Functional neuroimaging studies suggest that a lateral network in the brain is associated with the sensory aspects of pain perception while a medial network is associated with affective aspects. The highest concentration of opioid receptors is in the medial network. There is significant evidence...

Radiolabeled diprenorphine (DPN) and analogs are widely used ligands for non-invasive brain imaging of opioid receptors. To develop complementary radioligands optimized for studies of the peripheral opioid receptors, we prepared a pair of hydrophilic DPN derivatives, conjugated to the macrocycli...

The immunomodulatory effects of dihydroetorphine were systematically investigated in subchronically treated mice. In a dose-dependent fashion, dihydroetorphine (total doses at 444.5, 889 and 1778 μg/kg) lowered the increase of body weight, decreased the weight of the spleen and thymus, weakened...

The spectral characterization, including the FTIR, DRIFT (diffusive reflectance), SWAXS (small and wide angle X-ray scattering) spectra comparison of the sodium bentonite modified by BDMODA–Cl (benzyldimethyloctadecylammonium chloride), HDTMA–Br (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), DDA–Br (d...

An organically modified clay, dimethyldioctadecylammonium-hectorite (DMDO-Hect.), was used as an emulsifier for the immiscible polystyrene/poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PS/PEMA) pair of polymers. The organoclay in this blend adsorbs selectively the PEMA chains and creates PEMA/DMDO-Hect. intercalate...

Understanding the nature of mixed surfactant self-assembly on the surface of organoclays is an important step toward optimizing their performance in polymer nanocomposites and for other potential applications, where selective surface interactions are crucial. In segmented thermoplastic polyureth...

The combination of delivery systems such as cationic liposomes and immunopotentiating molecules is a promising approach for the rational design of vaccine adjuvants. In this study, a synthetic analogue of the mycobacterial lipid monomycoloyl glycerol (MMG), referred to as MMG-1, was synthesized ...

Purified recombinant listeriolysin O (LLO) was assessed for its ability to induce T cell responses in mice. Intraperitoneal immunisation with LLO, as a fusion with glutathione-S-transferase (GST), induced the production of LLO-specific CD8+ T cells, but not LLO-specific CD4+ T cells. The generat...

BackgroundIschemia–reperfusion injury is a devastating complication that occurs in allotransplantation and replantation of limbs. Over the years, several preservation strategies have been used to conserve the critical levels of intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during ischemia to susta...

Chemical oxidative polymerization of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid aniline salt in water using ammonium peroxydisulfate as oxidant was found to give an homogeneous polyaniline suspension. An aqueous transparent and green uniform suspension containing polyaniline complexed and doped with dodecylben...

We have developed direct esterification reaction of carboxylic acids with alcohols catalyzed by diarylammonium salt catalysts toward the recovery of acetic acid from wastewater of chemical plants. Hydrophobicity of the catalysts could suppress their solubility in water. This esterification react...

A practical and convenient method for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxodecahydroacridine derivatives was achieved via the one-pot condensation reaction of cyclic 1,3-diketone, aldehydes and various anilines or ammonium acetate in the presence of 1-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide {[HMIM]C(CN)3} as a...

Polyaniline salts such as polyaniline-dodecylhydrogensulfate-sulfuric acid (PANI-DHS-H2SO4), polyaniline-dodecylhydrogensulfate-nitric acid (PANI-DHS-HNO3) and polyaniline-dodecylhydrogensulfate-hydrochloric acid salt (PANI-DHS-HCl) in chloroform were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymeriza...

Catanionic surfactants play a prominent role in the biotechnology, drag-reduction agents, microreactors and other fields, but the catanionic surfactants are all synthesized from halogenated quaternary ammonium salts or dimethyl sulfated quaternary ammonium salts more or less. In this context, we...

Human exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a global environmental health concern. Zinc (Zn2+) is a ubiquitous respiratory toxicant that has been associated with PM health effects. However, the molecular mechanism of Zn2+ toxicity is not fully understood. H2O2 and Zn2+ have been shown to mediat...

Phthalocyanines have long been used as primary donor molecules in synthetic light-powered devices due to their superior properties when compared to natural light activated molecules such as chlorophylls. Their use in biological contexts, however, has been severely restricted due to their high de...

The temperature dependence of the optical homogeneous width was investigated for mesoporphyrin and its aggregate doped in polyvinylalcohol from 1.8 to 50 K by means of persistent spectral hole burning and accumulated photon echo. Because the exponent of the temperature dependence changes around ...

This study investigated the effects of pH, muscle fiber type, and precursor levels on zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) formation in porcine skeletal muscles. ZnPP formation could be classified into three distinct groups with pH optima of 4.75, 5.5, or both. The effects of temperature and incubation...

Zinc mesoporphyrin (ZnMP) is a potent inhibitor of heme oxygenase (HO) and represses 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS). These properties make it a potential candidate for treatment of inducible acute hepatic porphyrias, diseases characterized by neurovisceral symptoms, and massive ALAS induc...

The synthesis and NMR characterization of chiral mesoporphyrins bearing α-methoxy-α-(trifluoromethyl) phenylacetyl residues are reported. The phototoxicity with circular polarized light and intracellular localization in L1210 cells are also described as preliminary results.