Pseudomonas putida strain NCIB9866 (RA4000) carries an 85-kb plasmid, pRA4000, can utilize p-cresol and 2,4-xylenol, and is resistant to inorganic mercuric ions. The loss of this phenotype from a pRA4000-cured derivative, combined with DNA analysis and conjugation studies, showed that pRA4000 en...

The hydrocracking of 2,4-xylenol, chosen as a model compound for the hydropyrolysis of phenolic fractions was studied as a function of the following parameters: temperature, pressure, residence time and hydrogen partial pressure so as to determine the yield of light aromatic hydrocarbons (B T X)...

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria of para-cresol(1) + tetralin(2) and 2,4-xylenol(1) + tetralin(2) binary mixtures, measured at 101.1 kPa and 26.6 kPa, are reported. Activity coefficients are evaluated and correlated by Wilson equation.

The pyrolysis of 2,3- and 2,4-xylenol, characteristic of coal and biomass pyrolysis tar, was studied at 573–673 K under argon atmosphere. The reaction time varied from 1 to 6 h. Conversions were particularly low, less than 10%. 2,4-Xylenol is more reactive than 2,3-xylenol. The intermediate ben...

Gas chromatography/supersonic jet/resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/SSJ/REMPI/TOF-MS) was employed for isomer-selective determination of 2,4-xylenol in river and seawater samples. The sample containing 2,4-xylenol was measured using argon, rather than...

The effects of different lipolytic enzymes on the structure of lipid liquid crystalline nano-particles (LCNP) have been investigated by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and synchrotron small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD). Here we used highly structured cubic micellar (Fd3m)...

Four room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs), 1-CnH2n+1-3-CH3-imidazolium X− [X = PF6; n = 6 (L-P106). X = BF4; n = 2 (L102), 6 (L106). X = CF3SO3; n = 2 (L-T102)], have been studied as 1 wt.% additives of the synthetic ester propylene glycol dioleate (PGDO) in pin-on-disk tests for AISI 52100 stee...

The wide use of nylon 6 (PA 6) resulting in the resource recovery of waste PA 6 is urgent and its hydrolysis in sub-critical water to produce ɛ-caprolactam is a very important method. Hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) was used to in situ observe transformation of PA 6 in water up to 513 K. ...

A simple and rapid assay based on hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry has been first developed and validated for simultaneous determination of caprolactam (CA) and 6-aminocaproic acid (6-ANCA) in human urine using 8-aminocaprylic acid as internal standard....

After two decades’ endeavor, the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP) has successfully developed a green caprolactam (CPL) production technology. This technology is based on the integration of titanium silicate (TS)-1 zeolite with the slurry-bed reactor for the ammoximation of cycl...

The support materials Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 were modified with 16 wt% CeO2, using two different preparation methods evaporation-impregnation and precipitation-deposition. The synthesized 16 wt% CeO2-Al2O3, 16 wt% CeO2-SiO2 and 16 wt% CeO2-TiO2 materials were characterized by means of X-ray powder...

A series of Ce1-xCdxO mixed oxide catalysts prepared by co-precipitation method were tested for synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from glycerol and diethyl carbonate (DEC). The microstructural and physicochemical properties of the bimetal catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, CO...

The electronic spectra of diethyl carbonate (DEC) based on photoabsorption spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation are investigated in the 6.8-11.5 eV region. The VUV photo absorption spectrum reported here for the first time comprises broad features in the 7-11 eV region with few weak overridi...

The density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity have been measured for the binary mixtures of diethyl carbonate + butyl vinyl ether, +diisopropyl ether, +anisole, and +dibutyl ether at T = (303.15, 308.15 and 313.15) K. The experimental data have been used to calculate the excess molar volume VmE...

The vapor pressures of a diethyl carbonate + ethanol binary mixture and two ternary mixtures containing diethyl carbonate + ethanol + isooctane/toluene with constant ethanol mass fractions of 20% were measured at temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K using a simple quasi-static ebulliomet...

Some acetals can be produced from renewable resources (bioalcohols) and seem to be good candidates for different applications such as oxygenated diesel additives. In the present case the production of 1,1 diethoxy butane from bioethanol and butanal is presented. Butanal can be obtained from biob...

The Knoevenagel condensation with chlorine substituted benzaldehyde is difficult because of deactivation of aldehyde group. In this work we have shown that the activity of mesoporous cellular foams (MCF and Nb/MCF), modified with 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (AP) as a source of basicity, can b...

N-Benzoylthioureas have been reported to form complexes with gold (III) and palladium (II) and other transition metals. In this study, an N-benzoyl-N′,N′-diethylthiourea (3f) ligand was used in the solvent extraction of palladium(II) and gold(III) from aqueous chloride media (0.1 mol l−1 NaCl)...

The standard (p∘ = 0.1 MPa) molar energies of combustion in oxygen, at T = 298.15 K, of two crystalline bis(N,N-diethylthioureas) R(CONHCSNEt2)2: pyridine-2,6-dicarbonyl-bis(N,N-diethylthiourea), R = pyridyl, abbreviated as (bis-py-DETU), and adipoyl-dicarbonyl-bis(N,N-diethylthiourea), R = (CH...

A recombinant Rhizopus oryzae lipase expressed in Pichia pastoris has been immobilized in three different kinds of supports: EP100, Eupergit®CM and Octadecyl-Sepabeads. These immobilized derivatives have been used to catalyze the synthesis of ethyl butyrate. The effect of different parameters on...