BackgroundIt is aimed to detect the sensitivity and specificity of rapid antigen detection of group A beta hemolytic streptococci from throat specimen compared with throat culture. The other goal of the study is to help in giving clinical decisions in upper respiratory tract infections according...

In recent years, clinical studies have shown strong epidemiological evidence of an increased risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders after childhood exposure to streptococcal infection, including the Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infection (P...

IntroductionAdult pharyngitis is rarely attributable to group A streptococci. Utilization of a rapid streptococcal antigen test (RADT) may improve appropriate prescribing for bacterial pharyngitis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the epidemiology, clinical features, and antibiotic prescribing patterns for nongroup A streptococci (NGAS) in children.

Objectivesβ-Hemolytic streptococci occasionally cause severe infections such as necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Here, we conducted a prospective study to investigate the production of cytokines and chemokines in patients with STSS to explore its pathogenesis...

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) is one of the largest superfamily of proteins, which are ubiquitously present, performing variety of cellular functions. These proteins as drug transporters have been enticing substantial consideration because of their clinical importance. The present study focuses on ...

When any living organism is frequently exposed to any drugs or toxic substances, they evolve different detoxification mechanism to confront with toxicants during absorption and metabolism. Likewise, the insects have evolved detoxification mechanisms as they are frequently exposed to different to...

Ubiquitous dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has severely threatened environmental safety and the health of organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to degrade DMP, removing it from the environment. Microbiological degradation is an efficient and safe method for degrading DMP. In this study, the response of...

The plant ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters are one of the integral membrane proteins responsible for uptake and allocation of a wide range of metabolites and xenobiotics including heavy metals (e.g. zinc, manganese and cadmium). They play multiple roles in plant growth, development and en...

An inverse relation exists between the maturation stage at the start of the oceanic reproductive migration and the migration distance to the spawning grounds for the various eel species. The European eel Anguilla anguilla migrates up to 5–6000 km and leaves in a previtellogenic state. The short...

Juvenile hormone (JH) is known to promote cell polyploidization for insect vitellogenesis and egg production, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using the migratory locust Locusta migratoria as a model system, we report here that the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (...

Recombinant peptides related to vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) of the American lobster Homarus americanus were expressed in bacterial cells, and then purified after being allowed to refold. Biological activities of the recombinant VIHs having an amidated C-terminus (rHoa-VIH-amide) and ...

We incubated fragments of Litopenaeus vannamei ovary to investigate second messengers involved in the regulation of vitellogenin (vg) mRNA levels. The use of 100 nM recombinant vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) (corresponding to recombinant L. vannamei sinus gland peptide-G: rLiv-SGP-G) si...

Estrogens exert their biological functions through the estrogen receptors (ERs). In zebrafish, three nuclear estrogen receptors (nERs) named ERα, ERβ1 and ERβ2 and one membrane-bound G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) are identified. Vitellogenin (Vtg) is predominantly expressed in li...

Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) and vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) belong to the CHH family, a neuropeptide superfamily conserved in ecdysozoans. To date, no receptor for the CHH family peptides has been identified in crustaceans. Here, we used a CHH family isoform, Mj-sinus glan...

The vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), also known as gonad-inhibiting hormone, is a neuropeptide hormone in crustaceans that belongs to the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH)-family peptide. There is regulation vitellogenesis by VIH during gonad maturation in crustaceans. A full-length...

Eyestalk ablation, which is a method for the removal of the source of vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), is frequently used in Litopenaeus vannamei in order to stimulate ovarian maturation and spawning in captivity. In this study, we assessed the effects of vih silencing using double-stran...

There are no Food and Drug Administration approved pharmacotherapies for methamphetamine (METH) overdose, thus identifying novel drug targets to prevent this devastating adverse event is a public-health imperative. Previous research suggests that serotonin and sigma receptors may contribute to t...

Some 1N-acetyl pyrazoles, including 3-phenyl-(5-(substituted phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-yl)ethanones, were synthesized by solvent-free cyclization cum acetylation of chalcones of substituted styryl phenyl ketones with hydrazine hydrate and acetic anhydride in the presence of a SiO2-H2SO4 ...

One-pot synthesis of some 1N-acetyl pyrazoles including 1-(3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-(substituted phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-yl) ethanones has been achieved via solvent-free microwave irradiation using substituted chalcones, hydrazine hydrate and acetic anhydride in the presence of catalyt...