Surface treatments were applied to AZ80 magnesium alloy (8%Al–92%Mg) within non-chromate environments to develop its anti-corrosion characteristics. The non-chromate process involved chemical conversion using a phosphate and hydrofluoric acid (HF) coating, followed by anodizing. The chemical co...

Chromium Conversion Coatings (CCCs) are widely used for the protection of magnesium alloys against the corrosion but this approach is limited due to the toxicity of hexavalent chromium. Alternative conversion coatings are based on solutions containing chromium (III), permanganate, phosphates, Ra...

Magnesium is being increasingly used in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, construction, computers, medical, consumer electronics and the military. World production of magnesium currently totals about 400,000 tons per year. The low density of magnesium (33% lighter than aluminu...

Magnesium and its alloys present several advantages such as a high strength/weight ratio and a low density. These properties allow them to be used for many aeronautical applications but they are very sensitive to corrosion. To solve this problem, conversion coatings are deposited on the surface ...

A new environmentally friendly non-chromated chemfilm with different pretreatments was studied as a replacement to conventional hexavalent chromium-based chemfilm technologies for magnesium alloys. Anti-corrosion and paint adhesion properties of conversion-coated sand-cast AZ92A-T6 magnesium all...

2-Ethoxy- and 2-(ethylthio)-1-azetines readily undergo 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with nitrile oxides and nitrile ylides to give stable 4,5-bicyclic cycloadducts. With nitrilimines, however, the expected 1,3-dipolar cycloadducts and/or unexpected ring-opened products, namely 1,2,4-triazoles, are...

The progress in catalysis research has recently led to new conversion pathways of cellulosic biomass to a range of tetrahydrofurans, which are potentially viable as biofuels. However, combustion behavior of these tetrahydrofurans is not well understood. Considering this as the main focus, the pr...

Mecobalamin has been widely used in the treatment of patients with peripheral neuropathy. Several studies have investigated oral, intravenous (IV), or intramuscular administration of mecobalamin, but no studies on the usefulness of a combination of these routes have been reported. In addition, d...

This study examined alterations in the β-adrenoceptor-Gs-adenylyl cyclase system in cerebral cortex membranes from vitamin B12-deficient rats fed a diet lacking vitamin B12 (mecobalamin) for 15 weeks. Basal, 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate (GppNHp)-, isoproterenol-, and forskolin-stimulated ad...

The current study attempted to relieve the symptoms of chronic tension-type headache (CTH) and migraine without aura (MWA) by injecting mecobalamin at acupoints (points where acupuncture needles are inserted). The 18 patients, ages 35 to 72 years, in this study had not responded to oral drug the...

Our previous study showed that overuse of the nonparetic hand and wrist of the nonparetic side following stroke result in significantly more abnormal on the nonparetic side than on the hemiparetic side in terms of electrophysiologic indices of median nerve function. The purpose of this study was...

ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic efficacy of moxibustion combined with mecobalamin on diabetic perineuropathy and the effects on blood homocysteine in patients with diabetic perineuropathy.

Suitable micro/nanofibers orientation in tissue engineered scaffold could guide cells outgrowth and migration during tissue regeneration. However, it is still a challenge to prepare a simple, high-strength and aligned fibers scaffold. Herein, we report a facile strategy to construct high-strengt...

The photolysis of cyanocobalamin (B12) and aquocobalamin (B12a)/hydroxocobalamin (B12b) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AH2) at pH 2.0–12.0, under aerobic conditions, has been studied. It follows first–order kinetics and the values of apparent first–order rate constants (kobs) at pH 2.0–12...

Cyanide poisoning occurs in individuals after fire smoke inhalation and after oral ingestion of cyanide. Hydroxocobalamin (HOCbl), a hydroxylated form of vitamin B12, is often used as an antidote to treat cyanide toxicity. It has a high affinity for cyanide and rapidly removes cyanide from tissu...

Conductance measurements of aqueous solutions of hydroxocobalamin dihydrobromide and hydroxocobalamin monohydrochloride show that the limiting conductance of the cobalamin ion is 33 mhos. By also measuring the conductance of the weak electrolytes, cyanocobalamin and hydroxocobalamin, it was esta...

1.1. Triflocin, a new diuretic agent, was used to study ouabain-uninhibited Na+ transport in human erythrocytes.2.2. Triflocin inhibits ouabain-uninhibited 22Na+ efflux and 22Na+ influx and in this regard it resembles furosemide and ethacrynic acid. No effect on net Na+ flux could be demonstrate...

BackgroundFermentation has been shown to improve the biological properties of plants and herbs. Specifically, fermentation causes decomposition and/or biotransformation of active metabolites into high-value products. Polyacetylenes are a class of polyketides with a pleiotropic profile of bioacti...

Six novel monacolin analogs, monacolins V1–V6 (1–6), together with seven known ones (7–13), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of red yeast rice. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR (1H-1HCOSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOES...

Five previously undescribed acylated pelargonidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucosides (pigments 2–6) were isolated from the red-purple flowers of Iberis umbellata L. ‘Candycane Rose’ and ‘Candycane Red’, in addition to a known one (pigment 1). The structures of five undescribed acylated anthocyanins...