We report for the first time that nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is an effective reductant for the preparation of stable dispersions of uniform gold nanoparticles. The method described is capable of generating stable sols with a metal concentration as high as 1.5 × 10−3 mol dm−3. The size of gold ...
Specimens of the toxic ribbon worm Cephalothrix simula from the Sea of Japan were screened for tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria. A single TTX-producing bacterial strain (No 1839) was isolated from tissues of C. simula and studied by immunohistochemical methods (including immunoelectron and immuno...
Law enforcement personnel interdicted an illegal shipment of a chemical suspected to be an illicit drug. However, literature within the package indicated that the substance was actually tetrodotoxin, a potent marine neurotoxin. Analyses of the questioned samples by gas chromatography–mass spect...
Toxic goby fish (Yongeichthys criniger) containing tetrodotoxin (TTX), from Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, China, were screened for TTX-producing bacteria. Two toxic bacterial strains were isolated from the liver of Y. criniger and respectively denoted XC3-3 and XL-1. TTX production by the strai...
Although paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) have traditionally been analyzed by liquid chromatography with either pre- or post-column derivatization, and these methods have been validated successfully through inter-laboratory studies, mass spectrometry methods have also been described in literatu...
The dermal glands of many amphibian species secrete toxins or other noxious substances as a defense strategy against natural enemies. Newts in particular possess the potent neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX), for which the highest concentrations are found in species within the genus Taricha. Adult Ta...
Corneal injury can produce photophobia, an aversive sensitivity to light. Using topical application of lidocaine, a local anesthetic, and tetrodotoxin (TTX), a selective voltage-sensitive sodium channel blocker, we assessed whether enhanced aversiveness to light induced by corneal injury in rats...
In many respects tetrodotoxin (TTX) is the quintessential natural toxin. It is unequivocally toxic to mammals with LD50 values for mice in the range of 10 μg/kg (intraperitoneal), 16 μg/kg (subcutaneous), and 332 μg/kg (oral) (Kao, 1966). Its biothreat status is recognized by its listing as a...
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxin mainly responsible for severe neurological illness, and okadaic acid (OA) is another important lipophilic toxin to humans. In this study, we developed a gold strip for simultaneous detection of OA and TTX in real seafood samples. In the assay, the prepared nano...
A membrane-based fluorescence-quenching immunochromatographic sensor (FQ-ICS) was developed to detect tetrodotoxin (TTX) in as little as 12 min by utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Compared with traditional ICS for detecting TTX, this FQ-ICS provided a positive readout of ...
Two small Lagocephalus sceleratus juveniles were captured in picarel targeting catches from North Aegean Sea (Greece) in the autumn of 2017. An electrochemical immunosensing tool using magnetic beads as immobilisation support was developed and applied to the rapid screening of tetrodotoxins (TTX...
Treatment of 2,2′-bis(indenyl)propane with Re2(CO)10 in refluxing decane resulted in both monometalated rhenium carbonyl complex 1 and bimetalated rhenium carbonyl derivatives rac-2 and meso-2, which were separated by chromatography, and fully characterized by 1H NMR, IR, EA and single crystal ...
The review describes a class of versatile bidentate phosphines having a homochiral 1,2-disubstituted cyclopentane backbone, the use of such ligands in coordination chemistry, and their application in transition metal-catalyzed synthesis, including CH activation, CC coupling, CC hydrogenation, an...
The reactions of [Cp∗RuCl(dippe)] and [CpRuCl(dippe)] (dippe 1,2-bis(diisopropylphosphino)ethane) with several alkynols HCCC(OH)RR′ (RR′H, Me; RMe, R′Ph) have been studied. These reactions leads to the formation of the corresponding allenylidene derivatives, although in some case...
New examples of ansa-titanocenes derived from 1,2-bis(2-indenyl)ethane have been prepared. The titanium-mediated reductive coupling of 2-(hydroxymethyl)indenes provided a convenient method for substrate dimerization. Alkyl substitution of the indene ring at C(3) improved the regioselectivity of ...
The synthesis of novel allenylideneruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(CCCPh2)L2(η-C9H7)] [PF6] [L = PPh3; L2 = bis(diphenyl phosphino)methane (dppm) or 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe)] is described. The allenylidene complexes are unreactive towards methanol but other nucleophiles [PMe3, ...
The 1,2-bis(3-indenyl)ethane dianion [(C9H6)CH2CH2(C9H6)]2− reacts with the photochemically activated carbonyl complexes M(CO)5(thf) (M = Cr, Mo, W) to give the dinuclear anions [(η5 : η5-C9H6CH2CH2C9H6)[M(CO)3]2]2−. These dianions react with CH3I to yield the corresponding dinuclear complexes...
A series of ethylene-bridged C1-symmetric ansa-(3-R-indenyl)(fluorenyl) zirconocene complexes 3a–i (R = 2-[2-(4-methylphenyl)propyl], 3a; R = 2-[2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)propyl], 3b; R = 2-(2-benzylpropyl), 3c; R = 2-methylbenzyl, 3d; R = 2-(2-cyclohexylpropyl), 3e; R = 2-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)propyl...
A short, enantioselective synthesis of (+)-goniodiol and (+)-8-methoxygoniodiol, cytotoxic styryllactones, has been achieved in high optical purities (99% ee). The strategy employs Co-catalyzed HKR of racemic anti-(2SR, 3RS)-3-methoxy-3-phenyl-1, 2-epoxypropane and Lewis acid-mediated diastereos...
FT-Raman and IR spectra of the herbicidal compound chlorbromuron have been recorded and analyzed. The detailed interpretation of the vibrational spectra has been carried out with the aid of normal coordinate analysis (NCA) following the scaled quantum mechanical force field methodology. The vari...
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