Publisher SummaryThis chapter presents a review on trifluorophosphine complexes of transition metals, based on the materials prior to early 1984. This chapter discusses the synthetic, structural, and spectroscopic aspects of an extensive range of transition metal phosphine (PF3) complexes includ...

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the effect of metal chelators with respect to their ability to inhibit metal catalyzed degradation in biologic products is a critical component for solution formulation development. Two metal chelators, disodium edetate (Na2EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA...

A vinyl ketone reacts with an aldehyde to give an α-methylene-β-hydroxyalkanone with the concomitant formation of the vinyl ketone dimer in the presence of catalytic amount of RhH(PPh3)4 or RuH2(PPh3)4 under almost neutral conditions. The selectivity of the cross-coupling product is remarkably...

Carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,1,1,3-tetrachloroalkanes were selectively reduced by silicon hydrides to give chloroform, 1,1-dichloroethane, and 1,1,3-trichloroalkanes, respectively, in high yields in the presence of catalytic amounts of phosphine complexes of ruthenium(II) s...

Treatment of dihydridotetrakis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II), I, with 1,4-dichlorooctaphenyltetrasilane, II, in the presence of triethylamine afford dimeric chlorohydrido(tris-triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II), III. The combined analytical and spectroscopic characterizationof III are consisten...

Ruthenium(II)-hydride complexes were very effective catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones and imines using propan-2-ol as hydrogen donor in the presence of a base. By using the catalyst dihydridotetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-ruthenium(II), the reduction proceeded effectively in the ...

Dihydridotetrakis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II), RuH2(PPh3)4, 1, serves as an appropriate model for studying the mechanisms of various catalytic reactions of olefins. 31P{;1H} and 1H-.n.m.r study of 1 in non-polar solvents revealed the octahedral cis-dihydrido configuration. A basic solvent m...

The synthesis of smart stimuli-responsive polymeric materials for nanomedicine applications has attracted the interest of a large number of scientists that focuses on the effective encapsulation of pharmaceutical compounds and control of their biodistribution. The development of multifunctional ...

Marine microorganisms and fungi are sources of cyclopeptides and cyclodepsipeptides that have numerous biological activities including antifungal, immunosuppressive, and anticancer. Some have been through clinical trials including didemnin B discussed in this review. These interesting properties...

Sanjoinine A (1) was synthesized from a 14-membered cyclopeptide prepared from a Garner aldehyde derived from d-serine. The key steps in the synthesis were the catalytic asymmetric reduction of ketone 2(b) and the final removal of the Boc group.

Acylated crude papain has been shown to exert stereoselective behavior toward racemic hydrazides devoid of an amino acid residue, namely, (RS)-mandelic and (RS)-atrolactic hydrazides. These hydrazides functioned as nucleophiles to yield N1,N2-diacylhydrazines. Several achiral acylating agents fo...

Hydrazides of five N-acylamino acids have been used alone as substrates for papain catalysis to yield N1,N2-diacylhydrazines. With the exception of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)(Z)-d-alanine hydrazide, they were very effective as both acylating agents of the enzyme and nucleophiles in attacking the enzy...

Polymers having ester and amide groups in their backbone offer new possibilities to integrate biodegradable and adequate performance properties in a single material. Furthermore, final characteristics can easily be tuned by changing the amide/ester ratio or even the polymer hydrophilicity. This ...

New Salinomycin (SAL) bioconjugates with amino acid methyl esters were obtained and their antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines including drug-resistant ones was studied. New compounds exhibit antiproliferative activity towards leukemia and doxorubicin-resistant colon adenocarcino...

N-Fmoc-3-O-Tr-l-serine methyl and benzyl esters, as well as a tripeptide FmocAlaSer(Tr)GlyOBn were directly glycosylated by 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1,2-O-(1-cyanoethylidene)-α-d-galactopyranose in the presence of TrClO4 in dichloromethane, yielding 32–57% of N-Fmoc-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-...

Cocrystallization experiments of the commonly available 2-aminobenzoic acid/3-aminobenzoic acid/4-aminobenzoic acid, with a series of organic acids gave a total of six anhydrous molecular salts. The structures of these salts were subsequently characterized by IR, EA, and XRD analysis technique, ...

ABSTRACTShortly after the discovery that linoleic acid was an essential fatty acid in 1930, α-linolenic acid also was reported to prevent the fatty acid deficiency syndrome in animals. However, several prominent laboratories could not confirm the findings with α-linolenic acid, and as a result...

Ralstonia eutropha Re2133/pCB81 is able to utilize various volatile fatty acids (VFAs) (acetate, butyrate, lactate, and propionate) for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production. Acetate and lactate resulted in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) P(3HB) production, butyrate in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydr...

The ketone body ester (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and its (S,S) enantiomer were prepared in a short, operationally simple synthetic sequence from racemic β-butyrolactone. Enantioselective hydrolysis of β-butyrolactone with immobilized Candida antarctica lipase-B (CAL-B) results ...

One of the advantages of microbial synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is the production of diverse polymers with different properties by the addition of different monomers, such as 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx). Considering the number of p...