SummaryA mixture of L-serine and borate is a potent competitive inhibitor of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Structural requirements for L-serine and the influence of some carbohydrates on this inhibition were investigated. Serine and borate can protect the enzyme against irreversible inactivation c...

A potentially versatile route to 2-(2-aminoaryl)indoles is described based on a palladium-mediated cyclisation of N-substituted indoles, together with free radical cyclisation of their N-benzyliodoacetamide derivatives to the 7,12-dihydro-indolo[3,2-d][1]benzazepin-6(5H)-one system.

The synthesis of silicon phthalocyanine dye was carried out. The dye was found to have comparable half-bandwidth with squarylium dyes. This dye, however, has excellent stability properties, both thermally and photochemically.

The photoconductivity of silicon dichloride phthalocyanine (SiCl2Pc) is studied. The results show that SiCl2Pc has good photoconductivity but that its photoconductivity decreases after solvent treatment. We emphasize the effects of induction and orientation on the photoconductivity of SiCl2Pc by...

The 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones to vinyl ethers is accelerated by Ti(IV) species. The efficiency of the catalyst parallels its complexation capacity. The use of Ti(iPrO)2Cl2 favours the formation of trans cycloadducts, presumably through an endo bidentate complex, in which the metal a...

In this study we explored, for the first time, the lactic acid fermentation of elderberry juice (EJ). A total of 15 strains isolated from dairy and plant matrices, belonging to L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus and L. casei, were used for fermentations. The volatile profile of started and unstarted EJ ...

Cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) are the raw material for chocolate production. Fermentation of the bean pulp by microorganisms is essential for developing the precursors of chocolate flavour. Currently, the cocoa fermentation is still conducted by an uncontrolled traditional process via a conso...

A series of novel quaternary ammonium salt derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing the herbicide carboxylic acid into substituted aminoacetanilide compounds which derived from herbicides alachlor or acetochlor, using the intermediate derivatization methods in an attempt to obtai...

The complexes of 3-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoates of Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Er(III) and Tm(III) with the formula: Ln(C8H6NO5)3·2H2O, where Ln=lanthanides(III), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, Forier transform irtrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, magne...

A simple thermo-responsive one-phase microemulsion (μem) is designed to enable the dark singlet oxidation of organic substrates while allowing a straightforward separation of the catalytic surfactant and products in two distinct phases by cooling down the reaction medium. This latter is prepare...

Osmotic and activity coefficients are reported for solutions of lithium, sodium, and potassium trifluoroacetates. Trends are compared among these salts and the corresponding acetates and trichloroacetates. Estimates of the ionic activity coefficients of the parent acid are discussed.

The reaction between 2-lithio derivatives of aromatic azaheterocycles and trichlorocetyl derivatives rapidly produces the corresponding 2-chloro derivatives in high yields through a metalhalogen exchange mechanism. The use of ethyl trichloroacetate can give better results with respect to those...

Enol trichloroacetate of cyclohexanone has been found to react with benzaldehyde in the presence of a catalytic amount of tributyltin methoxide and stoichiometric amount of MeOH to give an aldol adduct. Methanolysis of the in situ generating tin alkoxide of aldol adduct regenerates the tin metho...

The electrokinetic potentials of anatase (titanium dioxide) and α-alumina were studied by means of various instruments in the presence of sodium and potassium trichloroacetates, trifluoroacetates, and trifluoromethanesulfonates at various pH, ionic strengths, and solid-to-liquid ratios. At conc...

The effect of copper as dopant on ceria (CeO2) was investigated in the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO2 and methanol. Ceria with different copper loadings (0.02 and 0.5 wt%) was synthesized using the dry impregnation method and characterized by H2-TPR, XRD, EPR, UV–VIS/DRS,...

The formation of 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone (HMF, norfuraneol) by spinach ribosephosphate isomerase was reinvestigated [Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 202(1) (1980) 106]. Incubation experiments using d-ribose-5-phosphate and d-ribulose-5-phosphate clearly revealed a spontaneous nonenzymatic form...

Components with DNA breaking activity in soy sauce were investigated. It was found that there were water soluble high molecular weight DNA breaking components in soy sauce. Two DNA breaking components in the ethyl acetate extract of soy sauce were identified as fragrant components, 2,5-dimethyl-...

Chemical markers, such as furanone, are intrinsically formed in foods at elevated process temperatures, and have been successfully used as indirect indicators of heating patterns in advanced thermal proces-ses such as aseptic processing, microwave sterilization and ohmic heating. However, very l...

The present study was performed to optimize reaction parameters for the transesterification reaction of palm oil methyl ester and pentaerythritol by using response surface methodology (RSM). The affecting parameters were selected as temperature (140–190 °C), amount of catalyst (0.5–1.5 wt%), ...

The effect of incorporating a small amount of alkali metal alkoxides into a diene polymerization catalyzed by n-butyllithium in the presence of a polar modifier was investigated. It was found that the addition of sodium alkoxide significantly enhanced the polymerization rate of the monomers (1,3...