℃; for 1h; Microwave irradiation; | 95% |
With water-d2; hydrogen chloride at 250℃; for 50h; | 89% |
Molecular Structure of Pyrene (CAS NO.135-48-8):
IUPAC Name: pyrene
Molecular Formula: C16H10
Molecular Weight: 202.25
EINECS: 204-927-3
Melting point: 148 °C
Storage temp: Approx 4°C
Form: crystalline
Water Solubility: almost insoluble
Merck: 14,7963
BRN: 1307225
H bond acceptors: 0
H bond donors: 0
Freely Rotating Bonds: 0
Polar Surface Area: 0 Å2
Index of Refraction: 1.851
Molar Refractivity: 72.46 cm3
Molar Volume: 161.9 cm3
Surface Tension: 59.4 dyne/cm
Density: 1.248 g/cm3
Flash Point: 168.8 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 62.99 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 404 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 2.28E-06 mmHg at 25°C
InChI
InChI=1/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
Smiles
c12c3c4ccc1cccc2ccc3ccc4
Product Categories: Aromatic Compounds; Organics; Pyrenes
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 514mg/kg (514mg/kg) | Progress in Mutation Research. Vol. 1, Pg. 682, 1981. | |
mouse | LD50 | oral | 800mg/kg (800mg/kg) | SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 15(2), Pg. 59, 1971. |
rat | LC50 | inhalation | 170mg/m3 (170mg/m3) | SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 15(2), Pg. 59, 1971. |
rat | LD50 | oral | 2700mg/kg (2700mg/kg) | SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 15(2), Pg. 59, 1971. |
IARC Cancer Review: Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 ,1987,p. 56.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Animal No Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 32 ,1983,p. 431.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.
Poison by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. A skin irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Hazard Codes: N,T+,T,F,Xn
Risk Statements: 50/53-36/37/38-26-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-63-43-45-67-65-38
R50/53: Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
R26: Very toxic by inhalation.
R23/24/25: Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R11: Highly flammable.
R63: Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
R43: May cause sensitization by skin contact.
R45: May cause cancer.
R67: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
R65: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
R38: Irritating to skin.
Safety Statements: 60-61-45-36/37-28A-22-16-7-24/25-23-53-62
S60: This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
S22: Do not breathe dust.
S16: Keep away from sources of ignition.
S7: Keep container tightly closed.
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S23: Do not breathe vapour.
S53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
S62: If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.
RIDADR: UN 3077 9/PG 3
WGK Germany: 2
RTECS: UR2450000
HazardClass: 6.1(b)
PackingGroup: III
OSHA PEL: TWA 0.2 mg/m3
For occupational chemical analysis use OSHA: #ID-58 or NIOSH: Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (HPLC), 5506; (GC), 5515.
Pyrene , with CAS number of 135-48-8, can be called beta-Pyrene ; Benzo(def)phenanthrene . It is a pale yellow to yellow-greenish crystals or chunks. Pyrene (CAS NO.135-48-8) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings. It has some synonyms like Benzo[def]phenanthrene;coaltarpitchvolatiles;beta-Pyrene,and so on.It's colourless solid. Pyrene is usually used to produce raw materials of 1,4,5,8 - naphthalene acid ,and it's also used as materials of dyes, synthetic resins and plastics.
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