Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were prepared via polyol method by using FeCl2 as only source of iron. As-prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analyzer (T...

Silica-supported Pd and PdSn catalysts were prepared by ion exchange or incipient wetness impregnation and characterized with H2 chemisorption, X-ray diffraction, in situ Sn K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), and scanning transmission electron microscopy. The activity of the ca...

The liquid-phase and gas-phase decarbonylation of heptanoic acid over carbon- and silica-supported Pd nanoparticles was studied in a continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor at 573 K. The liquid-phase turnover frequency (TOF) under steady state conditions (>20 h) was very low at ≈0.00070 s−1, presumab...

In the aqueous medium the asymmetric reduction of 2-octanone with Baker's yeast FD-12 was inhibited severely by the substrate and the product at higher concentrations, which resulted in a low yield and a low e.e. value of the object product (S)-2-octanol. Seven water/organic solvent biphasi...

Methyl n-pentyl ketone (2-heptanone) and methyl n-hexyl ketone (2-octanone) have been used as organic solvents in electrochemical studies of the water | organic solvent interfaces. The transfer of TBA+, TPrA+, ClO4− and I− ions across these interfaces has been observed when appropriate base elec...

The release of 2-octanone bound by bovine serum albumin (BSA)/pectin complexes in aqueous solutions was induced by shift of pH from neutral (pH 6.4) to acid (pH 4.3). The release of 2-octanone was due to BSA unfolding on the oppositely charged rigid polysaccharide matrix at pHs below BSA’s isoe...

The effects of a co-modifier and carboxylic acid on the hydrogenation rate and the enantio-differentiating ability (e.d.a.) were studied for the hydrogenation of 2-octanone and methyl acetoacetate over a tartaric acid modified reduced nickel catalyst. For the hydrogenation of 2-octanone, tartari...

Repeated use of the in-situ modified reduced nickel catalyst prepared from nickel oxide was carried out for the enantio-differentiating hydrogenation of 2-octanone. The tartaric acid (TA)–NaBr in-situ modified reduced Ni retained over 60% of the enantio-differentiating ability (eda) of the cata...

An isothermal titration calorimeter was used to measure the excess molar enthalpies (HE) of six binary systems at T = 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The systems investigated include (1-hexanol + 2-octanone), (1-octanol + 2-octanone), (1-hexanol + octanoic acid), (1-hexanol + hexanoic acid)...

Highly efficient asymmetric reduction of 2-octanone to (R)-2-octanol catalyzed by immobilized Acetobacter sp. CCTCC M209061 cells was achieved in a biphasic system. Bioreduction conducted in aqueous single phase buffer was limited due to poor solubility and toxicity towards cells cause by produc...

The effects of fuel properties and oxygenated structures on the combustion and emissions were investigated on a diesel engine. Five different fuels, n-heptane, iso-octane, n-butanol, 2-butanol and methyl octynoate, were added into diesel fuel with the same blending ratio (20% v/v), referred to a...

The asymmetric synthesis of the methyl ester of the natural β-amino acid of Onchidin (2S,3S)-methyl-3-amino-2-methyl-7-octynoate and its enantiomer is described. The preparation of an enantiomerically pure β-hydroxy acid through an enantioselective aldol condensation reaction and an intramolec...

Tin complexes (BuSnCl3 and Bu2SnCl2) were investigated as catalysts for the methanolysis of soybean oil and the esterification of oleic acid with methanol under several reaction conditions. From this study, it is possible to determine that BuSnCl3 was the most active catalyst for both reactions....

In this work, lactose fatty acid esters were enzymatically synthesized from fatty acids and lactose using Candida antarctica B lipase (CALB) in organic solvents. Products were purified using a solvent extraction method and analyzed using ATR-FTIR and surface-active properties measurements. Resul...

A series of new Keggin-type heteropolyacid (HPA)-based ionic liquid catalysts were synthesized from molybdovanadophosphoric acid (H4PVMo11O40) and propane sulfonated ionic liquid (MIM-PS). The physicochemical properties of these inorganic–organic composite catalysts were characterized by variou...

Development of nanotechnologies to improve the functionality of natural antimicrobials for food applications has received much attention in recent years. Mesoporous silica particles, such as MCM-41, have been recently proposed as smart delivery devices capable of loading and releasing large amou...

Amorphous SiO2-SO3H [1] with a small surface area and 1.32-mmol H+/g was used for the one-step preparation of solketal from glycerol and acetone; a 20%-w/w catalyst mixture (10% [1] and 10% (Bu4N)(BF4) was found to be very efficient for the synthesis of disolketal ether and of oxygenated biofuel...

Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) also called and accepted as biodiesel, obtained prominent importance in this new era as an alternate fuel for petro-diesel. Microalgae are identified as few of such feedstock for the production of biodiesel. Higher volumes of production per hectare area, fast grow...

Solid catalysts of chromium–tungsten–manganese oxides were prepared and used to synthesize fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) through esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD). Experiments were conducted in a batch reactor at a temperature range of 130–190 °C. The physical and chemical...

The influence of different pressures of CO2 and the addition of caprylic acid methyl ester as an entrainer was studied for the extraction process of borage seed. The increase of CO2 pressure from 100 to 350 bar resulted in the increase in extract yield from 0.14 to 24.29% (w/w) while the changes...