The induction of calcium terephthalate (CaTPA) calculi in the urinary tract of rats ingesting terephthalic acid (TPA) or dimethyl terephthalate is a result of supersaturation with respect to the stone components. The solubility product of CaTPA was determined in water at 37°C, and its value in ...

The laser Raman and IR spectra of crystalline terephthalic acid, terephthalic acid-d4 and dipotassium terephthalate are investigated in the region 33—4000 cm−1. The acid bands have been assigned on the basis of the reported crystal and molecular structure, and the molecular symmetry of the tere...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of terephthalic acid (TPA) has been investigated in aqueous silver sol and at a silver electrode. From the SERS spectral pattern, TPA has been found to chemisorb on the silver surface via Ag–COO− bonds after deprotonation even in a very acidic medium, ta...

2,5-Pyrazinedicarboxylic acid, its dipotassium salt, and its 2H isotopic derivative were prepared; their Raman and IR spectra were recorded and assigned. The minimal energy geometry was calculated by an ab initio method with the STO-4G basis set.

The recently discovered giant Huoshaoyun zinc-lead deposit in the Karakorum Range, northwestern Tibet, China, consists of a major zinc-lead carbonate and a minor lead-dominant sulfide mineralization with metal reserves of zinc and lead of over 16 million tonnes. The zinc-lead carbonate mineraliz...

The speciation of lead in the environment is extremely important in determining its behavior and fate in natural waters. Speciation calculations rely on accurate formation constants, which are often scarce. The constants for Lead Chloride complexes are fairly well known in a wide variety of medi...

Recycling of lead dust generated from waste lead battery smelter has been attempted to minimize the environmental pollution. For this aim, preparation of basic lead carbonate from lead dust has been tested with hydrometallurgical processes. The major component of lead dust used in the work was f...

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) may be used for lead removal. However, due to compact structure and high crystallinity of CaCO3, the utilization of CO32– is low and Pb removal only stays at the extent of physical adsorption and surface precipitation. In this research, a wet stirred ball milling proce...

Lead paste generated from spent and discarded lead acid battery has been converted to lead carbonate and lead oxides with a view to investigate a method for minimizing environmental pollution associated with spent lead paste recycling. The process includes four steps: namely desulfurization, lea...

Zirconia supported Pb-based catalysts with purely tetragonal/monoclinic crystals were prepared and analyzed well by XRD, TEM-EDS, XPS, H2-TPR, BET, Py-IR and NH3-TPD techniques. The results indicate that zirconia polymorph has great effect on their structure and catalytic property for the synthe...

Synthetic hydroxylmimetite Pb5(AsO4)3OH – a mineral isostructural with hydroxylapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH – was assessed for its ability to accommodate carbonate substitution. Hydroxylmimetite was synthesized by precipitation from an aqueous solution in the absence and presence of carbonate ions (sol...

Synthetic carbonate lead hydroxyapatite Pb5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,CO3) was precipitated from aqueous solution and characterized. The maximum content of CO32− ion in lead apatites does not exceed 2.25 wt%. For precipitation from aqueous solutions this is even lower and controlled by the solubility of ceru...

Racemic 2-n-butylbutanedioic acid 4-t-butyl esters were synthesized from methyl hexanoate and t-butyl α-iodoacetate via alkylation and subsequently selective hydrolyzation. The (R)-and (S)-2-n-butylbutanedioic acid 4-t-butyl esters were obtained by the resolution of the above-mentioned racemic ...

(S)-(−)-α-Methylbenzylamine 2 was used as a chiral auxiliary in the enantiodivergent synthesis of simple isoquinoline alkaloids. The prochiral imine moiety in compound 4 was reduced with different reagents, giving diastereomeric amines 5a or 5b, which subsequently were transformed to either (S)...

Two independent recent synthetic routes to byciclo[2.2.1]heptan-exo-2-endo-5-diol (I) have been described by Henbest and Toivonen. The products were clearly different. Re-examination of this discrepancy reveals that the product described by Henbest was essentially pure I, but that Toivonen'...

Tributyltin hydride reduction of 2-bromo- and 2-keto-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-spiro-2′-oxiranes gives ring opening of the oxirane-rings via intermediate 3-(spiro-2′-oxiranyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl radicals, whereas reduction of the analogous 2-(thiocarbonyl)imidazolides) [2-(O-CS-Im)] unusual...

Novel tacrine-benzyl quinolone carboxylic acid (tacrine-BQCA) hybrids were designed based on multi-target directed ligands (MTLDs) paradigm, synthesized and evaluated in vitro as inhibitors of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) and human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE). Tacrine moiety is represent...

A new sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of [2-(2,6-dichloro-phenylamino)-phenyl]-acetic acid in pharmaceuticals in the presence of nicotinic acid. The method is based on the reaction of [2-(2,6-dichloro-phenylamino)-phenyl]-acetic acid wit...

The compound 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline hy-drochloride, a structural isomer of amiquinsin hydrochloride (4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline hydrochloride), was synthesized. It was shown to be hypotensive in anesthetized normotensive dogs and produced an antihypertensive effect in unanesthetiz...

Lead styphnate (C6H3N3O9Pb, LS) and lead azide (Pb(N3)2, LA) are identified to be the only viable replacements for mercury fulminate and widely used in various industries. However, the treatment of military explosive wastewater containing these pollutants was rarely reported currently. On one ha...