This work reports on a novel time-resolved fluorescent aptasensing platform for the quantitative monitoring of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) by interaction of dispersive/agglomerate gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with terbium ion-coordinated carbon dots (Tb-CDs). To construct such a fluorescent n...

Extracellular nucleotides such as adenosine 5′-triphospate (ATP) and uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) interact with P2 purinergic receptors on the surface of phagocytic cells and induce various physiological reactions. In this study, the production of antibody in mice immunized with an inactivate...

Combination therapy using nebulized amiloride hydrochloride and uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP) trisodium salt aerosols has been investigated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). Amiloride in aqueous solution precipitates in the presence of UTP, reducing drug concentrations. Interactions be...

Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), as a “molecular currency” for intracellular energy transfer, not only participates in various physiological activities, but also involves in various pathological processes of living cells. Therefore, the establishment of a simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate...

Publisher SummaryThis chapter reviews the chemistry of 8-azapurines (1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines). Two approaches to the preparation of 8-azapurines, from pyrimidines or from triazoles are presented in the chapter. Later, the crystallography, electron density, covalent hydration, ultraviole...

Mono- and disubstituted 2-bromo-3-fluoroquinolines 3 are readily accessible. They can be converted into the 3-fluoroquinoline-2-carboxylic acids 5 by consecutive halogen/metal permutation and into the 2-bromo-3-fluoroquinoline-4-carboxylic acids 6 by consecutive deprotonation and carboxylation. ...

Free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) is a new potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes because of its role in amplifying glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cell. In the present studies, we identified phenoxyacetic acid derivative (18b) as a potent FFA1 agonist (...

The theoretical conformational analysis of cyclic dipeptide, cyclo(glycine–valine), which has anticancer activity, has been performed by molecular mechanics method, in order to examine the energetically optimal conformational states. The relative positions of the side chain residues of the stab...

The conformational behavior and vibrational spectra of cyclo(Gly-Leu) dipeptide, which is an important biological active compound and a therapeudic agent, have been investigated by computational methods. The theoretically possible stable conformers of free cyclo(Gly-Leu) dipeptide in electronic ...

The effect of evocarpine (EVO), a quinolone alkaloid isolated from Evodiae fructus, on Ca2+-blocking activity has been examined. In the isolated rat thoracic aorta evocarpine significantly inhibited the contraction induced by 60 mM K+ with an IC50 of 9.8 μM, and that induced by external Ca2+ in...

An abnormally high serum phosphate level induces calcific aortic stenosis (CAS), which is characterized by ectopic valve calcification and stenosis of the orifice area. Inhibition of ectopic calcification is a critical function of any internal medical therapy for CAS disease. The aim of the pres...

Stereoselective synthesis of (±)-palitantin has been completed.

(+)-Palitantin (2) has been synthesized in 25% overall yield from the (5R)-tert-butyldimethylsiloxy-2-cyclohexenone [(R)-1] where a remarkable diastereoselective cat. OsO4 cis-dihydroxylation of (R)-1 furnished the precursor of the optically pure (5R,6R)-bis-trimethylsiloxy 2-cyclohexenone (7) w...

(-)-Quinic acid was utilized for the synthesis of (+)-palitantin adopting the chiron approach. Pertinent methodology includes stereocontrolled free-radical deoxygenation, functional group adjustments and an α-keto hydroxymethylation reaction.

The natural enantiomer of the fungal metabolite (+)-palitantin has been synthesized by adopting a chemoenzymatic and organocatalytic approach. Lipase catalyzed kinetic resolution, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation and organocatalytic asymmetric hydroxymethylation are the key steps involved in...

An isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic method for separation and determination of phenolphthalein and its metabolite, phenolphthalein-glucuronide, using bromocresol purple as an internal standard is described. The method uses a mobile phase of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.7)-methan...

Development of enantioselective synthesis of precursor en route to paxilline indoloterpenoids is described. Evaluation of 25 diphosphine-based ligands has led to identification of JosiPhos derivative that allows for asymmetric conjugate addition of homoprenyl Grignard reagent to 2-methylcyclopen...

Fluorescent detection is an attractive method for the detection of toxic chemicals. However, most chemosensors that are currently utilized in fluorescent detection are based on organic dyes or quantum dots, which suffer from instability, high background noise and interference from organic impuri...

Cartap is a widely used insecticide which belongs to a member of nereistoxin derivatives and acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor site. Its effects on aquatic species are of grave concern. To explore the potential developmental toxicity of cartap, zebrafish embryos were continually exposed, ...

The residue of pesticide has posed a serious threat to human health. Fast, broad-spectrum detection methods are necessary for on-site screening of various types of pesticides. With citrate-coated Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) as colorimetric probes, a visual and spectrophotometric method for rapid a...